Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) microplastics induced male reproductive toxicity in mice by activating the p38-MAPK pathway.

Microplastics are widespread environmental pollutants that can easily enter the bodies of living organisms through various means, arousing extensive concern. However, research regarding the influence of polyethylene terephthalate microplastics (PET-MPs) on the mammalian reproductive system is limited. This study explored the mechanisms by which PET-MPs induce reproductive toxicity in male mice.

Global mortality, prevalence and disability-adjusted life years of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias in adults aged 60 years or older, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: a comprehensive analysis for the global burden of disease 2021.

Objective: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementias are major public health concerns with an increasing global impact. The burden of these conditions varies by region, age, and gender, and the COVID-19 pandemic has further exacerbated these disparities, potentially influencing disease prevalence, mortality, and disability burden. This study aimed to assess the global and regional burden and trends of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias in adults aged 60 years or older from 1990 to 2021, with a particular focus on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mortality, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years.

Dual-mode DNA nano-stage biosensing platform for efficient detection of uracil-DNA glycosylase activity in cells.

Analyzing uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG) activity is essential for understanding DNA repair mechanisms in disease progression and treatment. This study presents a dual-mode DNA nano-stage biosensing platform integrating electrochemiluminescence (ECL) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for highly sensitive and specific UDG detection. A DNA-prism-modified electrode immobilizes UDG-responsive elements, forming a stable and efficient detection interface.

Estimating water scarcity risks under climate change: A provincial perspective in China.

Water is a crucial raw material in economic production activities. Research indicates that water scarcity can lead to significant economic output losses (water scarcity risk, WSR), affecting not only the local area (referred to as local water scarcity risk, LWSR) but also causing economic losses to other regions through trade networks (referred to as virtual water scarcity risk, VWSR). With climate change exacerbating this challenge, understanding the water scarcity risk under changing climatic conditions is essential.

Signal-on aptasensors on paper-based platform: Application of multilayer MXene nanoquencher and stabilized luminescent carbon dots.

Antibiotics are emerging hazardous small molecules, requiring urgent need for fast signal-on analytical methods to control antibiotic abuse. Signal-on fluorescence sensing strategies utilizing nanoquenchers and aptamers are fascinating but rarely accomplished on paper-based platforms. Here, a novel multilayer MXene sensing platform was established by leveraging NbC-MXene as a multilayer nanoquencher and zero-dimensional carbon dots-labeled aptamer (B-CDs@Apt) as a stable and bright recognition probe.

Nano-Enhanced Phase Reinforced Magnesium Matrix Composites: A Review of the Matrix, Reinforcement, Interface Design, Properties and Potential Applications.

Magnesium matrix composites are essential lightweight metal matrix composites, following aluminum matrix composites, with outstanding application prospects in automotive, aerospace lightweight and biomedical materials because of their high specific strength, low density and specific stiffness, good casting performance and rich resources. However, the inherent low plasticity and poor fatigue resistance of magnesium hamper its further application to a certain extent. Many researchers have tried many strengthening methods to improve the properties of magnesium alloys, while the relationship between wear resistance and plasticity still needs to be further improved.

A Ratiometric Biosensor Containing Manganese Dioxide Nanosheets and Nitrogen-Doped Quantum Dots for 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Monitoring.

Nanomaterials are desirable for sensing applications. Therefore, MnO nanosheets and nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NCDs) were used to construct a ratiometric biosensor for quantification of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. The MnO nanosheets drove the oxidation of colorless o-phenylenediamine to OPDox, which exhibits fluorescence emission peaks at 556 nm.

N-doped molybdenum oxide quantum dots as fluorescent probes for the quantitative detection of copper ions in environmental samples.

A novel, sensitive, and selective fluorescence sensor based on N-doped Mo oxide quantum dots (N-MoOx QDs) was fabricated for the detection of Cu ions in water. The presence of Cu induced dynamic fluorescence quenching of the N-MoOx QDs. The sensing conditions were optimized to enhance selectivity and sensitivity.

The Role of Lithium in the Aging Precipitation Process of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloys and Its Effect on the Properties.

It is well known that the development of lightweight alloys with improved comprehensive performance and application value are the future development directions for the ultra-high-strength 7xxx series Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys used in the aircraft field. As the lightest metal element in nature, lithium (Li) has outstanding advantages in reducing the density and increasing the elastic modulus in aluminum alloys, so Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys containing Li have gained widespread attention. Furthermore, since the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy is usually strengthened by aging treatment, it is crucial to understand how Li addition affects its aging precipitation process.

Neiella litorisoli sp. nov., an alginate lyase: producing bacterium from South China Sea, and proposal of Echinimonadaceae fam. nov. in the order Alteromonadales.

A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, designated HB171785, was isolated from soil sample collected from Qishui Bay, Hainan, China. The strain grew optimally at pH 7-8, 37-40 °C and with NaCl 3-4%. The predominant isoprenoid quinone was found to be Q-8 and the major fatty acids were C, C ω7c/C ω6c, C ω7c/C ω6c and C 3OH.

Gastrodia elata Blume: A review of its mechanisms and functions on cardiovascular systems.

Gastrodia elata Blume (GEB), commonly called Tianma in Chinese, is a valuable and extensively used herbal Traditional Chinese Medicine with a wide range of clinical applications. It has been used to treat headaches, dizziness, stroke, epilepsy, amnesia, spasm, and other disorders since ancient times. Hundreds of compounds, including phenols, glycosides, polysaccharides, steroids, organic acids, and others, have been isolated and identified from this plant.

