Planetary Health Diet and risk of mortality and chronic diseases: Results from US NHANES, UK Biobank, and a meta-analysis.

The health benefits of the Planetary Health Diet (PHD) require further validation. We examined associations between PHD adherence and risks of mortality and chronic diseases using data from two prospective cohorts-the US NHANES (1999-2018, 42,947 participants) and the UKB (125,372 participants)-and a meta-analysis of 37 published cohort studies (3,244,263 participants). Higher adherence to PHD was associated with lower all-cause mortality in both cohorts.

Quantifying Structural Disadvantage in HIV Prevention: Development and Validation of the HIV-Specific Social and Structural Determinants Index in the United States.

Structural inequities significantly shape disparities across the HIV care continuum, yet few validated tools exist to quantify HIV-specific structural vulnerability at the population level in the United States. This study introduces and validates the HIV-Specific Social and Structural Determinants of Health Index (HIV-SSDI), a multi-dimensional, state-level index designed to capture structural disadvantage relevant to HIV prevention and care. Using publicly available state-level index (2008-2023) spanning nine structural domains, we developed the HIV-SSDI through exploratory factor analysis with three extraction methods: principal component analysis, maximum likelihood, and minimum residual.

Dual roles of innate immune cells and cytokines in shaping the breast cancer microenvironment.

Breast cancer remains the most frequently diagnosed malignancy and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide. Increasing evidence underscores the pivotal yet paradoxical roles of innate immune cells and their associated cytokines in orchestrating the dynamic landscape of the breast tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Innate immune effectors, including tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and natural killer (NK) cells, exert dual functions by either initiating robust antitumor responses or facilitating immune evasion, metastatic dissemination, and therapeutic resistance.

A Natural TMEM16A Inhibitor with Conformational Lock Mechanism: Thymol Reverses Secretory Diarrhea via Chloride Flux Regulation and Antiinflammatory.

Secretory diarrhea is characterized by excessive production of electrolytes and water by intestinal epithelial cells, resulting in persistent watery stools. This study suggested that abnormal activation of TMEM16A might contribute to its pathogenesis. A drug screening identified thymol, a natural product, as a significant inhibitor of TMEM16A channel activity.

The impact of public health shocks on fertility intentions: evidence from the COVID-19 pandemic in China.

Background: China's persistent fertility decline poses serious long-term demographic and socioeconomic challenges. The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced additional uncertainty, raising questions about how external shocks affect fertility intentions in real time.

Objective: This study examines the causal impact of localized COVID-19 shocks on fertility intentions in China, as measured by high-frequency digital search data that capture real-time behavioral shifts.

Applications and challenges of biomarker-based predictive models in proactive health management.

Digital technology and artificial intelligence have revolutionized predictive models based on clinical data, creating opportunities for proactive health management. This review systematically evaluates the role and effectiveness of biomarker-driven predictive models across disease detection, personalized intervention, and healthcare resource optimization. Critical challenges hindering their implementation include data heterogeneity, inconsistent standardization protocols, limited generalizability across populations, high implementation costs, and substantial barriers in clinical translation.

A single-nanoprobe-integrated multi-modal microscope (SNIM).

Nanodiamonds hosting nitrogen-vacancy centers, as quantum sensors, have been explored for intracellular multi-physics field measurements. However, the lack of active control of the nanodiamond inside the cell hinders the intracellular targeted sensing. We develop a single nanoprobe integrated multi-modal microscope based on our recently proposed manipulable single nanodiamond (MSN) approach, capable of active manipulation of the nanoprobe, live cell culture, in situ observation, and multi-physical field measurement.

Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with capecitabine and irinotecan guided by UGT1A1 status in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer: 5-year update of the CinClare trial.

Background: The optimal regimen and chemotherapy intensity are still under investigation for neoadjuvant treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). The CinClare trial has demonstrated improved pathologic complete response (pCR) with the addition of irinotecan to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) guided by uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) genotype in LARC. Here, we report the 5-year follow-up outcomes of the CinClare study.

A single-cell transcriptomic landscape characterizes the endocrine system aging in the mouse.

The endocrine system is crucial for maintaining overall homeostasis. However, its cellular signatures have not been elucidated during aging. Here, we conducted the first-ever single-cell transcriptomic profiles from eight endocrine organs in young and aged mice, revealing the activation of cell-type-specific aging pathways, such as loss of proteostasis, genomic instability and reactive oxygen species (ROS).

FARSB downregulation by SPI1 modulates lung adenocarcinoma progression and immune microenvironment via mTOR pathway.

Background: Phenylalanyl-TRNA Synthetase Subunit Beta (FARSB) is implicated in the progression of multiple cancers and represents a potential therapeutic target. However, its role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) progression and the immune microenvironment remains poorly understood, warranting further investigation into its regulatory mechanisms.

Methods: We conducted bioinformatics analyses to investigate the expression levels of FARSB in LUAD, identify enriched pathways, and assess its correlation with patient prognosis and CD8+ T cell infiltration.

