A Natural TMEM16A Inhibitor with Conformational Lock Mechanism: Thymol Reverses Secretory Diarrhea via Chloride Flux Regulation and Antiinflammatory.

Secretory diarrhea is characterized by excessive production of electrolytes and water by intestinal epithelial cells, resulting in persistent watery stools. This study suggested that abnormal activation of TMEM16A might contribute to its pathogenesis. A drug screening identified thymol, a natural product, as a significant inhibitor of TMEM16A channel activity.

The MADS-box gene CmAP1 promotes flowering and petal development in Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima).

Background: Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima) is an economically and ecologically important woody nut crop. In C. mollissima, flowering is fundamental for nut yield.

Deubiquitinase OTUD4 Stabilizes SLC5A2 to Promote Pancreatic Cancer Proliferation and Migration Through Enchaining Glycolysis-Mediated Autophagy.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive malignancy characterized by its insidious onset, rapid progression, and poor treatment outcomes. Sodium glucose transporter 2 (SLC5A2) is the predominant sodium-glucose transporter. Our study reveals that SLC5A2 interacted with ovarian tumor family deubiquitinase 4 (OTUD4) to stabilize and increase its expression in PDAC.

Multiomics Reveals the Mechanism of Adaptation to Combined Hypersaline, Alkaline, and Elevated Temperature Environments.

The halophilic alkalithermophile grows optimally at the combined extremes of 3.3-3.9 M Na, pH 9.

FMRP regulation of STAT3-MYC signaling is critical for adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive flexibility.

Fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common form of inherited intellectual disability, results from a loss of fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), an RNA-binding protein whose deficiency impacts many targeted mRNA and brain functions. However, how these FMRP targets contribute to the pathogenesis of FXS is not fully understood, and effective treatment is lacking. Here, we identify signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) as a target of FMRP in adult hippocampal neural stem cells (NSCs).

Key targets of brain-gut coordination in Wuzhuyu decoction treating chronic migraine based on proteomics.

Chronic migraine is a debilitating disorder often accompanied by gastrointestinal dysfunction. However, the targets and mechanisms underlying this interaction in migraine remain unclear. Wuzhuyu Decoction (WZYD), a traditional Chinese medicine, has shown efficacy in alleviating migraine and gastrointestinal symptoms.

Flavonoids of Mao Jian Green Tea Ameliorate Glycemic Metabolism in Type-2-Diabetic Rats via AMPK Signaling Pathways and Gut Microbiota Regulation.

Mao Jian Green Tea flavonoids (MJGT_F) contain luteolin, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, eriodictyol, and eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside, among which the first three components have hypoglycemic effects; however, the overall hypoglycemic potential of MJGT_F remains unclear. This study demonstrated that MJGT_F inhibited α-glucosidase in vitro and improved metabolic parameters in a dose-dependent manner in T2DM (type 2 diabetes mellitus) rats (reducing blood glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, insulin, and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; increasing high-density lipoprotein, insulin sensitivity index, and glucagon-like peptide-1). High-dose MJGT_F (MJGT_F_H) showed optimal efficacy.

Penaeus chinensis nearing a critical threshold of susceptibility to Decapod iridescent virus 1 (DIV1).

This study delves into the susceptibility of Chinese shrimp, Penaeus chinensis, to Decapod iridescent virus 1 (DIV1), a pathogen of significant concern in crustacean aquaculture. Our research meticulously evaluated the infection potential of DIV1 through both invasive (intramuscular injection) and non-invasive (per os) experimental methodologies. The outcomes revealed that intramuscular injection effectively induced infection in P.

Cross and unique stress adaptation strategies of the polyextremophile Natranaerobius thermophilus to individual high salt, alkaline pH, and elevated temperature.

N. thermophilus is the first true anaerobic halophilic alkalithermophile. It employs a unique dual mechanism for hypersaline adaptation, utilizing both "compatible solutes" and "salt in" strategies.

Preparation and CO adsorption of N-doped biochar and effect of acetone on its adsorption performance.

CO adsorption is a promising carbon capture technology. Boiler flue gas is a major source of CO emissions, with a complex composition. The influence of coexisting components (especially VOCs) on CO adsorption performance is an urgent problem to be explored.

Pan-Genome-Based Characterization of the SRS Transcription Factor Family in Foxtail Millet.

The Short Internodes-Related Sequence (SRS) family, a class of plant-specific transcription factors crucial for diverse biological processes, was systematically investigated in foxtail millet using pan-genome data from 110 core germplasm resources as well as two high-quality genomes ( and Yu1). We identified SRS members and analyzed their intra-species distribution patterns, including copy number variation (CNV) and interchromosomal translocations. A novel standardized nomenclature () was proposed to unify gene family nomenclature, enabling the direct visualization of member number variation across germplasms and the identification of core/variable members while highlighting chromosomal translocations.

Ginsenoside Rb Ameliorates Heart Failure Ventricular Remodeling by Regulating the Twist1/PGC-1α/PPARα Signaling Pathway.

Heart failure (HF), the terminal stage of cardiovascular disease with high morbidity and mortality, remains poorly managed by current therapies. Ventricular remodeling in HF is fundamentally characterized by myocardial fibrosis. While ginsenoside Rb has demonstrated anti-fibrotic effects in HF, the underlying mechanism remains unclear.

