Effects of red and blue light on photosynthetic carbon assimilation and growth-development in plants: A review.

Red and blue light are the primary spectra absorbed by photosynthetic pigments in plants. Through the signal pathways mediated by phytochromes (PHY) and cryptochromes (CRY)/phototropins (PHOT), they coope-ratively regulate photosynthetic carbon assimilation, and plant growth and development. We reviewed the regulatory mechanisms of red and blue light on photosynthetic characteristics and plant growth and development.

Analysis of the value of novel inflammatory indicators derived from complete blood count in predicting for pertussis in children.

Objective: Inflammatory indicators derived from complete blood count (CBC) have been shown to exhibit substantial clinical utility across a broad spectrum of infectious and inflammatory conditions, this study aimed to explore the potential value of CBC-derived inflammatory indicators in predicting for pertussis in children.

Methods: CBC parameters of all the participants included in this study were collected. The CBC-derived inflammatory indicators evaluated included the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), [neutrophil + monocyte]-to-lymphocyte ratio (NMLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI).

Dermatan Sulfate: Structure, Biosynthesis, and Biological Roles.

Dermatan sulfate (DS) is a remarkably versatile glycosaminoglycan that plays critical roles across a wide array of biological processes. Its unique structure, characterized by repeating disaccharide units of -acetyl-D-galactosamine (GalNAc) and Iduronic acid (IdoA) with variable sulfation patterns, enables it to interact with numerous biomolecules. These interactions mediate diverse functions, including the organization of the extracellular matrix, promotion of wound healing, and modulation of cancer progression.

Anesthesia management for lung transplant in children with obliterated bronchiolitis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a single-center experience.

Background: Lung transplantation (LTx) is the definitive treatment for patients with end-stage lung diseases, but its application in pediatrics is limited by donor scarcity and surgical complexity. There is a general lack of experience and consensus on anesthetic management during LTx in children with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS). We summarized the data of children undergoing LTx with BOS after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine (SAHZU) to devise an anesthetic management strategy and describe practical experience.

Topochemical photocycloaddition in two-dimensional lead-halide coordination polymers with tunable phosphorescence.

Topochemical transformation in which the parent structural motifs are preserved has become a powerful strategy to access new advanced materials. Solid-state topochemical conversion in a single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SCSC) fashion is particularly attractive as it provides design principles with unequivocal structural details. Here, we report a series of two-dimensional (2D) lead-halide coordination polymers with bipyridyl ethylene (bpe) ligands that can undergo quantitative SCSC [2 + 2] photocycloaddition.

Tuning the visible circularly polarized luminescence in highly emissive chiral terbium and europium chlorides.

Chiral hybrid metal halides have become increasingly popular due to their high structural tunability and exceptional optoelectronic properties. Incorporating rare-earth (RE) metals into the structural units and inheriting their pure emission characteristics are of great interest and importance. Here, we report two pairs of new isostructural chiral hybrid RE chlorides based on RE metals Tb and Eu, crystallizing in the non-centrosymmetric space group 222.

Massively parallel characterization of non-coding de novo mutations in autism spectrum disorder.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder where de novo mutations play a significant role. Although coding mutations in ASD have been extensively characterized, the impact of non-coding de novo mutations (ncDNMs) remains less understood. Here, we integrate cortex cell-specific cis-regulatory element annotations, a deep learning-based variant prediction model, and massively parallel reporter assays to systematically evaluate the functional impact of 227,878 ncDNMs from Simons Simplex Collection (SSC) and Autism Speaks MSSNG resource (MSSNG) cohorts.

Unraveling the impact of sulfur species in the FeS layer on thallium (I) removal by sulfidized nanoscale zero-valent iron.

Thallium (Tl) is a highly toxic pollutant to mammals, and its removal from industrial wastewater has emerged as a critical environmental challenge. Although sulfidized nanoscale zero-valent iron (S-nZVI) is widely regarded as an effective adsorbent for heavy metals, its effectiveness in removing Tl(I) from wastewater remains unclear. In this work, four S-nZVI samples were synthesized using different post-sulfidation methods, and their Tl(I) removal performances were evaluated and compared.

