Recent Advances in the Biological Synthesis of l-Tyrosine Derivatives by Genetically Engineered Microbes.

l-Tyrosine (l-Tyr) is an important aromatic amino acid. Meanwhile, derivatives of l-Tyr also exhibit promising applications across various industries, including food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Empowered by synthetic biology, the biological synthesis of l-Tyr derivatives via microbial fermentation has emerged as a promising alternative to overcome the limitations of traditional production methods, such as the low production efficiency, high cost, and environmental pollution.

The role of gallic acid in liver disease: a review of its phytochemistry, pharmacology, and safety.

Background: The development of liver diseases adversely affects global health, emerging as a prominent cause of mortality globally and imposing a significant economic strain on society. Gallic acid (GA) is the natural polyphenol that is present in a variety of plants, fruits, tea, traditional Chinese medicine and so on.

Purpose: This review was aimed to analyze the available literature on GA with a focus on its mechanism of action.

Sustainable production through spatial niche partitioning in engineered light-driven microbial community.

Light-driven microbial communities consisting of phototrophs and heterotrophs represent an emerging frontier for biochemicals production from carbon dioxide (CO). However, the construction of stable and robust light-driven artificial microbial communities remains challenging because the dominant strain wins the competition for nutrient and leads to the instability of subpopulations. Inspired by natural ecosystems, one promising approach to assemble stable consortia is to construct spatial niches partitioning subpopulations-that is, physically separating different microbial members into distinct microenvironments to reduce competition and enable stable coexistence.

Investigation on the Carrier Dynamics in P-I-N Type Photovoltaic Devices with Different Step-Gradient Distribution of Indium Content in the Intrinsic Region.

InGaN-based photovoltaic devices have attracted great attention due to their remarkable theoretical potential for high efficiency. In this paper, the influence of different distributions of step-gradient indium content within the intrinsic region on the photovoltaic performance of P-I-N type InGaN/GaN solar cells is numerically investigated. Through the comprehensive analysis of carrier dynamics, it is found that for the device with the indium content decreasing stepwise from 50% at the top to 10% at the bottom in intrinsic region, the photovoltaic conversion efficiency is increased to 10.

Optimizing public health management with predictive analytics: leveraging the power of random forest.

Community health outcomes significantly impact older populations' wellbeing and quality of life. Traditional analytical methods often struggle to accurately predict health risks at the community level due to their inability to capture complex, non-linear relationships among various health determinants. This study employs a Random Forest Algorithm (RFA) to address this limitation and enhance the predictive modeling of community health outcomes.

Molten-Salt-Mediated Synthesis of Atomic Manganese/Cobalt Catalysts on Bioceramic Microparticles for Catalytic Anti-Osteoarthritis Treatments.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic progressive joint disease characterized by cartilage degeneration and local inflammation, and its progression is closely related to the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Despite progress made with small molecule antioxidants and nanozymes, effective antioxidant therapy for the long-term elimination of these ROS remains challenging, largely due to the rapid clearance of antioxidants from the joints via synovial vessels and lymphatics. Herein, a molten-salt method is developed to facilitate the atomic dispersion of Mn or Co ions homogeneously on the surface of akermanite microparticles (AKT-MPs).

Associations between vaccination clinic factors and DTaP dropout in China: A cross-sectional study.

Diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis combined vaccine (DTaP) dropout reflects negatively on the ability of a vaccination clinic to ensure children are fully vaccinated with recommended vaccines. Our study examined associations between modifiable vaccination clinic factors and DTaP dropout in clinics in China. A cross-sectional study of 42,282 clinics used clinic-reported clinic-level factors and clinic-level vaccination data from the National Immunization Information Management System and the Coding Management System during calendar year 2021.

Enhanced early rehabilitation and pain management with all-arthroscopic medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction: A comparative study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of femoral tunnel location, post-operative pain management, functional rehabilitation and clinical outcomes in medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction using all-arthroscopic technique.

