The gut virome in association with the bacteriome in gastrointestinal diseases and beyond: roles, mechanisms, and clinical applications.

The gut virome, an essential component of the intestinal microbiome, constitutes ∼0.1% of the total microbial biomass but contains a far greater number of particles than bacteria, with phages making up 90%-95% of this virome. This review systematically examines the developmental patterns of the gut virome, focusing on factors influencing its composition, including diet, environment, host genetics, and immunity.

Therapeutic Potential of Probiotics: A Review of Their Role in Modulating Inflammation.

Probiotics are characterized as beneficial live microorganisms which, when consumed in sufficient quantities, provide measurable health advantages to the host organism. These beneficial microbes, primarily comprising specific strains of bacteria and yeasts, play a critical role in restoring and maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis, enhancing gastrointestinal health, strengthening immune responses, and exerting systemic physiological effects beyond the digestive tract. This review explores the therapeutic potential of probiotics in managing immune-mediated and inflammatory conditions, with a particular emphasis on their role in reestablishing gastrointestinal equilibrium.

Dietary whey protein protects against Crohn's disease by orchestrating cross-kingdom interaction between the gut phageome and bacteriome.

Background: The gut microbiome and diet are important factors in the pathogenesis and management of Crohn's disease (CD). However, the role of the gut phageome under dietary influences is unknown.

Objective: We aim to explore the effect of diet on the gut phageome-bacteriome interaction linking to CD protection.

Development of xanthone derivatives as effective broad-spectrum antimicrobials: Disrupting cell wall and inhibiting DNA synthesis.

Discovering potent antibiotics is of critical importance due to the substantial increases of microbial resistance. Xanthones are intriguing sources of antimicrobials, despite a scarcity of extensive investigations into their mechanisms of action. Here, we reported the development of a series of xanthone derivatives, among which compound displayed strong broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, weak hemolytic activity, and low cytotoxicity against mammalian cell lines, low frequencies of drug resistance, and potent in vivo efficacy in - or -induced murine corneal infection models.

Bioactive-Enriched Nanovesicles from American Cockroaches Enhance Wound Healing by Promoting Angiogenesis.

Skin trauma often results from pain, swelling, and scarring and can significantly interfere with daily activities. Extracts from the American cockroach, a rapidly reproducing insect, have been recognized for therapeutic properties in wound management. Traditional extraction methods use solvents such as ethanol to obtain the active compounds, but these methods may compromise the intrinsic biological properties of American cockroach extracts.

Corrigendum: Total neoadjuvant therapy based on short-course radiotherapy versus standard long-course chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.

Total neoadjuvant therapy based on short-course radiotherapy versus standard long-course chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: We conducted the meta-analysis to compare the therapeutic effects of total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) based on short-course radiotherapy followed by consolidation chemotherapy (SCRT/CCT) and long-course chemoradiotherapy (LCCRT) for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) according to certain significant randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods: The researchers retrieved several databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, to collect all the relevant literature published since the establishment of the databases until July 30, 2024, and then screened to determine the qualified literature and extracted the relevant information. Finally, RevMan 5.

Development and antimicrobial activity of composite edible films of chitosan and nisin incorporated with perilla essential oil-glycerol monolaurate emulsions.

Aquatic products are highly susceptible to spoilage, and preparing composite edible film with essential oil is an effective solution. In this study, composite edible films were prepared using perilla essential oil (PEO)-glycerol monolaurate emulsions incorporated with chitosan and nisin, and the film formulation was optimized by response surface methodology. These films were applied to ready-to-eat fish balls and evaluated over a period of 12 days.

An immunosensor for the near real-time and site of inflammation detections of multiple proinflammatory cytokines.

Diseases mediated by cytokine storms are often characterized by an overexuberant pace of pathogenesis accompanied by significant morbidity and mortality. Thus, near real-time (NRT) detections via a site-of-inflammation (SOI) sampling of proinflammatory cytokines are essential to ensure a timely and effective treatment of acute inflammations, which up to now, has not been fully possible. In this work, we proposed a novel NRT and SOI immunosensor using ZIF-8 signal amplification together with an off-on strategy.

Novel Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe for Hepatocyte Growth Factor Imaging in Surgical Navigation of Colorectal Cancer.

Despite recent advancements in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment, the prognosis remains unfavorable primarily due to high recurrence and liver metastasis rates. Fluorescence molecular imaging technologies, combined with specific probes, have gained prominence in facilitating real-time tumor resection guided by fluorescence. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is overexpressed in CRC, but the advancement of HGF fluorescent probes has been impeded by the absence of effective HGF-targeting small-molecular ligands.