Golidocitinib was used for the first time to treat refractory NK-Large Granular lymphocytic leukemia with a STAT3 mutation, accompanied by hemolytic anemia: a case report.

Background: NK-large granular lymphocytic leukemia (NK-LGLL) is a rare clonal lymphoproliferative disease of natural killer (NK) cells. In refractory cases, traditional chemotherapy regimens and immunosuppressive drugs often prove ineffective. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) offers the opportunity to rebuild the immune system, but carries significant risks, including graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).

Preparation of plane trees' bark biochar/ZnAl-LDH and its adsorption performance for phosphate and recovery.

Biochar is an excellent adsorbent for organic pollutants, but the removal effect for inorganic phosphorus is not satisfactory. In order to improve its phosphorus removal effect, ZnAl-LDH modified plane trees' bark biochar was presented in this paper. The plane trees' bark biochar was prepared by chemical-activation method by utilizing KCO as the activation agent.

Performance comparison of Mindray EH-2090 Urinalysis analyzers and Sysmex UF-5000.

In this study, we used manual microscopy as the gold standard, and compared the analytical and clinical performance of EH-2090 and UF-5000 to evaluate their application characteristics in daily clinical practice. Results show the EH-2090 has comparable analytical performance to Sysmex UF-5000. In clinical performance, the EH-2090 shows better counting accuracy for urine formed elements except bacteria.

Burden trends and risk factors for prostate cancer from 1990 to 2021: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Objectives: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies in males worldwide. Therefore, conducting the latest and comprehensive assessment of PCa is important.

Research Design And Methods: Average annual percent change for age-standardized rate trend was calculated by Joinpoint.

The impact of maternal chronic stress on spontaneous preterm birth: evidence from a Chinese cohort study.

Background: This study aimed to examine the relationship between maternal chronic stress, measured as allostatic load (AL), and the subsequent risk of spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB).

Methods: This analysis was based on a prospective, single-center cohort study conducted in China. Eligible women were recruited during their second trimester and followed up until giving birth.

DFFNet: A Dual-Domain Feature Fusion Network for Single Remote Sensing Image Dehazing.

Single remote sensing image dehazing aims to eliminate atmospheric scattering effects without auxiliary information. It serves as a crucial preprocessing step for enhancing the performance of downstream tasks in remote sensing images. Conventional approaches often struggle to balance haze removal and detail restoration under non-uniform haze distributions.

Physiological Insights into Enhanced Epsilon-Poly-l-Lysine Production Induced by Extract Supplement from Heterogeneous Strain.

Epsilon-poly-l-lysine (ε-PL) is a potent antimicrobial agent, but strategies to enhance its biosynthesis remain limited due to insufficient understanding of its physiological regulation. This study explores the interaction between and heterogeneous microbial extracts, with a focus on actinomycete-derived signals. The extract induces the highest ε-PL production (3.

Carrier dynamics characterization in saturable absorbers via cascaded nonlinear optical spectroscopy.

We demonstrate a novel, to the best of our knowledge, two-stage experimental approach that cascades Z-scan and transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy for comprehensive carrier dynamics characterization in semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs). This approach exploits the complementary nature of steady-state and dynamic measurements to extract complete sets of nonlinear optical parameters across multiple temporal regimes. When applied to a 2-period InGaAs/GaAsP quantum wells SESAM sample, our method systematically extracts saturation intensity (), modulation depth (), and temporal constants (, ) with high precision.

All-fiber spatiotemporal self-similar laser.

Self-similar evolution has garnered significant attention in the field of high-power ultrafast fiber lasers due to its unique characteristics, such as wave-breaking suppression and quasi-linear chirp properties. Here, we demonstrate the spatiotemporal similariton generation in an all-fiber laser system through dual-function spectral-spatial filtering enabled by a commercial single-mode fiber filter. The system delivers similaritons centered at 1066 nm with M≈2.

Effects of landscape fragmentation on floodplain fishes as revealed by species-habitat networks.

How species interact with habitat patches is influenced primarily by habitat configuration (e.g., connectivity) and species' functional traits.

Exploring the association between vitamin D levels and dyslipidemia risk: insights from machine learning and generalized additive models.

Introduction: Vitamin D is a necessary nutrient that is important for calcium homeostasis and bone health. Dyslipidemia is thought to be a risk factor for the development of atherosclerotic illnesses. Recent research suggests that vitamin D may influence lipid metabolism, specifically the levels of circulating lipids in the blood.

River water quality forecasting: a novel LSTM-Transformer approach enhanced by multi-source data.

Water quality prediction holds crucial importance as a fundamental technical support for efficient water resource management and strong ecological protection. In this study, aiming to meet the pressing requirement for eutrophication prevention and control in the water body of the Changzhou section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal, a prediction model for total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations, driven by deep learning, was constructed. A comprehensive multivariate dataset was formed by combining automated water quality monitoring data within the basin, remotely sensed interpretations of land types, and meteorological factors.