Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with capecitabine and irinotecan guided by UGT1A1 status in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer: 5-year update of the CinClare trial.

Background: The optimal regimen and chemotherapy intensity are still under investigation for neoadjuvant treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). The CinClare trial has demonstrated improved pathologic complete response (pCR) with the addition of irinotecan to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) guided by uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) genotype in LARC. Here, we report the 5-year follow-up outcomes of the CinClare study.

Non-histone lysine lactylation: Emerging roles in tumor biology and therapeutic implications.

Lactate, a byproduct of glycolysis, was first identified to induce a novel post-translational modification (PTM) known as lysine lactylation (Kla) in 2019. Kla has been shown to regulate various biological processes, including transcription, metabolism, cell proliferation, and inflammatory responses, which are pivotal in both tumorigenesis and cellular aging. Initially, Kla was identified as an epigenetic marker on histones, where it regulates gene transcription.

The Impact of Whole-Course Immunonutrition Management on Patients With Stage III and IV Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Undergoing Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of whole-course immunonutrition management (WIM) on patients with stage III and IV nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) undergoing radiotherapy.

Methods: A total of 103 patients with NPC admitted to our hospital between October 2021 and June 2023 were assigned to receive either conventional nursing (routine group,  = 51) or WIM therapy (experimental group,  = 52) according to different nursing methods. Outcome measures included nutritional status assessment, haematological indicators, adverse reactions and the social support situation.

Regulation of RHBDD1 in the invasion of esophageal cancer cells via ELK3/Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Objective: Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. The prognosis for patients with the same stage of EC can vary substantially. Recurrence and metastasis after treatment are still important reasons for poor prognosis of esophageal cancer patients.

Lactylation in radiosensitivity regulation: Mechanistic insights and recent advances.

Lactylation, as a novel post-translational modification, has gained a lot of attention in the biomedical field in recent years. Lactylation is not only related to cellular metabolism but also increasingly prominent in the tumor microenvironment, particularly in regulating radiation sensitivity. This review aims to explore the potential connection between lactylation modification and the regulation of radiation sensitivity.

Survival Benefit of Surgical Staging Before Radiotherapy in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer: A Pooled Analysis.

Lymph node metastasis significantly impacts prognosis and treatment in locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). Surgical staging offers precise information on node involvement, though its survival benefit is debated. We pooled data from 9 cohort studies involving 2553 patients to evaluate the benefit of pre-treatment surgical staging in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer.

Redefining stage IVB cervical cancer: The unique prognosis of distant lymph node metastasis which is comparable to stage IIIC.

Objective: Current staging systems classify distant lymph node metastasis (DLM) in cervical cancer as stage IVB, typically treated with systemic therapy. We aim to assess if patients with DLM have different survival rates than those with other stage IVB cervical cancer forms.

Methods: This study included patients diagnosed with metastatic cervical cancer from 2000 to 2021, divided into three groups: para-aortic lymph node metastasis (PaLM), DLM, and distant organ metastasis (DM).

Real-World Clinical Outcomes of Trilaciclib for the Prevention of Myelosuppression in Patients with Esophageal Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy.

This study aims to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of trilaciclib in preventing myelosuppression in patients with esophageal cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Based on the use of trilaciclib, 81 patients were divided into a primary prevention group (PP group, n = 49) and a secondary prevention group (SP group, n = 32). The incidence of myelosuppression, antibiotic usage rate, survival outcomes, and other treatment-related toxicities were analyzed using chi-square tests and Kaplan-Meier survival curves.

Real-World Assessment of Trilaciclib for the Prevention of Chemoradiotherapy-Induced Myelosuppression in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Propensity Score Matching Study.

Background: Chemoradiotherapy-induced myelosuppression (CIM) is the most common adverse event of esophageal cancer treatment, often necessitating reductions or delays in chemotherapy. Current treatments target specific blood cells, causing adverse effects. Trilaciclib, a novel CDK4/6 inhibitor with myeloprotective effects, has not yet been evaluated for its use in esophageal cancer treatment.

Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Analysis to Study the Relationship Between Human Skin Microbiota and Radiation-Induced Skin Toxicity.

Radiation-induced skin toxicity, resulting from ionizing or nonionizing radiation, is a common skin disorder. However, the underlying relationship between skin microbiota and radiation-induced skin toxicity remains largely unexplored. Herein, we uncover the microbiota-skin interaction based on a genome-wide association study (GWAS) featuring 150 skin microbiota and three types of skin microenvironment.

Development of a prognostic nomogram and risk stratification system for elderly patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma undergoing definitive radiotherapy: a multicenter retrospective analysis (3JECROG R-03 A).

Background: Our goal is to develop a nomogram model to predict overall survival (OS) for elderly esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients receiving definitive radiotherapy (RT) or concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT), aiding clinicians in personalized treatment planning with a risk stratification system.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 718 elderly ESCC patients treated with RT or CRT at 10 medical centers (3JECROG) from January 2004 to November 2016. We identified independent prognostic factors using univariate and multifactorial Cox regression to construct a nomogram model.

