Social isolation promotes hyperglycemia through sympathetic activation of inguinal white adipose tissue.

Epidemiological studies have reported that social isolation increases the risk of diabetes, but the underlying neural mechanism remains unclear. Using a long-term single-housed (SH) mouse model of social isolation, SH mice not only exhibited disrupted glucose homeostasis, evidenced by elevated fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, and reduced insulin sensitivity, but also showed hypertrophic adipocytes and altered lipid metabolism. To elucidate the neural mechanisms underlying these metabolic disturbances, retrograde trans-synaptic tracing revealed the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and locus coeruleus (LC) as the most PRV-labeled brain regions, suggesting their potential roles in social isolation-induced hyperglycemia.

Simultaneous detection of five shrimp pathogens using a single-tube EvaGreen real-time PCR assay with differential melting temperature.

The World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) has assessed crustacean diseases, such as infections with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV), decapod iridescent virus 1 (DIV1), and acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND), as listed diseases, and infection with (EHP) as an emerging disease, all of which significantly threaten the shrimp industry. This study developed a quintuplex EvaGreen-based melting curve real-time PCR method for the simultaneous detection of WSSV, IHHNV, DIV1, AHPND-causing (), and EHP. In the specific assay, only the target pathogen demonstrated efficient and detectable amplification, thereby indicating that the method exhibits high specificity.

Penaeus chinensis nearing a critical threshold of susceptibility to Decapod iridescent virus 1 (DIV1).

This study delves into the susceptibility of Chinese shrimp, Penaeus chinensis, to Decapod iridescent virus 1 (DIV1), a pathogen of significant concern in crustacean aquaculture. Our research meticulously evaluated the infection potential of DIV1 through both invasive (intramuscular injection) and non-invasive (per os) experimental methodologies. The outcomes revealed that intramuscular injection effectively induced infection in P.

The role of professional identity, psychological resilience, and coping styles in mitigating compassion fatigue among geriatric services and management interns.

Objective: To examine the impact of professional identity, psychological resilience, and coping styles on compassion fatigue among Geriatric Services and Management interns. It further elucidates how these factors interact within the framework of Kumpfer's resilience model and Lazarus and Folkman's psychological stress and coping theory in managing compassion fatigue.

Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional survey of 654 Geriatric Services and Management interns was designed.

TRPV2 mediates stress resilience in mouse cardiomyocytes.

The heart dynamically compensates for haemodynamic stress, but how this resilience forms during cardiac growth is not clear. Using a temporally inducible, cardiac-specific knockout in mice we show that the Transient receptor potential vanilloid family 2 (TRPV2) channel is crucial for the maturation of cardiomyocyte stress resilience. TRPV2 defects in growing hearts lead to small morphology, abnormal intercalated discs, weak contractility, and low expression of serum response factor and Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signalling.

Infection with infectious precocious virus (IPV) suppresses infection with decapod iridescent virus 1 (DIV1) in Macrobrachium rosenbergii.

In recent years, diseases caused by infectious precocious virus (IPV) or decapod iridescent virus 1 (DIV1) have resulted in significant losses to the giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) industry, threatening sustainable aquaculture development of this species. Co-infection with these two viruses was found in farmed prawns. This study investigated the biological characteristics of co-infection in M.

A positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus acquired a negative-sense open reading frame through recombination.

Although positive- and negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses are ubiquitous in nature, there is currently no evidence of recombination or reassortment between viruses with these two major forms of genome organization. Here, we describe the discovery of brine shrimp virga-like virus 1 (BSVV1), a novel positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus with a recombinant genome structure derived from two viral phyla with differing genome organizations. The genome of BSVV1 comprises three open reading frames (ORFs).

A critical role of Neuroligin 2 C-terminus in OCD and social behavior.

Neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders such as autism and schizophrenia are devastating brain illnesses that are often associated with deficits in social behaviors. Thus, understanding the molecular mechanisms contributing to the etiology underlying these social defects will be critical in developing therapeutic strategies for these disorders. Here, we have identified a crucial role of carboxyl-terminus (C-tail) of Neuroligin 2 (NL2), a cell adhesion molecule highly enriched at inhibitory synapses, in social behaviors.

Surveillance and Genomic Evolution of Infectious Precocity Virus (IPV) from 2011 to 2024.

Infectious precocity virus (IPV) poses a significant economic threat to the aquaculture industry by causing sexual precocity and slow growth in . In this study, we conducted an in-depth investigation into the genetic evolution of IPV from 2011 to 2024 by collecting 31 IPV variants through epidemiological surveys and public databases, including 29 variants with complete genomic sequences. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that these complete genomic sequences clustered into two distinct phylogenetic clades as follows: the Southeast Asian clade and the Chinese clade.

Metal-Phenolic Nanomedicines Targeting Fatty Acid Metabolic Reprogramming to Overcome Immunosuppression in Radiometabolic Cancer Therapy.

Radiation therapy (RT) is a prevalent cancer treatment; however, its therapeutic outcomes are frequently impeded by tumor radioresistance, largely attributed to metabolic reprogramming characterized by increased fatty acid uptake and oxidation. To overcome this limitation, we developed polyphenol-metal coordination polymer (PPWQ), a novel nanoradiotherapy sensitizer specifically designed to regulate fatty acid metabolism and improve RT efficacy. These nanoparticles (NPs) utilize a metal-phenolic network (MPN) to integrate tungsten ions (W), quercetin (QR), and a PD-L1-blocking peptide within a PEG-polyphenol scaffold.

Wireless Sensor Network Coverage Optimization Using a Modified Marine Predator Algorithm.

To solve the coverage problem caused by the random deployment of wireless sensor network nodes in the forest fire-monitoring system, a modified marine predator algorithm (MMPA) is proposed. Four modifications have been made based on the standard marine predator algorithm (MPA). Firstly, tent mapping is integrated into the initialization step to improve the searching ability of the early stage.

Effects of Different Microplastics on Wheat's ( L.) Growth Characteristics and Rhizosphere Soil Environment.

In order to reveal the effects of microplastics (MPs) on the growth and rhizosphere soil environmental effects of wheat ( L.), three microplastic types (polypropylene MPs (PP-MPs), high-density polyethylene MPs (HDPE-MPs), and polylactic acid MPs (PLA-MPs)), particle sizes (150, 1000, and 4000 μm), and concentrations (0.1, 0.

A metal-phenolic nanotuner induces cancer pyroptosis for sono-immunotherapy.

Although ultrasound therapy is efficacious and safe in clinical oncology, its capacity to elicit an anti-tumor immune response is constrained by ultrasound-induced apoptosis. Pyroptosis, which releases immunogenic damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), can significantly enhance immune activation. It necessitates robust Gasdermin E (GSDME) expression in cancer cells for caspase-3-mediated pyroptosis.

Multi-omics evaluation of clinical-grade human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells in synergistic improvement of aging related disorders in a senescence-accelerated mouse model.

Background: The prevalence of age-related disorders, particularly in neurological and cardiovascular systems, is an increasing global health concern. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy, particularly using human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (HUCMSCs), has shown promise in mitigating these disorders. This study investigates the effects of HUCMSCs on aging-related conditions in a senescence-accelerated mouse model (SAMP8), with a focus on DNA damage, gut microbiota alterations, and metabolic changes.

Opto/Thermoresponsive Multimode Luminescence in Eu- and Er-Activated CaF Phosphor for High-Security Anticounterfeiting.

As the landscape of information storage and security continues to evolve, the deployment of sophisticated anticounterfeiting strategies with robust security features and multimodal luminescent capabilities becomes imperative. In this work, Eu and Er ions are codoped into CaF phosphors to achieve multimodel optical output. The self-reduction of Eu within the CaF matrix gives rise to the coexistence of Eu and Eu ions, which manifests as a color transition from orange to blue as the excitation wavelength is varied from 300 to 335 nm.

Time-Responsive Visualization of Cryogenic Detection Based on the Dynamic Optical Signals of CaZnOS.

Cryogenic detection technology is essential to ensure safety and effectiveness in fields such as medical refrigeration, cold chain transport, and cryogenic bioengineering. In this paper, a time-responsive visual cryogenic detection strategy is developed based on the storage properties of CaZnOS: Pb, Pr phosphors with shallow traps. Since the carrier release rate from the trap center receives the influence of ambient temperature and storage time, the storage time of the temperature-sensitive product can be determined by the different optical signals of CaZnOS: Pb, Pr phosphors obtained under 980 nm laser irradiation.

Novel Arf1 Inhibitors Drive Cancer Stem Cell Aging and Potentiate Anti-Tumor Immunity.

The small G protein Arf1 has been identified as playing a selective role in supporting cancer stem cells (CSCs), making it an attractive target for cancer therapy. However, the current Arf1 inhibitors have limited translational potential due to their high toxicity and low specificity. In this study, two new potent small-molecule inhibitors of Arf1, identified as DU101 and DU102, for cancer therapy are introduced.

Metal-Phenolic Nanomaterial with Organelle-Level Precision Primes Antitumor Immunity via mtDNA-dependent cGAS-STING Activation.

New generation of nanomaterials with organelle-level precision provide significant promise for targeted attacks on mitochondria, exhibiting remarkable therapeutic potency. Here, we report a novel amphiphilic phenolic polymer (PF) for the mitochondria-targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT), which can trigger excessive mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage by the synergistic action of oxidative stress and furan-mediated DNA cross-linking. Moreover, the phenolic units on PF enable further self-assembly with Mn via metal-phenolic coordination to form metal-phenolic nanomaterial (PFM).

Crystal Field-Engineered Cr-Doped Gd(MgGaGe)O Phosphors for Near-Infrared LEDs and X-ray Imaging Applications.

Inorganic materials doped with chromium (Cr) ions generate remarkable and adjustable broadband near-infrared (NIR) light, offering promising applications in the fields of imaging and night vision technology. However, achieving high efficiency and thermal stability in these broadband NIR phosphors poses a significant challenge for their practical application. Here, we employ crystal field engineering to modulate the NIR characteristics of Cr-doped GdGaO (GGG).

Meta-Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Novel RNA Viruses in Polychaetes .

species are essential benthonic animals in coastal ecosystems and have significant roles as live feed in aquaculture, owing to their high-protein and low-fat nutritional profile. Despite their ecological importance, the viral communities associated with these organisms need to be better understood. In this study, we generated 2.

Development of Monoclonal Antibody against PirB and Establishment of a Colloidal Gold Immunochromatographic Assay for the Rapid Detection of AHPND-Causing .

Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) poses a significant threat to shrimp aquaculture worldwide, necessitating the accurate and rapid detection of the pathogens. However, the increasing number of species that cause the disease makes diagnosis and control more difficult. This study focuses on developing a monoclonal antibody against the insect-related (Pir) toxin B (PirB), a pivotal virulence factor in AHPND-causing , and establishing a colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay for the enhanced early diagnosis and monitoring of AHPND.