Conventional, time-dependent, and continuous-time random-walk diffusion-weighted imaging models in microstructural characterization of breast lesions at 3.0T: A prospective analysis.

Background: Advanced diffusion models have been introduced to improve characterization of tissue microstructure in breast cancer assessment.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of monoexponential apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), time-dependent diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (td-dMRI), and the Continuous-Time Random-Walk (CTRW) diffusion model for differentiating breast lesions and predicting Ki-67 expression levels.

Methods: Fifty-three consecutive patients with suspected breast lesions undergoing preoperative MRI were enrolled in this prospective investigation.

Out-of-Office Blood Pressure Measurements in Patients with Heart Failure Registry Study (OOBPM-HF study) in China: study protocol, rationale and design.

Background: The optimal blood pressure (BP) target for patients with heart failure (HF) remains a topic of debate. The relationship between out-of-office BP measurements and the prognosis of HF patients is still unclear. However, there is a lack of large-scale studies investigating out-of-office BP levels in Chinese populations with HF.

Linarin and Hyperoside Inhibit lptD/msbA to Disrupt Membranes of Multidrug-Resistant .

Against the backdrop of rising multidrug-resistant (MDR AB) threats, this study explores the in vitro antibacterial activity and mechanism of (a Miao ethnic medicinal herb) crude extract. Using 10 clinical MDR AB strains, we reassessed antibiotic sensitivity and then applied microbroth dilution to determine MIC/MBC, time-kill curves for bactericidal kinetics, and SEM/TEM for structural changes. Proteomics identified downregulated proteins, cross-referenced with VFDB/CARD to target membrane-related proteins (msbA, lptD), while molecular docking validated the strong binding of linarin/hyperoside to these targets.

Female light capture is shaped by juvenile hormone-mediated post-mating behavior in the diamondback moth.

Background: Post-mating behavioral changes are crucial for optimizing female reproductive success in insects, frequently resulting in shifts in both physiology and behavior. In moths, light traps typically capture more mated females than unmated ones; however, the mechanisms driving this discrepancy remain unclear.

Results: In this study, we examined how mating status influences female light capture in the diamondback moth (DBM; Plutella xylostella).

Molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of lumpy skin disease virus in Yunnan Province, China from 2019 to 2023.

The lumpy skin disease (LSD), caused by the lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), represents an emerging infectious disease that poses substantial economic losses to the cattle industries in China. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of LSDV in Yunnan Province, Southwest China, from 2019 to 2023. A Taqman-probe-based real-time PCR (qPCR) assay was developed for the molecular detection of LSDV nucleotides.

Oral virome metagenomic catalog links Porphyromonas gingivalis phages to obesity and type 2 diabetes.

The human microbiota has a critical role in maintaining human microbiome homeostasis and health, yet the viral component of the oral microbiome remains largely unidentified. We establish the Human Oral Virome Database (HOVD) catalog, a freely accessible online resource cataloging 24,440 bacteriophage viral operational taxonomic units and 83 eukaryotic viral genomes. Utilizing HOVD, we investigate oral virome variation and its correlation with oral bacteria and gut virome in 220 obese individuals with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D).

Fecal immunochemical test surveillance in colorectal cancer following adenoma resection: A longitudinal, population-based linked cohort study in China.

Background: Although the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is widely utilized in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening because of its noninvasive, rapid, and cost-effective characteristics, its effectiveness in post-adenoma resection surveillance remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the benefits of follow-up FIT surveillance in individuals with adenoma resection and to identify risk factors associated with adenoma recurrence.

Methods And Findings: As part of China's National Screening Project, we identified a total of 5,911 individuals who underwent adenoma removal during the first round of CRC screening in Jiashan and Haining between 2006 and 2021.

Metabolite Fusion between Breath and Blood Enables More In-Depth Understanding of the Endogenous Metabolome.

Blood is a widely used sample type in metabolomics but often loses volatile compounds during analysis. In contrast, exhaled breath offers a noninvasive and complementary matrix that retains these volatiles. However, the accuracy of metabolite identification in breath remains a key challenge.

MVSO-PPIS: A Structured Objective Learning Model for Protein-Protein Interaction Sites Prediction via Multi-View Graph Information Integration.

Motivation: Predicting protein-protein interaction (PPI) sites is essential for advancing our understanding of protein interactions, as accurate predictions can significantly reduce experimental costs and time. While considerable progress has been made in identifying binding sites at the level of individual amino acid residues, the prediction accuracy for residue subsequences at transitional boundaries-such as those represented by patterns like singular structures (mutation characteristics of contiguous interacting-residue segments) or edge structures (boundary transitions between Interacting/non-Interacting residue segments) still requires improvement.

Results: we propose a novel PPI site prediction method named MVSO-PPIS.

Alphappimi: a comprehensive deep learning framework for predicting PPI-modulator interactions.

Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) regulate essential biological processes through complex interfaces, with their dysfunction is associated with various diseases. Consequently, the identification of PPIs and their interface-targeting modulators has emerged as a critical therapeutic approach. However, discovering modulators that target PPIs and PPI interfaces remains challenging as traditional structure-similarity-based methods fail to effectively characterize PPI targets, particularly those for which no active compounds are known.

Comparative efficacy of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in preventing postoperative macular edema following cataract surgery: a systematic review and Network Meta-analysis.

Aim: To assess and rank the efficacy of various non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in preventing postoperative macular edema (PME) after cataract surgery.

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing different NSAIDs and control treatments for the prevention of PME were included.

Amending intensively fertilized soils with manure for 40 years increases inorganic and organic phosphorus pools and promotes microbe-mediated phosphorus mobilization.

Soil phosphorus (P) pools are affected by the quantity and quality of fertilizer applications, with phosphatases produced by soil microbes playing an important role in the transformation of organic P. In this study, the effect of different fertilization practices on soil P forms, microbial community and mineralization processes was investigated in a long-term field experiment in northeast China (initiated in 1979). P K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge and Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing, soil phosphatase activity (acid, alkaline and neutral phosphomonoesters) and soil chemical properties were analyzed to determine the processes and main factors influencing P transformations with different levels of organic P addition.

Extracellular matrix stiffness reduces DNA 6 ma level to facilitate colorectal cancer progression via disrupting P53 binding to CDKN1A promoter.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) forms the primary scaffold of the tumor microenvironment, with matrix stiffness serving as a critical physical cue that modulates cancer progression. However, the impact of matrix stiffness on colorectal cancer (CRC) progression remains elusive. This study aimed to elucidate the role of substrate stiffness in regulating DNA N6-methyladenine (6 mA) modifications and their association with CRC progression.

Estimates of global, regional, and national incidence of Hodgkin lymphoma attributable to Human Immunodeficiency virus: A population attributable modeling study.

Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is one of the prevalent non-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related tumors in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH). This study investigates the risk of HL among PLWH and the global incidence of HL associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A meta-analysis was conducted to examine the association between HIV infection and HL, utilizing HIV prevalence data from Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS and pooled relative risk (RR) to calculate the population attributable fraction.

Fining Crystal Facet and Oxygen Vacancy Engineering of Bifunctional BiOBr Facilitates Excellent Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution and Phenol Hydroxylation.

The most cost-effective and environmentally benign method of producing hydrogen fuel from water is solar-driven hydrogen production, using efficient photocatalysts with low-energy photons. Engineering such a photocatalyst remains highly challenging. In this work, BiOBr(001) and BiOBr(010) nanosheets were synthesized using the hydrothermal method.

The effects of permissive hypercapnia on regional cerebral oxygen saturation and postoperative delirium in obese patients undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgery: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of permissive hypercapnia on regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO2) in obese patients undergoing sleeve gastrectomy and its association with the development of delirium.

Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 83 patients undergoing elective laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy were randomly divided into two groups. Respiratory parameters were adjusted to achieve the target PaCO2 in each group by pressure-controlled ventilation-volume guaranteed (PCV-VG) mode.

Antiviral RNA interference in plants: increasing complexity and intertwining with other biological processes.