Fluid management during pediatric lung transplantation: a single-center experience.

Background: The impact of intraoperative fluid balance on postoperative outcomes in pediatric lung transplantation (LTx) has not been conclusively established. This study aimed to investigate the effect of fluid balance on postoperative outcomes in pediatric LTx, while also sharing insights from our clinical experiences in fluid management.

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of children who underwent LTx from July 2019 to August 2023.

Comprehensive Characterization of Somatic Mutation Timing Reveals the Evolutionary Trajectory of Lung Adenocarcinoma in Chinese Patients.

Unlabelled: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a heterogeneous disease with substantial genomic differences between individuals of Chinese and European ancestries. Deciphering the timing of driver mutations may lead to insights into tumor evolution that can inform diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for LUAD. In this study, we conducted whole-genome sequencing on LUAD samples from 251 patients with Chinese ancestry to reconstruct the evolutionary trajectories of somatic alterations, especially those across the noncoding regions.

Lizhong decoction alleviates experimental ulcerative colitis via regulating gut microbiota-SCFAs-Th17/Treg axis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Lizhong decoction (LZD), a Traditional Chinese Medicine formula, is widely utilized to treat gastrointestinal diseases, including ulcerative colitis in China for thousands of years.

Aim Of The Study: To investigate whether the protective effect of LZD on ulcerative colitis is dependent on gut microbiota and T-cell immune homeostasis.

Material And Methods: The preventive effects of LZD on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mice were evaluated through the measurement of body weight, disease activity index, colon length and hematoxylin-eosin staining.

Structure-Emission Property Relationship of Bilayer 2D Hybrid Perovskites.

Two-dimensional hybrid perovskites (2D-PVKs) have shown great promise for optoelectronic applications. However, the structure-emission property relationship of 2D-PVKs, particularly those with multiple octahedral layers in the metal-halide lattice ( > 1), is not fully understood. Here we combine experimental and theoretical studies to investigate a series of bilayer ( = 2) 2D-PVK crystals in both Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) and Dion-Jacobson (DJ) phases.

Identification and Expression Profiling of the Cytokinin Synthesis Gene Family in Maize.

Isopentyltransferase () is a key rate-limiting enzyme in cytokinin synthesis, playing a crucial role in plant growth, development, and response to adverse conditions. Although the IPT gene family has been studied in various plants, comprehensive identification and functional characterization of genes in maize () remain underexplored. In this study, ten gene family members (-) were identified in the maize genome, and their gene structure, physicochemical properties, evolutionary relationships, expression patterns, and stress response characteristics were systematically analyzed.

Giant deformation potential induced small polaron effect in Dion-Jacobson two-dimensional lead halide perovskites.

Halide perovskites have attracted substantial attention recently. However, the strong lattice distortion effects in these materials have led to debates regarding the nature of charge carriers. While the behavior of carriers in bulk three-dimensional materials is well-documented, the characteristics of carriers in two-dimensional perovskites remain less well understood.

Quantification of Chirality Induced Spin-Orbit Coupling for Long Spin Polarized Lifetime in Hybrid Perovskite.

Long spin lifetimes are crucial for maintaining robust spin states during propagation in spintronic devices. Spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in chiral hybrid perovskites can induce chirality-dependent spin splitting, facilitating the manipulation of spin polarization. In this study, we introduce a chiral organic molecule, (/)-4-(aminoethyl)piperidinium (4AEP), into iodide-lead-based structures to synthesize chiral [(/)-4AEP]PbI crystals and thin films.

Facilitating Maize Seed Germination Under Heat Stress via Exogenous Melatonin.

Seed germination is a critical phase during which plants are particularly sensitive to environmental stresses, especially heat stress, due to the high metabolic and physiological activities required for initial growth. Melatonin (MT), a key antioxidant, is crucial for assisting plants in managing abiotic stresses. While the impact of melatonin on heat stress has been explored in other developmental stages or species, this is the first study to specifically focus on its role during maize seed germination under heat stress.