Quantitative Visual Detection of Mercury Ions With Ratiometric Fluorescent Test Paper Sensor.

A novel ratiometric fluorescence probe based on nitrogen-doped blue carbon dots (NCDs) and red gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) for mercuric ion (Hg2+) has been prepared and characterized. A user friendly fluorescent test paper based sensor combined with smartphone was fabricated for rapid visual and quantitative detection. Hg can specifically bind to Au on the surface of Au NCs, leading to the quench of red fluorescence while the fluorescence intensity of the NCDs with blue fluorescence remained unchanged as a internal standard signal.

Changes in the circRNA expression profile of PC12 cells induced by TDCIPP exposure may regulate the downstream NF-κB pathway via the Traf2 gene.

As a commonly used organophosphorus flame retardant (OPFR), tris (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) has become an environmental pollutant. Studies have shown that TDCIPP exposure has many toxic effects, such as neurotoxicity, reproductive development toxicity and endocrine disturbance. CircRNAs are circular noncoding RNAs that have been found to play important roles in the occurrence of a variety of diseases.

Effects of fast food packaging plasticizers and their metabolites on steroid hormone synthesis in H295R cells.

The health risks of exposure to plasticizers have received widespread attention, however, little is known about the effects of fast food packaging plasticizers on steroid hormone synthesis. In the present study, the types and migration of plasticizers in some commonly used fast-food packaging materials were detected by GC-MS, and the interference effects of these plasticizers and their metabolites on steroid hormone synthesis in the human body were evaluated by the H295R steroidogenesis assay. The GC-MS results showed that the main plasticizer compounds that migrated from fast food packaging into food were di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA).

MiR-214 prevents the progression of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by targeting PD-L1.

Objective: We explored the role and mechanism of miR-214 involvement in the progression of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).

Methods: The expression levels of miR-214 and PD-L1 in human DLBCL cell lines and in tissue samples from patients with DLBCL were determined using quantitative RT-PCR. The dual-luciferase reporter assay was employed to determine the correlation between the expressions of miR-214 and PD-L1.

Compartmentalized biosynthesis of mycophenolic acid.

Mycophenolic acid (MPA) from filamentous fungi is the first natural product antibiotic to be isolated and crystallized, and a first-line immunosuppressive drug for organ transplantations and autoimmune diseases. However, some key biosynthetic mechanisms of such an old and important molecule have remained unclear. Here, we elucidate the MPA biosynthetic pathway that features both compartmentalized enzymatic steps and unique cooperation between biosynthetic and β-oxidation catabolism machineries based on targeted gene inactivation, feeding experiments in heterologous expression hosts, enzyme functional characterization and kinetic analysis, and microscopic observation of protein subcellular localization.

[Effects of soybean isoflavones on the energy metabolism of swimming mice].

Objective: To establish an animal model for loaded swimming, so as to investigate the energy metabolism effects of soybean isoflavones (SI) on swimming mice.

Methods: Thirty male Kunming mice were randomly divided into three groups:normal control, swimming group, and swimming+SI group. The normal control group mice were fed a basic AIN-93M diet, the SI groups were supplied with soybean isoflavones(4 g/kg).

In vitro reconstitution of the cyclosporine specific P450 hydroxylases using heterologous redox partner proteins.

The cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) CYP-sb21 from Sebekia benihana and CYP-pa1 from Pseudonocardia autotrophica are able to hydroxylate the immunosuppressant cyclosporin A (CsA) in a regioselective manner, giving rise to the production of two hair-stimulating agents (with dramatically attenuated immunosuppressant activity), γ-hydroxy-N-methyl-L-Leu4-CsA (CsA-4-OH) and γ-hydroxy-N-methyl-L-Leu9-CsA (CsA-9-OH). Recently, the in vitro activity of CYP-sb21 was identified using several surrogate redox partner proteins. Herein, we reconstituted the in vitro activity of CYP-pa1 for the first time via a similar strategy.

Design and evaluation of novel glutaminase inhibitors.

A novel set of GAC (kidney glutaminase isoform C) inhibitors able to inhibit the enzymatic activity of GAC and the growth of the triple negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells with low nanomolar potency is described. Compounds in this series have a reduced number of rotatable bonds, improved ClogPs, microsomal stability and ligand efficiency when compared to the leading GAC inhibitors BPTES and CB-839. Property improvements were achieved by the replacement of the flexible n-diethylthio or the n-butyl moiety present in the leading inhibitors by heteroatom substituted heterocycloalkanes.

[Statistical analysis of papers in Chinese Journal of Applied Physiology from 2009 to 2013].

Objective: To analyze the status and papers information of Chinese Journal of Applied Physiology, and provide a guide for authors, readers and editing staffs.

Methods: We retrieved papers of Chinese Journal of Applied Physiology from 2009 to 2013 from CNKI, and performed a statistical analysis of papers information contained in the text using bibliometrics method. Papers information such as document type, found support, author affiliation type, and discipline classification, etc.

Expression of the coxsackie and adenovirus receptor in human lung cancers.

The aim of this study is to elucidate the relation between expression of coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR) and formation of lung cancer. We investigated the expression of CAR by immunohistochemistry, Western blot and real-time RT-PCR in 120 lung cancers. We found that CAR expression in tumor tissues was significantly higher than that in normal lung tissues.