Preclinical evaluation of AGTR1-Targeting molecular probe for colorectal cancer imaging in orthotopic and liver metastasis mouse models.

Despite advancements in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment, the prognosis remains unfavorable for patients with distant liver metastasis. Fluorescence molecular imaging with specific probes is increasingly used to guide CRC surgical resection in real-time and treatment planning. Here, we demonstrate the targeted imaging capacity of an MPA-PEG-N-Ang II probe labeled with near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dye targeting the angiotensin II (Ang II) type 1 receptor (AGTR1) that is significantly upregulated in CRC.

The EIF3H-HAX1 axis increases RAF-MEK-ERK signaling activity to promote colorectal cancer progression.

Eukaryotic initiation translation factor 3 subunit h (EIF3H) plays critical roles in regulating translational initiation and predicts poor cancer prognosis, but the mechanism underlying EIF3H tumorigenesis remains to be further elucidated. Here, we report that EIF3H is overexpressed in colorectal cancer (CRC) and correlates with poor prognosis. Conditional Eif3h deletion suppresses colorectal tumorigenesis in AOM/DSS model.

CSN6-SPOP-HMGCS1 Axis Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression via YAP1 Activation.

Cholesterol metabolism has important roles in maintaining membrane integrity and countering the development of diseases such as obesity and cancers. Cancer cells sustain cholesterol biogenesis for their proliferation and microenvironment reprograming even when sterols are abundant. However, efficacy of targeting cholesterol metabolism for cancer treatment is always compromised.

eIF3f Mediates SGOC Pathway Reprogramming by Enhancing Deubiquitinating Activity in Colorectal Cancer.

Numerous studies have demonstrated that individual proteins can moonlight. Eukaryotic Initiation translation factor 3, f subunit (eIF3f) is involved in critical biological functions; however, its role independent of protein translation in regulating colorectal cancer (CRC) is not characterized. Here, it is demonstrated that eIF3f is upregulated in CRC tumor tissues and that both Wnt and EGF signaling pathways are participating in eIF3f's oncogenic impact on targeting phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) during CRC development.

FBXW7β loss-of-function enhances FASN-mediated lipogenesis and promotes colorectal cancer growth.

Continuous de novo fatty acid synthesis is required for the biosynthetic demands of tumor. FBXW7 is a highly mutated gene in CRC, but its biological functions in cancer are not fully characterized. Here, we report that FBXW7β, a FBXW7 isoform located in the cytoplasm and frequently mutated in CRC, is an E3 ligase of fatty acid synthase (FASN).

CSN6 Mediates Nucleotide Metabolism to Promote Tumor Development and Chemoresistance in Colorectal Cancer.

Unlabelled: Metabolic reprogramming can contribute to colorectal cancer progression and therapy resistance. Identification of key regulators of colorectal cancer metabolism could provide new approaches to improve treatment and reduce recurrence. Here, we demonstrate a critical role for the COP9 signalosome subunit CSN6 in rewiring nucleotide metabolism in colorectal cancer.

The chromatin remodeler CHD6 promotes colorectal cancer development by regulating TMEM65-mediated mitochondrial dynamics via EGF and Wnt signaling.

Chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein (CHD) family plays critical roles in regulating gene transcription. The family is linked to cancer disease, but the family member's role in tumorigenesis remains largely unknown. Here, we report that CHD6 is highly expressed in colorectal cancer (CRC).

The efficacy and safety of acupoint catgut embedding for peripheral facial paralysis sequela: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Peripheral facial paralysis sequela (PFPS) is a group of sequence syndrome after the acute onset of peripheral facial paralysis. Nearly 70% of patients with peripheral facial paralysis recover completely, but nearly 30% of patients leave multiple sequelae, which have serious negative impacts on the physical and psychological health of patients. Without a high risk of side effect, acupoint catgut embedding (ACE), a common acupuncture therapy, is widely used to treat this disorder.

Predictive value of cadherin-11 for subsequent recurrence and progression in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.

Background: Cadherin-11 (CDH11) is a type II cadherin and reported to function as an oncogene in various cancers. Our present study aims to investigate the role of CDH11 in bladder cancer (BCA).

Methods: Bioinformatics analysis was performed in four independent microarray data including 56 non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and 132 muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) tissues from Gene Expression Omnibus to screen out differentially expressed genes.

Astragaloside exerts anti-photoaging effects in UVB-induced premature senescence of rat dermal fibroblasts through enhanced autophagy.

Background: Astragalus membranaceus is a fundamental herb in Traditional Chinese Medicine and has attracted significant attention due to its anti-inflammatory, and longevity effects. However, its anti-photoaging property remains to be defined. Autophagy plays important roles in regulating cell homeostasis and aging processes.