Plant-Derived Vesicle-like Nanoparticles: Pioneering Sustainable and Effective Approaches for Tissue Repair and Regeneration.

Plant-derived vesicle-like nanoparticles (PDVLNs) are bioactive nanovesicles secreted by plant cells, emerging as a novel therapeutic tool for tissue repair and regeneration due to their low immunogenicity, intrinsic bioactivity, and potential as drug delivery carriers. This review examines PDVLNs' biogenesis mechanisms, isolation techniques, and compositional diversity, emphasizing their roles in promoting essential regenerative processes-cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, immune modulation, and angiogenesis. We explore their therapeutic applications across multiple tissue types, including skin, bone, neural, liver, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and dental tissues, using both natural and engineered PDVLNs in various disease models.

Epigenetic age acceleration and midlife cognition: joint evidence from observational study and Mendelian randomization.

The relationship between epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) and midlife cognitive function remains unclear, with limited causal evidence. We investigated this association in 1252 Black and White middle-aged adults from the Bogalusa Heart Study (BHS) and conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using GWAS summary statistics for EAA (N = 34,710) and cognition (N ≤ 106,162). In BHS, higher Hannum age acceleration, PhenoAge acceleration, and GrimAge acceleration (GrimAA) were each associated with slower processing speed (p < 0.

Color imaging system high dynamic range colorimetric characterization modeling based on fusion kernel XGBoost.

High dynamic range imaging exhibits lower resolution in both highly bright and deeply dark colors, which results in reduced accuracy in the measurement of photometry and colorimetry using color imaging systems. Based on the nonlinear capability of the Gaussian kernel function and the global linear trend of the linear kernel function, a Gaussian-linear fusion kernel is designed. Through multi-dimensional space mapped by the designed fusion kernel, a kernel XGBoost colorimetric characterization model is proposed.

Effect of tea polyphenol binding to soybean β-conglycinin and glycinin on structure, aggregation, allergenicity and in vitro digestion characteristics.

Non-covalent interactions between soybean storage proteins β-conglycinin (7S) and glycinin (11S) and two tea polyphenols, catechin and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), were examined to elucidate their effects on protein conformation, stability, digestibility, allergenicity, and antioxidant capacity. Due to its smaller molecular size, catechin more easily penetrated the hydrophobic cores of proteins, yielding higher binding stoichiometry and concentration-dependent aggregation. At 4 mM, extensive aggregation masked proteolytic cleavage sites, reducing gastrointestinal digestibility by 7.

Performance comparison of dual-layer detector CT parameters from different blood vessels in the detection of anemia.

Background: Anemia negatively affects an individual's overall prognosis and quality of life, and thus represents a significant health burden. Dual-layer computed tomography (DLCT) detector imaging enables substance differentiation. This study aimed to compare the performance of DLCT parameters for different blood vessels in detecting anemia.

A Clinical-Radiomic Combined Model based on Dual-Layer Spectral CT for Predicting Pathological T4 in Gastric Cancer.

Rationale And Objectives: This study aimed to develop and validate a dual-layer spectral CT based clinical-radiomic model for pre-treatment prediction of pathological T4 (pT4) in gastric cancer (GC) patients.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 148 surgically confirmed GC patients who underwent dual-layer spectral CT scanning before surgery and were divided into a training (n=104) and test (n=44) cohorts. Subjective assessments were performed based on conventional 120-kV CT images by two readers.

A large-scale genome-wide study of gene-sleep duration interactions for blood pressure in 811,405 individuals from diverse populations.

Although both short and long sleep duration are associated with elevated hypertension risk, our understanding of their interplay with biological pathways governing blood pressure remains limited. To address this, we carried out genome-wide cross-population gene-by-short-sleep and long-sleep duration interaction analyses for three blood pressure traits (systolic, diastolic, and pulse pressure) in 811,405 individuals from diverse population groups. We discovered 22 novel gene-sleep duration interaction loci for blood pressure, mapped to 23 genes.