Development and validation of a transcription factor regulatory network-based signature for individualized prognostic risk in lung adenocarcinoma.

Despite significant progress in diagnostic and therapeutic modalities, lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) still exhibits a high recurrence risk and a low 5-year survival rate. Reliable prognostic signatures are imperative for risk stratification in LUAD patients. This study encompassed 2740 patients from 23 LUAD cohorts, including one single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) dataset, five bulk RNA-seq datasets, and 17 microarray datasets.

Gut microbiome-derived indole-3-carboxaldehyde regulates stress vulnerability in chronic restraint stress by activating aryl hydrocarbon receptors.

Chronic stress constitutes a major precipitating factor for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), and comprehending individual differences in stress responses is crucial for the development of effective intervention strategies for MDD. Recent studies indicate that an individual's vulnerability to chronic stress is closely associated with gut microbiota composition, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to investigate whether the gut microbiota and its metabolites can serve as gut-brain signaling molecules and explores how the gut microbiota affects stress sensitivity.

Massively parallel variant-to-function mapping determines functional regulatory variants of non-small cell lung cancer.

Genome-wide association studies have identified thousands of genetic variants associated with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), however, it is still challenging to determine the causal variants and to improve disease risk prediction. Here, we applied massively parallel reporter assays to perform NSCLC variant-to-function mapping at scale. A total of 1249 candidate variants were evaluated, and 30 potential causal variants within 12 loci were identified.

Epidemiological investigation of sex hormones and their metabolism-related gene single nucleotide polymorphisms in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia complicated with late-onset hypogonadism: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common disease in middle-aged and elderly men, and its etiology is not completely clear. Late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) is a relatively common disease in the aging process of men. BPH is often accompanied by varying degrees of LOH, and the pathogenesis and progression of the two diseases are related.

Orthogonal-Group-Controlled Site-Selective I-Branching of Poly-N-acetyllactosamine Chains Reveals Unique Binding Specificities of Proteins towards I-Antigens.

Poly-N-acetyllactosamine (poly-LacNAc) is ubiquitously expressed on cell surface glycoconjugates, serving as the backbone of complex glycans and an extended scaffold that presents diverse glycan epitopes. The branching of poly-LacNAc, where internal galactose (Gal) residues have β1-6 linked N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) attached, forms the blood group I-antigen, which is closely associated with various physiological and pathological processes including cancer progression. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear as many of the I-antigen sequences are undefined and inaccessible.

Integrated colon microbiome and metabolomics to elucidate the antidepressant mechanisms of the Radix Bupleuri-Radix Paeoniae Alba herb pair.

Radix Bupleuri-Radix Paeoniae Alba herb pair (RB-RPA) is the fundamental medication combination of many classic antidepressant prescriptions, and RB-RPA's antidepressant effect is well established. For an extended period, the involvement of intestinal flora in the progression of depression has been widely acknowledged. However, it remains unclear whether RB-RPA could modulate intestinal microbiota disturbances and metabolic abnormalities induced by depression.

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG attenuates depression-like behaviour and cognitive deficits in chronic ethanol exposure mice by down-regulating systemic inflammatory factors.

Ethanol can directly or indirectly lead to cognitive and mental disorders. The long-term intake of alcohol can directly affect the distribution of gut microbiota. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is a natural bacterium isolated from healthy human intestines that has the function of preventing cytokine-induced cell apoptosis and protecting cell barriers.

Tunable Blue-Light-Emitting Organic-Inorganic Zinc Halides with Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence and Room-Temperature Phosphorescence.

Hybrid metal halides have received great interests in the field of solid-state lighting technologies due to their diverse structures and excellent emission properties. In this work, we report the synthesis and characterization of four blue-emitting zero-dimensional hybrid metal halides, namely, (2HP)ZnCl, (2HP)ZnBr, (2TP)ZnCl, and (2TP)ZnBr (2HP = 2-hydroxypyridine, 2TP = pyridine-2-thiol). By changing the ligands and halides, a remarkable increase in the photoluminescence quantum yield of (2HP)ZnCl (44.