Rosmarinic acid as a chemosensitizer in colorectal cancer: Targeting nuclear factor-kappa B pathway to overcome chemoresistance.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy. However, the efficacy of current treatment strategies remains limited. In recent years, monomeric compounds from traditional Chinese medicine have received extensive attention in cancer therapy.

Temporal variation of the forest experience index in typical ecosystems of Beijing, China.

Exploring the relationship between ecosystem functions and humans is of great significance for promoting human health and well-being. Systematic quantitative indicators for the public's green experience in different ecosystems are in shortage. The quantitative indicators for the differences in green experience perception among people in different ecosystems are unavailable, which limit scientific decision-making for green recreation.

Gut-kidney axis modulation by viable and inactivated mitigates avian hyperuricemia through microbial-metabolic crosstalk.

Hyperuricemia (HUA) has become the fourth most important health-threatening risk factor after hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia, but the efficacy of existing uric acid-lowering treatments (ULT) is poor, and there is an urgent need to explore novel ULT strategies. (), a next-generation probiotic, shows promise in promoting intestinal homeostasis and metabolic regulation. Previous studies have demonstrated the potential application of in ULT, but its specific mechanism has not been elucidated.

Influence of divergence in residual feed intake on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality, muscle fiber morphology, and blood chemistry in indigenous chickens.

Feed efficiency (FE) is an important factor restricting development of the poultry industries. Residual feed intake (RFI) serves as an indicator for measuring FE in breeding initiatives. This study aimed to explore the influence of divergence in RFI on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality, muscle fiber morphology, and blood chemistry in indigenous chickens.

Activity and Heterogeneity of Astrocytes in Neurological Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets.

Astrocytes, the most prevalent glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS), play crucial roles in maintaining CNS homeostasis and responding to various pathological stimuli. They play key roles in neural development, neurotransmission, neuroinflammation, metabolic support, and tissue repair. Recent advancements in single-cell sequencing have revealed the remarkable heterogeneity of astrocytes, with distinct subpopulations differentially contributing to disease progression in neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, and multiple sclerosis.

Inhaling Eugenol Inhibits NAFLD by Activating the Hepatic Ectopic Olfactory Receptor Olfr544 and Modulating the Gut Microbiota.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major public health threat with currently limited therapeutic options. Inhalation therapy shows promise for treating metabolic disorders due to rapid absorption and high patient adherence, though relevant medications remain scarce. Eugenol (EUG), the primary component of Syzygium aromaticum volatile oil, emerges as a promising NAFLD inhibitor from lipid-lowering aromatic Chinese medicine screening.

Depth-guided DIC for 3D shape, deformation, and strain measurement on discontinuous surfaces.

Digital image correlation (DIC), as a powerful vision-based technique for deformation and strain measurement, is widely used in various fields. However, when facing the object with discontinuous surfaces, the results given by DIC are biased due to the inaccurate shape function description. To address it, a depth-guided DIC method is proposed to enable accurate three-dimensional (3D) shape, deformation, and strain measurement on discontinuous surfaces.

Dual-strategy-guided 2D wavelet transform for single-exposure high dynamic range 3D shape measurement.

Fringe projection profilometry (FPP) based on structured light is widely used for three-dimensional (3D) shape measurement due to its non-contact nature and high accuracy. However, in practical measurement scenarios, the surface reflectivity of objects varies significantly, leading to a mix of specular and diffuse reflections. This results in the coexistence of underexposed and overexposed areas, which remains a challenging issue in FPP.

Wine-Processed Polysaccharides Alleviating Cognitive Dysfunction in CUMS Mice by Regulating Intestinal Microbiota.

The incidence rate of cognitive dysfunction (CD) urgently requires the development of safe and effective dietary supplements to prevent and treat this disease. (PS) is a traditional Chinese herb that can be used as both food and a medicine, and is known to improve memory and nourish the nerves. However, there has been limited research on the commonly used wine-processed form of PS (WPS) in clinical practice; consequently, we know little about the pharmacological effects of WPS and the mechanisms involved.

Advances of Chinese medicine-derived exosomes in disease intervention and drug delivery system.

Backgrounds: Plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (PELNVs) are nanoscale vesicles with lipid bilayer as the basic framework, which include nucleic acids, encapsulate various proteins, and other bioactive substances. They have recently become promising preparations for disease treatment and intercellular signaling. Studies have shown that Chinese medicine-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (CMELNVs) have great potential in solving a variety of human health diseases.

Non-invasive light flickering reinstates visual plasticity in adult mice via lipocalin 2.

Background: Light flickering, a non-invasive stimulation technique over recent years, has shown a promising therapeutic potential for brain dysfunctions. However, the mechanisms by which this visual stimulus exerts its beneficial effects are largely unknown.

Results: Here, we found that 7 days of 1 h 20 and 40 Hz light flickering promoted visual plasticity in primary visual cortex of adult mice.

Luteolin attenuates type 2 inflammation in asthmatic mice induced by OVA by regulating IL-33/ST2- GSK3β-M2 macrophage polarization.

Allergic asthma is a prevalent non-infectious inflammatory disease characterized by type 2 inflammation. Although multiple treatment options are available, their efficacy is often limited due to the heterogeneous nature of asthma. Luteolin (LUT), a naturally occurring flavonoid, has demonstrated therapeutic potential in various inflammatory conditions.

Regulation of Na diffusion and retention in oral cavity by arabinogalactan-protein fraction from gum arabic and its mechanism of enhancing saltiness perception.

The growing health hazards of high-salt diets require effective salt reduction strategies in food industry. Gum arabic (GA), as saltiness enhancer, is composed of polysaccharides and glycoproteins. However, key fraction and its role in saltiness-enhancing remain underexplored.