Predicting grade II-IV bone marrow suppression in patients with cervical cancer based on radiomics and dosiomics.

Objective: The objective of this study is to develop a machine learning model integrating clinical characteristics with radiomics and dosiomics data, aiming to assess their predictive utility in anticipating grade 2 or higher BMS occurrences in cervical cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data, planning CT images, and radiotherapy planning documents of 106 cervical cancer patients who underwent radiotherapy at our hospital. The patients were randomly divided into training set and test set in an 8:2 ratio.

Role of the hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet score in predicting thrombophlebitis among patients undergoing peripherally inserted central catheter.

This study analyzes the role of the hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet score (HALP), a pre-catheterization blood parameter, in predicting the occurrence of thrombophlebitis. We recruited 268 in-hospital patients who visited the Department of Oncology of our hospital and underwent peripherally inserted central catheter between January 2021 and January 2024. The cutoff value of the HALP score was defined using receiver's operating characteristic curve, and the differences were analyzed with log-rank test.

Survival risk stratification based on prognosis nomogram to identify patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who may benefit from postoperative adjuvant therapy.

Objective: The purpose of the study is to develop a prognosis nomogram for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients with radical resection and to identify patients who may benefit from postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy through survival risk stratification.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled patients who underwent esophagectomy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from July 2015 to June 2017. Patients with stage I-III esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who received radical R0 resection with or without postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy were included.

Tumor habitat-based MRI features assessing early response in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Objective: The early response to concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC) is closely correlated with prognosis. In this study, we aimed to predict early response using a combined model that combines sub-regional radiomics features from multi-sequence MRI with clinically relevant factors.

Methods: A total of 104 patients with LA-NPC were randomly divided into training and test cohorts at a ratio of 3:1.

FAP positive cancer-associated fibroblasts promote tumor progression and radioresistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by transferring exosomal lncRNA AFAP1-AS1.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are abundant and heterogeneous stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment, which play important roles in regulating tumor progression and therapy resistance by transferring exosomes to cancer cells. However, how CAFs modulate esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progression and radioresistance remains incompletely understood. The expression of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) in CAFs was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 174 ESCC patients who underwent surgery and 78 pretreatment biopsy specimens of ESCC patients who underwent definitive chemoradiotherapy.

A Network Meta-Analysis of the Systemic Therapies in Unresectable Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Unlabelled: The current standard treatment for locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (LASCCHN) comprises concurrent radiotherapy (CRT) alongside platinum-based chemotherapy. However, innovative therapeutic alternatives are being evaluated in phase II/III randomized trials. This study employed a Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA) using fixed effects to provide both direct and indirect comparisons of all existing treatment modalities for unresectable LASCCHN.

Hypoxia inhibits ferritinophagy-mediated ferroptosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via the USP2-NCOA4 axis.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a prevalent malignancy of the digestive system. Hypoxia is a crucial player in tumor ferroptosis resistance. However, the molecular mechanism of hypoxia-mediated ferroptosis resistance in ESCC remains unclear.

Comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of 33 human cancers reveals immunotherapeutic value of focal adhesion tyrosine kinase.

The immune environment in tumors is the key factor affecting the survival and immunotherapeutic response of patients. This research aimed to explore the underlying association between focal adhesion tyrosine kinase (FAK/PTK2) and cancer immunotherapy in 33 human cancers. Gene expression data and clinical features of 33 cancers were retrieved from the Cancer Genome Atlas Database.

Combined use of NK cells and radiotherapy in the treatment of solid tumors.

Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes possessing potent tumor surveillance and elimination activity. Increasing attention is being focused on the role of NK cells in integral antitumor strategies (especially immunotherapy). Of note, therapeutic efficacy is considerable dependent on two parameters: the infiltration and cytotoxicity of NK cells in tumor microenvironment (TME), both of which are impaired by several obstacles (e.

Enzyme-catalyzed electrochemical aptasensor for ultrasensitive detection of soluble PD-L1 in breast cancer based on decorated covalent organic frameworks and carbon nanotubes.

Background: Soluble programmed death-ligand 1 (sPD-L1) is critically involved in breast cancer recurrence and metastasis. However, the clinical application of highly sensitive sPD-L1 assays remains a challenge due to its low abundance in peripheral blood. To address this issue, for the first time, an enzyme-catalyzed electrochemical aptasensing platform was devised, incorporating covalent organic frameworks-gold nanoparticles-antibody-horseradish peroxidase (COFs-AuNPs-Ab-HRP) and polyethyleneimine-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-PEI-AuNPs) for the highly specific and ultrasensitive detection of sPD-L1.

circFNDC3B promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression by targeting MYO5A via miR-370-3p/miR-136-5p.

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a prevalent malignant tumor worldwide. Circular RNA (circRNA) is of great value in tumorigenesis progression. However, the mechanism of circFNDC3B in ESCC remains to be clarified.