A flexible pressure sensor array for self-powered identity authentication during typing.

The keyboard, a staple tool for information entry and human-machine interaction, faces demands for enhanced information security due to evolving internet technologies. This study introduces a self-powered flexible intelligent keyboard (SFIK) that harnesses the giant magnetoelastic effect to convert the mechanical pressure from key presses into electrical signals. The sensor boasts a wide sensing range (35 to 600 kPa) and a rapid response time (∼300 ms), allowing it to record and recognize individual keystroke dynamics.

A Large-Scale Genome-wide Association Study of Blood Pressure Accounting for Gene-Depressive Symptomatology Interactions in 564,680 Individuals from Diverse Populations.

Background: Gene-environment interactions may enhance our understanding of hypertension. Our previous study highlighted the importance of considering psychosocial factors in gene discovery for blood pressure (BP) but was limited in statistical power and population diversity. To address these challenges, we conducted a multi-population genome-wide association study (GWAS) of BP accounting for gene-depressive symptomatology (DEPR) interactions in a larger and more diverse sample.

An Energy-Efficient Configurable 1-D CNN-Based Multi-Lead ECG Classification Coprocessor for Wearable Cardiac Monitoring Devices.

Many electrocardiogram (ECG) processors have been widely used for cardiac monitoring. However, most of them have relatively low energy efficiency, and lack configurability in classification leads number and inference algorithm models. A multi-lead ECG coprocessor is proposed in this paper, which can perform efficient ECG anomaly detection.

Nanomedicine's shining armor: understanding and leveraging the metal-phenolic networks.

Metal-phenolic networks (MPNs), which comprise supramolecular amorphous networks formed by interlinking polyphenols with metal ions, garner escalating interest within the realm of nanomedicine. Presently, a comprehensive synthesis of the cumulative research advancements and utilizations of MPNs in nanomedicine remains absent. Thus, this review endeavors to firstly delineate the characteristic polyphenols, metal ions, and their intricate interaction modalities within MPNs.

Glomerular CD68 macrophages infiltration at initial biopsy predicts response to standard immunosuppression in proliferative lupus nephritis: CD68 Mø predicts LN treatment response.

Objective: Predictive models of kidney response to standard immunosuppression are needed in proliferative lupus nephritis (LN). We tested the kidney macrophage infiltration at initial biopsy.

Methods: The prospective study was performed in 247 patients with newly diagnosed proliferative LN in 2 independent cohorts.

Research on application of diamond FAT for black lithium tantalate wafer processing based on nanoindentation and scratch techniques.

Lithium tantalate (LiTaO, LT) single crystal has been widely applied in the fields of electro-optical and piezoelectric devices. In this study, diamond fixed-abrasive tools (FAT) for LT were fabricated using consolidation abrasive processing technology to streamline the LT wafers processing and enhance overall effectiveness. The material properties and the critical depth for the ductile-to-brittle transition of LT were examined through nanoindentation and scratch techniques.

Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Serum Golgi Protein 73 in Patients With Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure.

Background And Aims: The prognosis and severity of hepatitis B virus-associated acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) cannot be well-identified by serum biomarkers. The present study aims to determine the role of serum Golgi protein 73 (GP73) in predicting the prognosis and severity of liver necrotizing inflammation induced by HBV-ACLF.

Methods: A total of 427 chronic HBV-infected patients were included for the present study.

Imaging system high dynamic range colorimetric calibration method based on a digital chain.

Research on high dynamic range (HDR) color management imposes critical requirements on calibration methods between imaging systems and standard radiation. This paper proposes a colorimetric calibration method based on digital chain measurement for imaging systems. First, a HDR colorimetric calibration process model for imaging systems is constructed based on an imaging chain.

Effect of glycoside hydrolase-mediated wheat arabinoxylan hydrolysate on gut microbiota and metabolite profiles.