Infection with infectious precocious virus (IPV) suppresses infection with decapod iridescent virus 1 (DIV1) in Macrobrachium rosenbergii.

In recent years, diseases caused by infectious precocious virus (IPV) or decapod iridescent virus 1 (DIV1) have resulted in significant losses to the giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) industry, threatening sustainable aquaculture development of this species. Co-infection with these two viruses was found in farmed prawns. This study investigated the biological characteristics of co-infection in M.

Evoking the Cancer-immunity cycle by targeting the tumor-specific antigens in Cancer immunotherapy.

Cancer-related deaths continue to rise, largely due to the suboptimal efficacy of current treatments. Fortunately, immunotherapy has emerged as a promising alternative, offering new hope for cancer patients. Among various immunotherapy approaches, targeting tumor-specific antigens (TSAs) has gained particular attention due to its demonstrated success in clinical settings.

Wuzhuyu Decoction Relieves Chronic Migraine by Regulating 5-HT1A and 3A Receptors-Mediated CREB Signaling Pathway in Brain and Intestine.

Chronic migraine (CM) is a common complex nervous system disease, often accompanied by symptoms of the digestive tract that interact with each other, leading to prolonged and difficult-to-cure migraines. These symptoms are associated with abnormalities in 5-HT and its receptors. Wuzhuyu decoction (WZYD) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription commonly used in clinics to treat CM; it relieves gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea and vomiting; however, its mechanism is still unclear.

Selective Electrochemical Oxidation of Methane to Ethanol over the CoO/LaOCO Heterojunction Catalyst.

Catalyzing methane (CH) at room temperature to value-added products is a promising approach, but high product selectivity remains a challenge. In this study, LaCoO was used as a precursor to synthesize LC (CoO/LaCoO) by adjusting the molar ratio of Co and La. When glycerol was added for hydrothermal modification, a carbon source was introduced into LC to form an efficient heterojunction material LC-C (CoO/LaOCO) capable of converting CH to ethanol at 2.

Crystal- and Pore-Size Dependent Iodine Adsorption Properties in MOFs.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with unique pore architectures and electron-rich sites exhibit an unprecedented iodine capture property. In this contribution, the crystal-size and pore-size-dependent iodine adsorption behavior in MOFs ranging in crystal size from nanometers to micrometers with mesoporous and microporous structures is reported. Nano-sized MOFs have much higher iodine adsorption capacities and rates than Micro-sized MOFs.

Control of wheat powdery mildew using fluopyram seed treatment.

Background: Wheat powdery mildew is an airborne multi-cycle disease caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici.

Molecular modeling aided design, synthesis and biological evaluation of quinazoline derivatives for the treatment of human cancer.

The quinazoline scaffold serves as a fundamental framework, demonstrating potent anti-tumor activity. Employing the pharmacophore-based scaffold hopping principle, we successfully synthesized a series of FAK/PLK1 inhibitors incorporating the quinazoline scaffold. The synthesized compounds were characterized using H NMR, C NMR, and HRMS techniques.

Animal experiments and network pharmacology to explore the anti-inflammatory mechanism of dapagliflozin in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder associated with chronic low-grade inflammation of the ovary. Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a class of antidiabetic drugs that can reduce the weight and hyperglycemia of type 2 diabetes patients. Dapagliflozin is a highly selective, orally active and reversible inhibitor of the human SGLT2.

[Differences in components and anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of two phase states of Wuzhuyu Decoction].

This study rapidly identified and quantified the chemical components of the Wuzhuyu Decoction nanophase(WZYD-N) and suspension phase(WZYD-S) using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry(UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS). Based on preliminary pharmacodynamic experiments and network pharmacology analysis, the differential anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of WZYD-N and WZYD-S were explored to understand their pharmacodynamic basis. WZYD-N and WZYD-S were separated by differential centrifugation-dialysis, and their particle size, Zeta potential, PDI, and morphology were characterized by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy.

An Electrochemical Oxidation and Intercalation Strategy for Iodide Removal Using LDHs.

Radioactive iodide harms the ecosystem and human health, necessitating its immobilization to mitigate aquatic iodine pollution. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs), a family of 2D clays with intercalated anions and controllable interlayer structures, are technologically and economically viable adsorbents to eliminate various anion pollutants. However, LDHs exhibit an extremely low affinity toward iodide species.

Tobacco/Isatis intercropping system improves soil quality and increase total production value.

Continuous tobacco monocropping has caused soil degradation and yield reduction in China. Intercropping, as a specific and efficient cropping pattern, is highly associated with the enhancement of soil quality and land-use efficiency. Tobacco ( L.

Effects of Postharvest SO Treatment on Longan Aril Flavor and Glucosinolate Metabolites.

SO fumigation treatment (commonly known as sulfur treatment, ST) is a key method in the postharvest preservation of imported and exported fresh longan fruits, effectively reducing pericarp browning and enhancing color. Nonetheless, distinctive aromas, often referred to as "sulfur flavor", may develop in the aril during the extended preservation period. This study employed "Caopu" longan as the test material and patented SO-releasing paper (ZL201610227848.

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Treatment Maintains the Postharvest Quality of Litchi Fruit by Inducing Antioxidant Capacity.

Pericarp browning and fruit decay severely reduce the postharvest quality of litchi. Improving the antioxidant capacity of the fruit is an effective way to solve these problems. In our study, the appropriate zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) treatment and its mechanism of action on the storability of litchi was investigated.