First-line benmelstobart plus anlotinib versus sunitinib in advanced renal cell carcinoma (ETER100): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial.

Background: The underexplored potential of PD-L1 blockade in advanced renal cell carcinoma highlights an urgent need for novel agents. This trial aimed to compare benmelstobart (a novel PD-L1 inhibitor) plus anlotinib with sunitinib as first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma.

Methods: ETER100 was a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial conducted at 37 medical sites in China.

A Theoretical Combustion Kinetic Study of Unsymmetrical Dimethylhydrazine: H-Atom Abstraction and Reactions on the Potential Energy Surface of CHN Radicals.

Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) is a widely used hypergolic rocket fuel. It is one of the most commonly used fuels for attitude control engines, such as those in missiles, satellites, spacecraft, and launch vehicles. We conducted a high-level theoretical study to develop a detailed combustion kinetic mechanism for UDMH, focusing on crucial elementary reactions.

The efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapy for girls with central precocious puberty or early normal puberty: a retrospective cohort study.

The Chinese Expert Consensus on central precocious puberty (CPP) defines girls' rapid sexual development before age 8 as CPP; while after age 8 as early normal puberty (ENP). And the use of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) for CPP and ENP is off-label and lacks reliable evidence for clinical practice. This study only included girls due to the low prevalence among boys.

Laser-Ultrasound Responsive Nanoreactor to Remodel the Microenvironment of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacterial Infection for Diabetic Wound Healing.

Diabetic wounds with drug-resistant bacterial infections pose a formidable clinical challenge, which is attributed to adverse microenvironments, including hypoxia, biofilm formation, and insufficient reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS). To overcome these issues, a laser-ultrasound responsive nanoreactor that comprises NO-intercalated and defect-rich CoMn-layered double hydroxide (LDH) on black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets (D-CoMn LDH-NO@BP) is fabricated. It exhibits catalase-like activity for O generation, facilitates NO release under acidic conditions, and promotes ROS/RNS generation upon laser-ultrasound activation, resulting in ferroptosis, biofilm degradation, and hypoxia alleviation for accelerated wound healing.

NamiRNA-Enhancer Network: The Changing Era Challenge and Chance of miRNA.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) systematically orchestrate multiple biological processes via gene regulation in various organisms. Conventionally, miRNAs bind to untranslated regions of mRNAs to modulate gene silencing in the cytoplasm. Recent studies have revealed that a subset of miRNAs located in the nucleus can efficiently activate gene transcription by targeting enhancers, named as Nuclear Activating miRNAs (NamiRNAs).

Association between Ki-67 and clinical outcomes in 324 Chinese patients with resectable acral melanoma.

The relationship between Ki-67 expression and clinical prognosis in patients with resectable acral melanoma (AM) remains unclear. This study explores the prognostic role of Ki-67 in AM using data from 324 patients across five Chinese centers. Patients were divided into low Ki-67 expression and high Ki-67 expression groups based on pathological reports.

Topochemical photocycloaddition in two-dimensional lead-halide coordination polymers with tunable phosphorescence.

Topochemical transformation in which the parent structural motifs are preserved has become a powerful strategy to access new advanced materials. Solid-state topochemical conversion in a single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SCSC) fashion is particularly attractive as it provides design principles with unequivocal structural details. Here, we report a series of two-dimensional (2D) lead-halide coordination polymers with bipyridyl ethylene (bpe) ligands that can undergo quantitative SCSC [2 + 2] photocycloaddition.

Vaginal metabolic profiling reveals biomarkers characteristics of high-risk HPV infection and cervical lesions.

Objective: This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers in high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infections and related cervical lesions through the analysis of vaginal metabolic profiles.

Patients And Methods: Forty cervicovaginal secretion samples were collected from healthy individuals, HR-HPV-positive individuals, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion patients, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion patients, and cervical cancer (CC) patients. All samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).

Dissection of surface area-dependent lipolysis at a single organelle level.

Lipid droplets are dynamic organelles whose size and number signify their role in energy. However, owing to cellular heterogeneity and technological limitations, the relationship between the lipolytic ability and lipid droplet morphology is unclear. Here, we developed a live-cell imaging assay using geometric analysis to quantify cellular lipolysis at a single organelle level, designated imaging lipolysis.

Comparison of combined femoral nail and plate fixation versus dual plate fixation in the treatment of AO/OTA 33C distal femoral fractures.

This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of retrograde intramedullary nailing combined with a lateral locking plate versus dual plating (medial and lateral locking plates) in the treatment of AO/OTA 33C distal femoral fractures. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 78 patients treated between June 2017 and December 2022. Patients were divided into two groups: the nail-plate group (n = 42) and the dual-plate group (n = 36).

Considering compound drought and heatwave events significantly improve forest pest occurrence prediction.

Background: The increasing frequency of compound drought and heatwave events (CDHWs) under global climate change has heightened the risk of forest pest outbreaks; however, precise quantitative assessments remain scarce. This study analyzed city-level forest pest incidence in China from 2003 to 2018 and utilized multiple machine learning models to quantify the impacts of droughts, heatwaves, and CDHWs on forest pest dynamics.

Results: The findings reveal that forest pest incidence exhibits a clear spatial pattern in China, with higher rates in the east and lower rates in the west, distinctly separated by the Hu Line.

Pharmacotherapy for children with central precocious puberty or early puberty: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The intervention of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist or in combination with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) is still controversial for children with central precocious puberty (CPP) or early puberty (EP). This study aimed to systematically review and compare the efficacy and safety of current therapeutic regimens for CPP or EP based on different timings of intervention.

Methods: We searched 7 databases and 2 registers for available studies from inception until December 2023.

Transcriptomic analysis unveils critical genes governing early development and sex differentiation in the Cipangopaludina chinensis (Gastropoda: Viviparidae).

