AI-driven engineering of EgtD enabling high-efficiency ergothioneine synthesis with a multi-enzyme cascade.

Ergothioneine (ERG), a sulfur-containing natural antioxidant with significant biomedical potentials, has long been limited by low productivity in microbial fermentation. Here, we report the first high-efficiency in vitro reconstruction of a multi-enzyme cascade for ERG biosynthesis. To address the rate-limiting histidine methylation step, we employed a synergistic strategy integrating machine learning-based kinetic prediction (CataPro, DLkcat), molecular dynamics simulations, and conformational dynamics analysis to guide site-directed mutagenesis of Mycolicibacrterium smegmatis EgtD.

Extracorporeal shock wave therapy for peripheral arterial disease-related intermittent claudication: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Intermittent claudication (IC) is a common manifestation of peripheral arterial disease. This study evaluates the efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT), a non-invasive treatment, for patients with IC.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of four major databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science) was conducted through March 2025.

Inflammation as a mediator between neck adipose tissue and tumor aggressiveness in hypopharyngeal and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: The impact of neck adipose tissue (NAT) on the invasiveness of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC) and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) remains uncertain. We investigated the roles of NAT and derived - neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (dNLR) in the aggressiveness of HPSCC and LSCC, and established an adipose- inflammation-aggressiveness axis to identify high-risk factors.

Methods: This retrospective study involved 412 patients with HPSCC or LSCC.

Novel nanostructured RegeSi bioactive glass for early enamel caries remineralization: Multi-dimensional evaluation from microstructure to mechanical properties.

Objective: To comprehensively evaluate the microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of novel nanostructured RegeSi bioactive glass in promoting early enamel caries remineralization through a multi-dimensional characterization system, and to analyze its molecular mechanism.

Materials And Methods: Sixty bovine incisor enamel samples were randomly divided into six groups: sound enamel, deionized water, 2 % NaF, 10 % CPP-ACP, 6 % BAG 45S5, and 6 % RegeSi groups. Early enamel caries was established using a pH-cycling model followed by 14 days of remineralization treatment.

Iron electrolysis inhibits filamentous overgrowth in polymer-fed aerobic granular sludge system: Iron-electricity synergistic effect and mechanism.

Polymers comprise a significant fraction of organics in domestic wastewater, yet their slow hydrolysis seriously limits intracellular substrate storage, leading to excessive filamentous growth and destabilization of aerobic granular sludge (AGS). This study investigated the application of iron electrolysis to inhibit filamentous overgrowth in polymer-fed AGS reactor. Results showed that the AGS developed in the control reactors exhibited fluffy structure with excessive filament growth on the granule surface.

Letrozole ovulation regimen for frozen-thawed embryo transfer in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a muti-centre randomised controlled trial.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients typically undergo either an ovulation induction regimen or a programmed regimen for endometrial preparation before frozen embryo transfer (FET). However, the superiority of one approach over the other remains controversial. While previous studies suggest that the letrozole regimen may improve pregnancy outcomes, prospective studies are insufficient.

Development and preliminary evaluation of Chinese Vitiligo Quality of Life Scale (CVQLS).

Introduction: Current research shows that there is no vitiligo quality-of-life measurement instrument suitable for Chinese patients. At present, the DLQI scale commonly used with vitiligo patients in China includes symptom dimensions or items that are not applicable to vitiligo patients. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a quality-of-life scale specific to vitiligo patients in China.

The dual mechanism of mA demethylase ALKBH5 in regulating energy metabolism during exposure to MC-LR.

Exposure to MC-LR has been shown to cause multiple organ injury, particularly liver injury, and altered energy metabolism is closely linked. As an effective and efficient way to regulate biological gene expression, N(6)-methyladenosine(mA) modification plays an important role in liver injury caused by microcystin-LR(MC-LR) exposure. For the first time, we reveal the dual mechanism by which AlkB homolog 5(ALKBH5) regulates energy metabolism through an mA-YTHDF3-dependent mechanism.

The differential role of IL-33 and IL-38 in prostate cancer, contradictory roles.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is still as a major cause of morbidity and mortality in men at the global level, highlighting the necessity for improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies beyond current PSA screening limitations. This mini-review focuses on the complex and often opposing roles of two key cytokines, IL-33 and IL-38, within the tumour microenvironment and their implications for host immunosurveillance in PCa. Intra-tumoral IL-33 expression is significantly reduced in PCa tissues and correlates with aggressive disease features such as higher Gleason scores and lymphatic metastasis, suggesting an inherent anti-tumour function.

Suitable Planting Area Prediction for Two Species: An Analysis Based on Habitat and Phytochemical Suitability.

The distribution of suitable habitats for medicinal plants is affected by climate, soil, land use, and other factors. , an important traditional Chinese medicinal resource in Xinjiang, includes (Royle) I. M.

Metagenomic analysis deciphers airborne pathogens with enhanced antimicrobial resistance and virulence factors in composting facilities.

The composting process has been shown to effectively reduce antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in animal manure, but its influence on surrounding airborne AMR remains unknown, particularly with regard to human-pathogenic antibiotic-resistant bacteria (HPARB). In this study, air and paired compost samples were collected from a full-scale composting facility, and the antibiotic resistome, microbiome, and HPARB were systematically analyzed in both two habitats using metagenomic analysis. Current result uncovered the profiles of HPARB in air, showing that significantly more airborne HPARB were assembled than that in compost samples.

Loss of Pathogenicity and Evidence of Horizontal Gene Transfer in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides From a Medicinal Plant.

