Gut microbiota, immune cells, and postpartum depression: A mediation Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Recent studies suggest links between the gut microbiome, immune cells, and postpartum depression (PPD), but causal relationships are unclear. This study employed the Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore the causal relationship and mediating effect among the three factors.

Methods: Summary data from genome-wide association studies were analyzed using MR techniques, including inverse variance weighted, weighted median, MR-Egger, simple mode, and weighted mode.

The role of social support and psychological capital in college students' physical exercise behavior: a mediation analysis.

Background: The physical exercise behavior of college students is closely related to their physical and mental health. Research has shown that social support and psychological capital are related to college students' physical exercise behavior, but their correlation needs further exploration.

Objectives: This study seeks to investigate the relationship between social support, psychological capital and university students' physical exercise behavior, with a further in-depth analysis of the mediating roles played by psychological capital within this dynamic.

Vaginal metabolic profiling reveals biomarkers characteristics of high-risk HPV infection and cervical lesions.

Objective: This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers in high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infections and related cervical lesions through the analysis of vaginal metabolic profiles.

Patients And Methods: Forty cervicovaginal secretion samples were collected from healthy individuals, HR-HPV-positive individuals, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion patients, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion patients, and cervical cancer (CC) patients. All samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).

Smartphone video-based early diagnosis of blepharospasm using dual cross-attention modeling enhanced by facial pose estimation.

Blepharospasm is a focal dystonia characterized by involuntary eyelid contractions that impair vision and social function. The subtle clinical signs of blepharospasm make early and accurate diagnosis difficult, delaying timely intervention. In this study, we propose a dual cross-attention deep learning framework that integrates temporal video features and facial landmark dynamics to assess blepharospasm severity, frequency, and diagnosis from smartphone-recorded facial videos.

A Nomogram Based on Immune Inflammation Indicators for Rotaviral Diarrhea in Children Under 5 years Old: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: This study investigates the relationship between immune inflammation indicators and rotaviral-induced diarrhea in children under five years old.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 439 children with diarrhea between January 2022 and December 2023. Clinical and laboratory data were retrospectively collected.

Diverse surgical techniques for laparoscopic transumbilical intraperitoneal suturing of the internal ring in male pediatric patients.

The presence of excessive folds or scar tissue in the inguinal region significantly complicates the intraperitoneal suturing of the internal ring when employing a laparoscopic transumbilical approach for repairing inguinal hernias in male pediatric patients. From January 2020 to March 2024, we utilized three distinct surgical techniques-needle-to-needle suturing, auxiliary suture-assisted suturing, and additional port-assisted suturing-to address the internal ring with excessive folds or scar tissue in 112 male pediatric patients who underwent laparoscopic transumbilical intraperitoneal repair for inguinal hernias at our hospital. For each technique, we recorded the duration of unilateral internal ring suturing as well as instances of bleeding, surgical complications, length of hospital stay, and recurrence rate.

Long-read sequencing transforms the diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia: resolving pseudogene interference and structural variations.

Background: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is an autosomal recessive disorder primarily caused by defects in adrenal steroidogenesis. Conventional genetic methods struggle to resolve complex structural variations and pseudogene interference in key genes like . Our study will evaluate the efficacy of Long-Read Sequencing (LRS) as a comprehensive diagnostic tool for CAH, demonstrating its ability to simultaneously detect large structural variations, single nucleotide variants (SNVs), and small insertions or deletions.

A study on adverse events of botulinum toxin type A in real-world applications: A FAERS database analysis.

Aims: Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) is widely used for its efficacy in treating a variety of neuromuscular disorders. However, data on its safety and adverse events (AEs) in real-world settings remain limited. The Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database provides an invaluable resource for evaluating the safety of BoNT-A.

Interpretable longitudinal glaucoma visual field estimation deep learning system from fundus images and clinical narratives.

Glaucoma is a globally prevalent disease that leads irreversible blindness. The visual field (VF) examination is important but time-consuming for visual function evaluation with high requirement of cooperation and reliability of patients. While color fundus photographs (CFPs) are easy to access.

Cortical integration and control of spontaneous neuropathic pain-like behaviour in mice.

Background: Spontaneous pain is commonly reported in patients with nerve injuries, posing a great challenge to physicians. However, the mechanisms underlying spontaneous pain remain largely unknown in comparison to evoked pain (e.g.

Molecular and clinical characteristics of pediatric patients with primary congenital hypothyroidism: novel genetic variants and the genotype-phenotype association.

Background And Aims: Primary congenital hypothyroidism (CH) was classified into thyroid dysgenesis(TD) and thyroid dyshormonogenesis(TDH) based on pathophysiology, and into permanent CH (PCH) and transient CH (TCH) based on outcomes after age two. Despite progress in identifying pathogenic genes and genetic variants, the genetic characteristics and genotype-phenotype correlations remained insufficiently explored. This study aimed to identify novel variants, assess their pathogenicity, and analyze the correlation between genotype and phenotype.

Efficacy and Safety of Vedolizumab with Glucocorticoids vs Infliximabin Severe Ulcerative Colitis: A Retrospective Study.

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of vedolizumab plus glucocorticoids versus infliximab in severe ulcerative colitis for optimized treatment selection.

Methods: Patients admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Hospital with confirmed diagnosis of ulcerative colitis from January 2020 to December 2022 were collected, and according to the biologics used, the patients were divided into Vedolizumab combined with glucocorticoids group (n = 23) and infliximab group (n = 23). Clinically relevant indicators of the patients were retrospectively analyzed.