The Cipangopaludina chinensis is a freshwater species of great economic value in the class Gastropoda. The research on the development of the larvae of this species and the subsequent sex differentiation mechanism is extremely limited. This study conducted transcriptome analysis on C.

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) microplastics induced male reproductive toxicity in mice by activating the p38-MAPK pathway.

Microplastics are widespread environmental pollutants that can easily enter the bodies of living organisms through various means, arousing extensive concern. However, research regarding the influence of polyethylene terephthalate microplastics (PET-MPs) on the mammalian reproductive system is limited. This study explored the mechanisms by which PET-MPs induce reproductive toxicity in male mice.

Exploring the role of social media in mathematics learning: effects on self-efficacy, interest, and self-regulation.

Background: Social media's integration into education prompts exploration of its effects on mathematics learning outcomes. While Mathematics Learning with Social Media (MLSM) can create engaging environments, its impact on key factors such as mathematics self-efficacy (MathSE), mathematics interest (MathI), and self-regulation in mathematics learning (SR) remains underexplored. This study investigates the direct and indirect effects of MLSM on these variables to enhance mathematics education.

Epidemiological Patterns, Treatment Response, and Metabolic Correlations of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: A United States-Based Study From 1990 to 2024.

Introduction: Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH) presents an increasing health burden with changing demographic patterns. We studied nationwide trends in IIH epidemiology, treatment patterns, and associated outcomes using a large-scale database analysis within the United States (US).

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis using the TriNetX US Collaborative Network database (1990-2024).

Improving Pressure Steam Sterilization Quality Through Healthcare Failure Mode and Effects Analysis: A Pre-Post Intervention Study in Central Sterile Supply Departments.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of Healthcare Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (HFMEA) in reducing quality defects during pressure steam sterilization in the Central Sterile Supply Department (CSSD).

Methods: The study followed a structured HFMEA framework: (1) A multidisciplinary team (n=7) with CSSD expertise was established to analyze sterilization workflows, including instrument scanning, sterilization verification, and post-sterilization cooling. (2) Process mapping and risk prioritization were conducted using a 4-level severity/occurrence matrix (adapted from Australian clinical risk criteria) to calculate Risk Priority Numbers (RPN=Severity×Occurrence).

ORP2 regulates free cholesterol accumulation in hepatocytes during MASH.

Background: Cholesterol crystals in hepatocytes are known to strongly associate with human metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis. However, it remains unclear which molecular pathway(s) regulates free cholesterol accumulation and the formation of cholesterol crystals in hepatocytes. In cultured cell lines, oxysterol-binding protein-related protein 2 (ORP2) functions to deliver cholesterol to the plasma membrane from endosomal compartments.

The impact of a love language game intervention on relationship satisfaction among Chinese couples in China and Malaysia: examining the role of individualism-collectivism.

Background: Relationship satisfaction is crucial for the well-being and longevity of romantic relationships. Although love language interventions have demonstrated positive effects on relationship satisfaction, most research has focused on Western contexts. This study investigates the impact of a Love Language Game intervention on relationship satisfaction among Chinese couples in China and Malaysia and examines the role of individualism-collectivism in determining the intervention's effectiveness.

Construction of a risk model based on m5C-associated lncRNAs to predict the prognosis in renal cell carcinoma.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common tumors of the urinary system, and its outcomes vary widely among individuals, primarily due to different molecular characteristics. Both 5-methylcytosine (m5C) methylation and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in the epigenetics of RCC and may serve as biomarkers for predicting prognosis. Clinical information and transcriptome data of patients with RCC were extracted from the The Cancer Genome Atlas database.

Characterization and functional analysis of the gene family in peanut ( L.).

β-Amylase (BAM) is a kind of amylase in plants and microorganisms, which plays an important role in regulating plant growth and development and stress response. This study conducted a genome-wide identification and analysis of the BAM gene family in peanuts, identifying a total of 18 genes. The encoded proteins exhibited significant variations in length, molecular weight, and isoelectric points, with primary localization in chloroplasts and nuclei.

PI(4)P recruits CIDE proteins to promote the formation of unilocular lipid droplets during adipogenesis and hepatic steatosis.

Lipid droplets (LDs) are evolutionarily conserved organelles that play important roles in metabolism. Each LD is enclosed by a monolayer of phospholipids, distinct from bilayer membranes. The composition of LD surface phospholipids and their impact on LD growth and function remain to be defined.

Modified plate-nail fixation for periprosthetic distal femur fractures following total knee arthroplasty in elderly patients - A technical note.

The global rise in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), driven by an aging population, has led to an increased incidence of periprosthetic fractures (PPFs). Dual implants for distal femur periprosthetic fractures (PDFFs) are a growing area of interest for these challenging fractures with dual plating (DP) and plate-retrograde femoral intramedullary nail (PN) emerging as viable constructs for these injuries. However, dual implants have inherent limitations.

Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy: A Critical Regulator of Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration.

Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), are characterized by hallmark pathological features such as the accumulation of misfolded proteins and neuroinflammation. Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), a selective lysosomal pathway, facilitates the degradation of proteins containing KFERQ-like motifs via the receptor lysosome-associated membrane protein type 2A (LAMP2A). In the recent review, the pivotal role of CMA in regulating proteostasis and modulating inflammatory responses is highlighted.

Leaf economic strategies drive global variation in phosphorus stimulation of terrestrial plant production.

Plant biomass and its allocation are fundamental for understanding biospheric matter production. However, the impacts of atmospheric phosphorus (P) deposition on species-specific biomass and its allocation in global terrestrial plants remain unclear. By synthesizing 5548 observations of plant biomass and its allocation related to P addition worldwide, we find that P addition increases plant biomass by an average of 35% globally.