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is a major agricultural pathogen of crops that has also been identified as an endophyte of the medicinal plant Huperzia serrata. Both H. serrata and C.

Effect of low-molecular-weight heparin on pregnancy outcomes in Chinese women with recurrent implantation failure undergoing frozen embryo transfer: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

Introduction: The incidence of recurrent implantation failure (RIF) can reach up to 10% among patients undergoing in vitro fertilisation and embryo transfer worldwide. However, the clinical efficacy of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) in RIF remains a subject of controversy. Currently, there is a lack of high-quality clinical research validating the effectiveness of LMWH in treating patients with RIF, particularly during frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles.

Association between high triglyceride-glucose index and MACCE in hypertriglyceridemia patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.

Background: With a focus on metabolism-related cardiovascular diseases, the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has been used as a surrogate marker of insulin resistance in the prognosis of coronary heart disease. However, the prognostic role of the TyG index in patients with elevated triglycerides, still requires further research. This study aimed to investigate the association between the TyG index and Major Adverse Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Events (MACCE) in patients with hypertriglyceridemia undergoing drug-eluting stent percutaneous coronary intervention (DES-PCI).

Oxidative stress-induced release of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) promotes the progression of vitiligo by activating the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in monocytes.

Vitiligo, driven by cytotoxic CD8 T cells destroying melanocytes, has recently been linked to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), a DAMP known to trigger innate immunity. However, the precise role of mtDNA in vitiligo pathogenesis remains poorly understood. In this study, we observed significantly elevated mtDNA levels in both the serum and depigmented lesions of vitiligo patients.

Conversion of Ku80 K568 crotonylation to SUMOylation facilitates DNA non-homologous end joining and cancer radioresistance.

Chemo-/radioresistance of malignant tumors hampers cancer control and increases patient mortality. Efficient repair of damaged DNA is critical for the maintenance of genomic integrity and fidelity of genetic information. In reverse, increased DNA repair capability in cancer cells contributes to chemo-/radioresistance of malignant tumors.

Comparison of annealing and heat-moisture modification on effects of Tartary buckwheat starch under plasma-activated water condition.

This study investigated the effects of plasma-activated water (PAW) assisted annealing and heat-moisture treatment (HMT) on the physicochemical, structural properties, and in vitro digestibility of Tartary buckwheat starch (TBS). The results showed that there were much aggregates on the surface of starch granules under annealing and HMT conditions, it was more pronounced when subjected in PAW. The modified starches showed higher R and pasting temperature, which led to reducing digestibility of TBS.

Dietary whey protein protects against Crohn's disease by orchestrating cross-kingdom interaction between the gut phageome and bacteriome.

Background: The gut microbiome and diet are important factors in the pathogenesis and management of Crohn's disease (CD). However, the role of the gut phageome under dietary influences is unknown.

Objective: We aim to explore the effect of diet on the gut phageome-bacteriome interaction linking to CD protection.

Hordeum I genome unlocks adaptive evolution and genetic potential for crop improvement.

Crop wild relatives (CWRs) are invaluable for crop improvement. Among these, Hordeum I-genome species exhibit exceptional tolerance to alkali and salt stresses. Here we present a chromosome-scale genome assembly of Hordeum brevisubulatum (II, 2n = 2x =14) and genome resequencing of 38 diploid germplasms spanning 7 I-genome species.

Insights into the impact of feeding with polymers on aerobic granular sludge development and stability: Performance and mechanisms.

In this study, the effect of feeding with polymers on aerobic granular sludge (AGS) formation and stability was comprehensively investigated during 235-day operation. Results showed that the granules developed in starch-fed reactor possessed fluffy surface with overgrowth of granule size, and 60 % flocs were produced in protein-fed reactor, identifying feeding with polymers deteriorated AGS development and stability. Moreover, substrate conversion analysis revealed that ∼ 14 % of the consumed COD was recovered as storage of poly-hydroxybutyrate in polymer-fed reactor, much lower than 63.

Frk positively regulates innate antiviral immunity by phosphorylating TBK1.

Type I interferons (IFN-I) are crucial for the initial defense against viral infections. TBK1 serves as a key regulator in the production of IFN-I, with its phosphorylation being essential for the regulation of its activity. However, the regulatory mechanisms governing its activation remain incompletely elucidated.

Sex-specific effect of maternal pre-pregnancy BMI on neuropsychiatric development of offspring.

Background/objective: Children of overweight and obese mothers had an increased risk of neuropsychiatric problems. It remains unclear if the association varies by child sex. This study aimed to identify the associations between maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and child sex-specific neuropsychiatric development outcomes during childhood.

The Crosstalk with CXCL10-Rich Tumor-Associated Mast Cells Fuels Pancreatic Cancer Progression and Immune Escape.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating disease, necessitating approaches to improve prognosis. As the mediator of allergic process, mast cells have been found in various cancers and are associated with survival. However, the biological behaviors of tumor-associated mast cells (TAMCs) remain unclear.

Core capabilities of Chinese centers for disease control and prevention public health personnel: a network analysis from Northeast China.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the continued inadequacy of the capability of Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) public health personnel to respond effectively to emerging infectious disease outbreaks, as well as the urgent need for specific tools to assess the capability needed by CDC public health personnel in the post-pandemic era. Using network analysis, we aimed to analyze the comprehensive capacities of CDC public health staff and the relationships between these capacities. We also examined the impact of standardized public health training on their capacities and provided actionable recommendations for improving their training and overall capability.