Methods: Between 2020 and 2021, 160 patients with recurrent patellar dislocation undergoing MPFL reconstruction were categorized into control (traditional surgery) and study (all-arthroscopic technique) groups. Femoral tunnel accuracy was assessed via computed tomography scans, pain management, functional rehabilitation, knee range of motion and daily activities were evaluated up to 6 months post-operatively.

I-DMSO-mediated [4 + 2] cyclization of methyl ketone with 2-aminobenzimidazole to construct 2,4-disubstituted benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-] pyrimidines.

A novel and efficient synthesis of 2,4-disubstituted benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-]pyrimidine skeletons is reported. Using 2-aminobenzimidazole and acetophenone as substrates, an I-DMSO-mediated multicomponent reaction was described, which used a one-pot method to generate two C-N bonds and one C-C bond, yielding 25 substrates. Currently, such derivatives are used clinically for biorevealing, so we selected some of the compounds in this paper for photophysical characterization.

Genome-wide identification of the TGF-β superfamily and their expression in the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis.

Transforming growth factor-β superfamily genes are multifunctional cytokines that play central roles in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, adhesion, and migration. Identifying the TGF-β superfamily in crabs could provide a basis for elucidating the genetic regulatory mechanism of growth, development, sex differentiation and environmental adaptation. To understand the complexity and evolution of the TGF-β superfamily in the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis, this study comprehensively and systematically analysed this superfamily in the genome of E.

Vibrational Analysis Based on Cavity-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy: Cyclohexane.

Cyclohexane (CAS: 110-82-7), a colorless organic solvent derived from petroleum, is a valuable reference standard for Raman shift calibration and serves as a model for six-membered ring structures in complex chemical and biological systems. In this study, we measured polarized Raman spectra of gaseous cyclohexane at room temperature using cavity-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (CERS) across the range of 200-3200 cm. The observed vibrational wavenumbers, intensities, and depolarization ratios were compared with calculated values, enabling the assignment of several dozen Raman-active bands, including many overtone and combination bands.

Extended endoscopic endonasal approach for solid or predominantly solid third ventricle craniopharyngiomas complicated with obstructive hydrocephalus: a single-center experience of 27 patients.

Objective: Direct surgical resection may be the only choice for solid or predominantly solid third ventricle craniopharyngiomas (TVCs) complicated with hydrocephalus. Despite the increased use of the extended endoscopic endonasal approach (EEEA), the viewpoint that these tumors are unsuitable for endonasal resection remains prevailing. This paper presents the largest case series assessing the surgical outcomes of EEEA for solid or predominantly solid TVCs complicated by hydrocephalus.

Analysis of cement raw materials radioactivity in Chongqing.

Under the guidance of national energy-saving and environmental protection policies, the addition of high-radioactivity waste materials to cement may lead to the accumulation of various radioactive elements, potentially harming human health if not properly controlled. This study selected three representative cement production companies in Chongqing for sampling based on their production line processes. The activities of the radionuclides Ra, Th, and K in raw materials, fuels, additives, and final products were measured using a low-background high-purity germanium spectrometer.

Growth differentiation factor 15 aggravates sepsis-induced cognitive and memory impairments by promoting microglial inflammatory responses and phagocytosis.

Background: Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a severe neurological condition caused by sepsis, and presents with symptoms ranging from delirium and coma to long-term cognitive dysfunction. SAE is acknowledged as a widespread brain impairment characterized by the activation of microglia. However, the specific pathological mechanisms that drive this activation are still not clearly understood.

Rational engineering of minimally immunogenic nucleases for gene therapy.

Genome editing using CRISPR-Cas systems is a promising avenue for the treatment of genetic diseases. However, cellular and humoral immunogenicity of genome editing tools, which originate from bacteria, complicates their clinical use. Here we report reduced immunogenicity (Red)(i)-variants of two clinically relevant nucleases, SaCas9 and AsCas12a.

Correlation between Neuroimaging Scores and Carotid Artery Ultrasound Features in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Patients.

Introduction: The recently proposed cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) score system may help capture the overall burden of CSVD. This study aimed to investigate the associations between carotid artery ultrasound features and the burden score and cognitive performance of CSVD patients.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis of an ongoing prospective study.

Surveillance for Adverse Events Following Immunization with Domestic Sabin-Strain Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine - China, 2015-2022.

Introduction: Domestic Sabin-strain inactivated poliovirus vaccine (sIPV) was approved for use in China in 2015 and introduced into the national immunization schedule in a sequential schedule with oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) in May 2016. However, a comprehensive analysis describing the characteristics, occurrences, and incidences of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) with sIPV in China is lacking.

Methods: Data on sIPV doses administered and AEFI reported from 2015 to 2022 were obtained from the Chinese National Immunization Information System (CNIIS).

Innovative Ultralow Thermal Budget ZrHfOx Ferroelectric Films with Low-Temperature Phase Transition for Next-Generation High-Speed Multifunctional Devices.

By design of the element concentration, regulating the ratio of the t phase and the energy difference between t and o phases, the ZrHfOx (ZHO) film demonstrated the highest polarization value at a maximum processing temperature of only 280 °C without an annealing process, and it can withstand over 10 polarization cycles without breakdown. The ZHO film maintains good ferroelectric performance in extreme temperature environments (4.55 to 473 K).

Fabrication of oxygen-vacancy abundant NiAl-layered double hydroxides for ultrahigh capacity supercapacitors.

The manipulation of oxygen vacancies is regarded as a viable approach to enhance the electrochemical properties of electrode materials. Herein, NiAl-LDH nanosheets with rich oxygen vacancies were successfully synthesized on the surface of nickel foam a conventional hydrothermal and chemical reduction strategy. The oxygen vacancies were introduced and modulated NaBH treatment, significantly enhancing the electrochemical properties.

Redox nanodrugs alleviate chronic kidney disease by reducing inflammation and regulating ROS.

Immune-mediated glomerular diseases lead to chronic kidney disease (CKD), primarily through mechanisms such as immune cell overactivation, mitochondrial dysfunction and imbalance of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We have developed an ultra-small nanodrug composed of MnO nanoparticles which is functionalized with biocompatible ligand citrate (C-MnO NPs) to maintain cellular redox balance in an animal model of oxidative injury. Furthermore, this ultra-small nanodrug, loaded with tacrolimus (Tac), regulated the activity of immune cells.

Multilevel modeling of technology use, student engagement, and fitness outcomes in physical education classes.

Introduction: The integration of technology in educational settings, particularly in physical education, has shown potential in enhancing learning experiences and improving physical health outcomes. This study aims to investigate the effects of technology use on student engagement and fitness outcomes, considering the mediating role of student engagement and the moderating influence of personal attributes.

Methods: Utilizing a time-lagged design, the research collected data from 513 Chinese undergraduate students (52% male and, 48% female) aged between 18 and 24 years over three waves using structured questionnaires rated on a 5-point Likert scale.

Lactylome analysis reveals potential target modified proteins in the retina of form-deprivation myopia.

The biological mechanisms underlying the development of myopia have not yet been completely elucidated. The retina is critical for visual signal processing, which primarily utilizes aerobic glycolysis to produce lactate as a metabolic end product. Lactate facilitates lysine lactylation (Kla), a posttranslational modification essential for transcriptional regulation.

The effect of mindfulness meditation on depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Currently, 280 million people worldwide experience depression, ranking it third in the global burden of disease. The incidence of depression has risen due to the COVID-19 pandemic, making it essential to examine evidence-based practices in reducing depressive symptoms during this unprecedented time. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to analyze randomized controlled trials during the COVID-19 pandemic that evaluated the effect of mindfulness meditation on depressive symptoms in individuals with depression.