A novel strategy for synthetic microbial community conversion of liquid pig manure into microbial fertilizer.

The pig industry generates copious amounts of liquid pig manure (LPM), which poses a great challenge to the environment; conventional treatment of the manure is often time-consuming and inefficient. We developed a novel technique for converting LPM into liquid microbial fertilizer with two steps: (1) screened ammonia nitrogen-degrading strains and synthetic microbial communities (SynCom) were used in combination with HO for the biological deodorization of LPM; and (2) the bio-deodorized and autoclaved LPM was then inoculated with screened SynCom2 to produce liquid microbial fertilizers. The results of bio-deodorization demonstrated that both single ammonia nitrogen-degrading strains and SynCom1 reduced over 90% of the odor and GHGs emissions (NH, HS, CO and CH) from LPM, and decreased the pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH-N) and EC to varying extents.

Gut Microbiota-Derived Acetate Ameliorates Endometriosis via JAK1/STAT3-Mediated M1 Macrophage Polarisation.

Endometriosis (EMs) is a common inflammatory disorder in women of reproductive age, severely impacting patients' quality of life and fertility. Current hormonal therapies offer limited efficacy, and surgical interventions often fail to prevent recurrence. Recent studies suggest a close association between gut microbiota and the pathophysiology of EMs, though the precise mechanisms remain unclear.

OTUD3-mediated stabilization of SLC7A11 drives sunitinib resistance by suppressing ferroptosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), as the main type of RCC was treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) at the late stage. While drug resistance is the main challenge for TKIs like sunitinib, and the underline mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we found that OTUD3 is over-expressed in ccRCC and promotes sunitinib resistance in tumor cells.

Extracellular vesicles as biomarkers and drug delivery systems for tumor.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are crucial for facilitating intercellular communication, promoting cell migration, and orchestrating the immune response. Recently, EVs can diagnose and treat tumors. EVs can be measured as biomarkers to provide information about the type of disease and therapeutic efficacy.

Predictive Value of Baseline CT Radiomics for Jianpibushen Prescription Efficacy in Femoral Head Necrosis.

Objectives: To explore the predictive value of baseline CT radiomics for the 6-month and 12-month treatment efficacy of the Jianpibushen Prescription in femoral head necrosis (FHN), with the goal of optimizing treatment strategies.

Methods: Retrospectively, ARCO stage 2-4 FHN patients who underwent hip joint CT scans before receiving Jianpibushen Prescription treatment from September 2016 to December 2023 were collected. 315 patients (M/F = 210/105, median age 39.

Engineered Clostridium butyricum-pMTL007-GLP-1 Delays Neurodegeneration in Prnp-SNCA*A53T Transgenic Mice Model by Suppressing Astrocyte Senescence.

Astrocyte senescence has been identified as a factor in the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD) and the onset of age-related cognitive decline. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has developed into a novel neuroprotective strategy for PD. However, the effects of GLP-1 on astrocyte senescence in PD remain to be elucidated.

Amino Acid Ionic Liquid Two-Phase System: Construction and Its Application for Green Gold Recovery from E-waste Thiosulfate Leachate.

Although gold extraction from electronic waste using thiosulfate is a highly promising approach, the recovery of gold from thiosulfate leaching solutions still poses a significant challenge. To enable more environmentally friendly gold recycling, aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs) composed of guanidinium amino acid ionic liquids (TMG-AA ILs) and phosphates were developed for extracting gold from thiosulfate-leached solutions of electronic waste. Key parameters affecting Au(I) extraction were systematically investigated, including the types and concentrations of TMG-AA ILs and inorganic salts, initial gold concentration, temperature, and reaction time.

Efficacy and safety of Jingqianshu granules in patients with premenstrual syndrome: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Introduction: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a common disorder characterized by recurring somatic, emotional, and behavioral symptoms during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Core manifestations include irritability, anxiety, insomnia, mood swings, breast tenderness, and headache. In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), PMS with liver and qi stagnation is considered a pattern resulting from internal organ imbalance.

Mechanistic study of quercetin in the treatment of thyroid cancer with diabetes based on network pharmacology and experiments.

Introduction: Thyroid cancer (TC) stands as a prevalent malignancy within the global endocrine system, with its incidence notably exacerbated by the presence of diabetes. However, the specific relationship between TC and diabetes and promising treatment strategies that address both conditions simultaneously are still under exploration. Quercetin, herb medicine from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is widely used as an adjunctive therapy with Western medicine in the treatment of many diseases based on a wide range of biological effects.

Response of Endophytic Microbial Communities and Quality of to Fertilization Treatments.

is a traditional herbal remedy for cardiovascular diseases and is in high demand in the market. Excessive chemical fertilizer application, resulting from unscientific fertilization practices, reduced the tanshinone content in roots. This study investigated how different fertilization types alter the endophytic microbial community composition of through field experiments, aiming to understand how fertilization affects its medicinal quality.

Self-Assembled π-Conjugated Hole-Selective Molecules for UV-Resistant High-Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells.

Ultraviolet (UV) light-induced degradation, particularly occurring at the buried interface, has emerged as a significant stability challenge, severely limiting the widespread applications of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, we rationally design and synthesize novel thiophene-modified self-assembled π-conjugated hole-selective molecules, namely (4-(3,6-bis(5-methylthiophen-2-yl)-9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)phosphonic acid (Me-TPCP), affording UV-stable high-efficiency PSCs. Simultaneously incorporating phenyl and thiophene groups enhances molecular conjugation, effectively protecting the fragile bonds between the carbazole core and the phosphonic acid group.