Cereal arabinoxylans (AX) are complex non-digestible polysaccharides and their molecular structural features significantly influence their degradation and metabolic behaviors within the body. This study focuses on investigating the impact of wheat AX hydrolysates produced by different glycoside hydrolases on the gut microbiota during colonic fermentation. Endo-1,4-β-xylanase (XYN) and arabinofuranosidase (ARF) were used to hydrolyze the xylan backbone and remove the arabinose side chains, respectively.

Opportunities and challenges of bacterial extracellular vesicles in regenerative medicine.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound vesicles that are shed or secreted from the cell membrane and enveloped by a lipid bilayer. They possess stability, low immunogenicity, and non-cytotoxicity, exhibiting extensive prospects in regenerative medicine (RM). However, natural EVs pose challenges, such as insufficient targeting capabilities, potential biosafety concerns, and limited acquisition pathways.

Commissioning of a commercial treatment planning system for scanned carbon-ion radiotherapy.

Purpose: To commission the RayStation (RS) TPS (treatment planning system) for scanned CIRT (carbon-ion radiotherapy) utilizing pencil beam algorithms (PBv4.2).

Methods: The beam model commissioning entailed employing 1D single beams and 2D monoenergetic fields to validate spot profiles with films, assess beam range using Peakfinder measurements, and evaluate fragment spectra through dose-averaged linear energy transfer (LETd) calculations.

GPER1 signaling restricts macrophage proliferation and accumulation in human hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Sex hormones and their related receptors have been reported to impact the development and progression of tumors. However, their influence on the composition and function of the tumor microenvironment is not well understood. We aimed to investigate the influence of sex disparities on the proliferation and accumulation of macrophages, one of the major components of the tumor microenvironment, in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Spectra-based color correction method of liquid crystal displays.

Reproducing colors under different ambient illumination conditions is a critical issue for monitors. This paper proposes a spectral-based color correction method for liquid crystal displays. The method establishes a model linking RGB values to display emission spectra and its inverse process.

Construction and application of the emergency resilience capability evaluation scale and model for grassroots medical workers: a cross-sectional study in Guangzhou, China.

Objective: Public health emergencies pose a serious challenge to the ability of medical personnel to respond. We aimed to establish a scientific and effective resilience capability assessment scale for grassroots medical workers and explore the way to improve resilience.

Research Design: Developed a resilience ability assessment scale and applied it on the medical personnel who worked in community health service centers for more than 1 year.

Analysis of deliquescent chloride salt by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy with controlled uniform precipitation.

Background: The electrolytic efficiency in magnesium (Mg) production by molten salt electrolysis is mainly affected by the chloride content, which is determined by the metal content in the cooled molten salt. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a potential element detection method in cooled molten salt element detection. However, the cooled molten chloride salt is easily deliquescent, which greatly affects the LIBS detection results.

Longitudinal lipidomic profiles of left ventricular mass and left ventricular hypertrophy in American Indians.

BACKGROUNDLeft ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and dyslipidemia are strong, independent predictors for cardiovascular disease, but their relationship is less well studied. A longitudinal lipidomic profiling of left ventricular mass (LVM) and LVH is still lacking.METHODSUsing liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), we repeatedly measured 1,542 lipids from 1,755 unique American Indians attending 2 exams (mean, 5 years apart).

A Review on Pulsed Laser Preparation of Quantum Dots in Colloids for the Optimization of Perovskite Solar Cells: Advantages, Challenges, and Prospects.

In recent years, academic research on perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has attracted remarkable attention, and one of the most crucial issues is promoting the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and operational stability of PSCs. Generally, modification of the electron or hole transport layers between the perovskite layers and electrodes via surface engineering is considered an effective strategy because the inherent structural defects between charge carrier transport layers and perovskite layers can be reshaped and modified by adopting the functional nanomaterials, and thus the charge recombination rate can be naturally decreased. At present, large amounts of available nanomaterials for surface modification of the perovskite films are extensively investigated, mainly including nanocrystals, nanorods, nanoarrays, and even colloidal quantum dots (QDs).