RNA interference (RNAi, also known as RNA silencing) is one of the most important plant defense responses to combat viral invasions. Although the major components of the RNAi pathway, the steps leading to viral small interference RNA (siRNA) biogenesis, and the strategies of viral counter-defense via RNAi suppressors have been well studied, the broader roles of RNAi in virus infection and seed transmission remain less thoroughly reviewed. In particular, the increasing complexity of RNAi-associated mechanisms and their integration with other biological processes have not been comprehensively summarized.

The STUB1-TPIT axis regulates the secretion of adrenocorticotrophic hormone in cushing disease.

Background: Cushing's disease (CD) is a clinical syndrome caused by excessive secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from a pituitary corticotroph adenoma, resulting in adrenal cortical hyperplasia and overproduction of cortisol. The T-box transcription factor (TPIT) is crucial for regulating ACTH secretion in pituitary corticotroph adenomas. This study aims to explore the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of TPIT and identify potential pharmaceutical agents for treating CD.

Unveiling CTRB2, RSPO3, KLOTB, and ROR1 as obesity-pancreatic disease association proteins: a comprehensive Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Obesity is recognized as a prominent contributing factor for pancreatic diseases; however, the mechanisms remain elusive. We aimed to identify the mediating role of circulating proteins in these associations.

Methods: A two-step Mendelian randomization (MR) was conducted to investigate associations between nine obesity indicators, thousands of circulating proteins, with three pancreatic diseases (acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, and pancreatic carcinoma).

Construction of magnesium-molybdenum-phosphorus multi-component flame retardant and its performance in flexible PVC composites.

To address the high flammability and toxic smoke emission of flexible PVC (fPVC), a magnesium-molybdenum-phosphorus multi-component flame retardant (MO@MH-PEPE) was constructed by surface-modifying self-synthesized molybdenum oxide-hybridized magnesium hydroxide (MO@MH) with phenolic epoxy phosphate ester (PEPE). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the chemical grafting of PEPE onto MO@MH P-O-Mg bonds, enhancing interfacial compatibility. When incorporated into fPVC, the fPVC/MO@MH-PEPE composite exhibited superior flame retardancy and smoke suppression: limiting oxygen index (LOI) increased to 32.

A Multicenter Study of Acute Abdomen in Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: CCCG-ALL-2015.

Objective: Acute abdomen presents a significant challenge in the treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), potentially leading to treatment failure and treatment-related mortality. Results from the multicenter study of CCCG-ALL-2015 showed significant improvements in overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) for childhood ALL. However, the primary aim of this study was to determine the incidence, risk factors, and clinical impact of acute abdomen in the CCCG-ALL-2015 protocol, with the ultimate goal in the future of establishing evidence-based preventive strategies to reduce its occurrence.

Post-COVID-19 multimorbidity incidence by prior vaccination status in people with a pre-existing comorbidity: A population-based cohort study.

Background: Long-term health consequences of COVID-19, particularly among individuals with pre-existing chronic diseases, are not fully understood. This study investigates whether SARS-CoV-2 infection increases the risk of developing multimorbidity (≥2 chronic conditions) and evaluates protective effects of vaccination.

Methods: We analyzed territory-wide electronic health records from Hong Kong, linking Hospital Authority data with COVID-19 infection and vaccination records from the Department of Health.

Collaborative surgical instrument segmentation for monocular depth estimation in minimally invasive surgery.

Depth estimation is essential for image-guided surgical procedures, particularly in minimally invasive environments where accurate 3D perception is critical. This paper proposes a two-stage self-supervised monocular depth estimation framework that incorporates instrument segmentation as a task-level prior to enhance spatial understanding. In the first stage, segmentation and depth estimation models are trained separately on the RIS, SCARED datasets to capture task-specific representations.

Dissecting the heterogeneity and tumor-associated dynamics of human liver group I ILC via scRNA sequencing data.

Single-cell transcriptome analysis has made outstanding contributions to the identification of new cell lineages and the study of cancer immune microenvironment. Yet, the characterization of human liver type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1s) and their dynamic changes in the tumor microenvironment have not been thoroughly studied at this detailed level. Here, we performed an integrated analysis of mouse and human liver immune cells to identify human liver ILC1s based on identified mouse liver ILC1s and to verify its functional similarity.