Complete biosynthesis of the fungal alkaloid zinnimidine: Biochemical insights into the isoindolinone core formation.

Isoindolinone scaffold is widely presented in bioactive natural products and serves as a fundamental structure in pharmaceutical compounds. However, the key step of the isoindolinone core formation is not well-defined. In this study, we elucidated the complete biosynthetic pathway of the phytotoxic isoindolinone alkaloid zinnimidine, which was isolated from the cultures of various phytopathogenic fungi of the genus Alternaria.

Combined vitamin K and D therapy improves endoscopic fusion outcomes in osteoporotic lumbar degenerative disease: a prospective study.

The efficacy of combined vitamin K and D therapy on bone fusion outcomes following endoscopic lumbar surgery in osteoporotic patients remains unclear. This prospective study investigated the effects of combined vitamin K and D supplementation on fusion outcomes in osteoporotic patients undergoing endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion. Seventy-one patients were divided into two groups: the experimental group (n = 36) received vitamin K (45 mg/day), vitamin D (250 IU/day), and calcium (1.

Bone mesenchymal stem cells based on matric hydrogels attenuate intervertebral disc degeneration by suppressing oxidative stress-induced ferroptosis.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) and its attendant lower back pain are a major medical challenge. Ferroptosis has become a new target for the treatment of IVDD. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising regenerative therapy for IVDD.

A highly sensitive MiRNA detection sensor powered by CRISPR/Cas13a and entropy-driven amplification.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critical regulators of numerous physiological and pathological processes, influencing gene expression and playing essential roles in cellular development, differentiation, and disease progression. Their sensitive and specific detection is vital for advancing biomedical research and clinical diagnostics, particularly for early disease detection and biomarker discovery. However, traditional miRNA detection methods often face significant challenges, such as limited sensitivity, insufficient specificity, and the inability to detect low-abundance miRNAs in complex biological samples.

Discovery of fluorescent and theranostic probes for glycogen synthase kinase-3β in living cells and brain tissues: Detection and imaging in models of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents a progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by complex pathologies. Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) plays a pivotal role in AD pathogenesis, influencing key pathological processes such as hyperphosphorylation of tau and production of amyloid-beta. However, current methods for detecting GSK-3β in living cells and tissues are limited in sensitivity and real-time tracking.

Remimazolam alleviates hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury by activating FOXO1/3 signaling : Remimazolam alleviates hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury.

Background: Hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury (HIRI) frequently gives rise to aggravated liver damage. Currently, there exists a diverse range of anesthetic drugs that possess protective capabilities against ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Nevertheless, the specific functions and underlying mechanisms of remimazolam (RMZL) in HIRI have not been fully elucidated.

Anti-Alzheimer effects of an HDAC6 inhibitor, WY118, alone and in combination of lithium chloride: Synergistic suppression of ferroptosis via the modulation of tau phosphorylation and MAPK signaling.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder, and current therapies mainly offer symptomatic relief. Given that the pathophysiology of AD is multifaceted, a multimodal therapeutic strategy targeting multiple molecular pathways implicated in AD-related pathogenesis represents a pragmatic avenue for impeding the advancement of AD. In this study, we evaluated the anti-Alzheimer effects of an HDAC6 inhibitor WY118, both alone and in combination with lithium chloride (LiCl), a GSK-3β inhibitor, to synergistically suppress ferroptosis.

EGF-Upregulated lncRNA ESSENCE Promotes Colorectal Cancer Growth through Stabilizing CAD and Ferroptosis Defense.

Epidermal growth factor receptor/mitogen-activated protein kinase (EGFR/MAPK) signaling is highly activated in various types of cancer. The long noncoding RNAs induced by this pathway and their roles in colorectal cancer (CRC) have not been fully elucidated. In this study, based on the profiling of long noncoding RNAs triggered by EGFR/MAPK signaling, we identified that ESSENCE (EGF [epidermal growth factor] Signal Sensing CAD's Effect; ENST00000415336), which is mediated by the transcription factor early growth response factor 1, functions as a potent oncogenic molecule that predicts poor prognosis in CRC.

Oral administration of Momordica charantia-derived extracellular vesicles alleviates ulcerative colitis through comprehensive renovation of the intestinal microenvironment.

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), accompanied by intense inflammation, oxidative stress, and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis. Current treatments using chemotherapeutic drugs or immunosuppressants have limited effectiveness and side effects. Therefore, the development of safe, effective, and multi-targeting therapies for IBD is of great importance.

Comparison of Effectiveness of Chinese Association of Operating Room Nurses-Based Nursing Care and Routine Nursing in Reducing Intraoperative Pressure Injury in Patients Undergoing Neurosurgery.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of Chinese Association of Operating Room Nurses (CORN)-based nursing care against that of routine nursing for reducing intraoperative pressure injury (PI) in patients undergoing neurosurgery.

Methods: Convenience sampling was used to select patients who received neurosurgery between March 1, 2022, and June 30, 2022, at a grade A hospital in Zhejiang Province, China, as the study participants (N = 100). Participants were divided into a control group (n = 50) and an observation group (n = 50).

Combined impact of prognostic nutritional index, fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio on surgical outcomes and prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma.

This study evaluated the predictive value of the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) for overall survival in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. A total of 283 HCC cases from Hunan Provincial People's Hospital were included in the analysis, with 45 additional patients as external validation. The relationship between these indices and patient prognosis was further evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis.