Deep learning and pathomics analyses predict prognosis of high-grade gliomas.

Objective: Utilizing pathomics to analyze high-grade gliomas and provide prognostic insights.

Methods: Regions of Interest (ROIs) in tumor areas were identified in whole-slide images (WSI). Tumor patches underwent cropping, white space removal, and normalization.

A multicenter, real-world study analysis: pembrolizumab changes treatment strategy for the patient with recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 has made breakthrough progress in the treatment of recurrent and metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC). However, the Asian population in KEYNOTE-048 only accounts for 13.2% of the total population, and there is a lack of data on the mainland Chinese population.

The Impact of Whole-Course Immunonutrition Management on Patients With Stage III and IV Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Undergoing Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of whole-course immunonutrition management (WIM) on patients with stage III and IV nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) undergoing radiotherapy.

Methods: A total of 103 patients with NPC admitted to our hospital between October 2021 and June 2023 were assigned to receive either conventional nursing (routine group,  = 51) or WIM therapy (experimental group,  = 52) according to different nursing methods. Outcome measures included nutritional status assessment, haematological indicators, adverse reactions and the social support situation.

Radiomic analysis based on machine learning of multi-sequences MR to assess early treatment response in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

ObjectiveThe prediction of early response in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC) after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) is important for determining the need for timely consolidation therapy. We developed a radiomic analysis of multi-sequences MR based on machine learning (ML) to assess early response in LA-NPC after CCRT.MethodsThis study retrospectively enrolled 104 LA-NPC patients, randomly divided into training (70%) and test (30%) cohorts.

Efficacy and safety of simultaneous integrated boost intensity-modulated radiotherapy combined with temozolomide for the postoperative chemotherapy treatment of multifocal high-grade glioma.

Background: The multifocal manifestation of high-grade glioma is a rare disease with an unfavorable prognosis. The pathogenesis of multifocal gliomas and pathophysiological differences in unifocal gliomas are not fully understood. The optimal treatment for patients with multifocal high-grade glioma is not defined in the current guidelines; therefore, individual case series may be helpful as guidance for clinical decision-making.

Concurrent Tumor-Treating Fields and Chemoradiotherapy: Outcomes in Grade 4 Glioma Patients.

Background: Surgical intervention, complemented by radiotherapy and chemotherapy with temozolomide, constitutes the conventional treatment protocol for patients with newly diagnosed grade 4 glioma. We have conducted a research to evaluate the efficacy and safety of an integrated treatment regimen that incorporates tumor-treating fields with concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Methods: This retrospective research analyzed the clinical data of 39 adults who were newly diagnosed with World Health Organization (WHO) grade 4 gliomas at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, between February 2022 and April 2023.

Whole-Brain Radiotherapy Simultaneous Integrated Boost Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy Combined With Anlotinib in the Treatment of Brain Metastases.

Introduction: Whole-brain radiotherapy simultaneous integrated boost intensity-modulated radiotherapy (WBRT + SIB-IMRT) is a potential treatment approach for brain metastasis (BM) that may result in improved overall survival (OS). However, the safety and efficacy of WBRT + SIB-IMRT combined with anlotinib for BM treatment remain uncertain.

Methods: We retrospectively compared the safety and efficacy of anlotinib + WBRT + SIB-IMRT with those of WBRT + SIB-IMRT in patients with BM from 2019 to 2022.

A Network Meta-Analysis of the Systemic Therapies in Unresectable Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Unlabelled: The current standard treatment for locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (LASCCHN) comprises concurrent radiotherapy (CRT) alongside platinum-based chemotherapy. However, innovative therapeutic alternatives are being evaluated in phase II/III randomized trials. This study employed a Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA) using fixed effects to provide both direct and indirect comparisons of all existing treatment modalities for unresectable LASCCHN.

Reactivating PTEN to impair glioma stem cells by inhibiting cytosolic iron-sulfur assembly.

Glioblastoma, the most lethal primary brain tumor, harbors glioma stem cells (GSCs) that not only initiate and maintain malignant phenotypes but also enhance therapeutic resistance. Although frequently mutated in glioblastomas, the function and regulation of PTEN in PTEN-intact GSCs are unknown. Here, we found that PTEN directly interacted with MMS19 and competitively disrupted MMS19-based cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster assembly (CIA) machinery in differentiated glioma cells.

DNA polymerase iota promotes EMT and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by interacting with USP7 to stabilize HIF-1α.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most lethal cancer types, with a low 5-year survival rate of ~20%. Our prior research has suggested that DNA Polymerase iota (Pol ι), a member of Y-family DNA polymerase, plays a crucial role in the invasion and metastasis of ESCC. However, the underlying mechanism is not well understood.

Combined use of NK cells and radiotherapy in the treatment of solid tumors.

Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes possessing potent tumor surveillance and elimination activity. Increasing attention is being focused on the role of NK cells in integral antitumor strategies (especially immunotherapy). Of note, therapeutic efficacy is considerable dependent on two parameters: the infiltration and cytotoxicity of NK cells in tumor microenvironment (TME), both of which are impaired by several obstacles (e.

[Retracted] miR‑639 is associated with advanced cancer stages and promotes proliferation and migration of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.

Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase 1 metabolizes temozolomide to activate AMPK for driving chemoresistance of glioblastomas.

Temozolomide (TMZ) is a standard treatment for glioblastoma (GBM) patients. However, TMZ has moderate therapeutic effects due to chemoresistance of GBM cells through less clarified mechanisms. Here, we demonstrate that TMZ-derived 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide (AICA) is converted to AICA ribosyl-5-phosphate (AICAR) in GBM cells.

A MRI-based radiomics model for predicting the response to anlotinb combined with temozolomide in recurrent malignant glioma patients.

Objective: Anlotinib is a multitarget anti-angiogenic drug that combined with temozolomide (TMZ) can effectively prolongs the overall survival (OS) of recurrent malignant glioma(rMG),but some patients do not respond to anlotinib combined with TMZ. These patients were associated with a worse prognosis and lack effective identification methods. Therefore, it is necessary to differentiate patients who may have good response to anlotinb in combination with TMZ from those who are not, in order to provide personalized targeted therapies.

Targeting CDK4/6 in glioblastoma injection of a cellulose-based hydrogel.

Despite aggressive treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the prognosis of glioblastoma (GBM) remains poor, and tumor recurrence is inevitable. The FDA-approved CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib (PB) showed interesting anti-GBM effects, but its brain penetration is limited by the blood-brain barrier. The aim of this project is to find whether the cellulose-based hydrogel injection could provide an alternative route to PB brain delivery and generate sufficient drug exposure in orthotopic GBM.

MRI-based clinical radiomics nomogram may predict the early response after concurrent chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Objective: Tumor residue after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients often predicts poor prognosis. Thus, the objective of this retrospective study is to develop a nomogram that combines magnetic resonance (MRI) radiomics features and clinical features to predict the early response of locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC).

Methods: A total of 91 patients with LA-NPC were included in this study.

Psychological Burden of Patients with Head and Neck Cancer Undergoing Radiotherapy and Their Family Caregivers: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Background: The consequences of Head and neck cancer (HNC) affect both the person who receives the diagnosis and their family caregivers (FCs).

Objective: To investigate the psychological status of patients and their FCs, and the burden of the FCs during radiotherapy.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with a questionnaire survey by convenience sampling method.

PGC1α Degradation Suppresses Mitochondrial Biogenesis to Confer Radiation Resistance in Glioma.

Unlabelled: Radiotherapy is a major component of standard-of-care treatment for gliomas, the most prevalent type of brain tumor. However, resistance to radiotherapy remains a major concern. Identification of mechanisms governing radioresistance in gliomas could reveal improved therapeutic strategies for treating patients.

Noninvasive Determination of the IDH Status of Gliomas Using MRI and MRI-Based Radiomics: Impact on Diagnosis and Prognosis.

Gliomas are the most common primary malignant brain tumors in adults. The fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System, published in 2021, provided molecular and practical approaches to CNS tumor taxonomy. Currently, molecular features are essential for differentiating the histological subtypes of gliomas, and recent studies have emphasized the importance of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations in stratifying biologically distinct subgroups of gliomas.

Traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions (XJZ, JSS) ameliorate spleen inflammatory response and antioxidant capacity by synergistically regulating NF-κB and Nrf2 signaling pathways in piglets.

Weaning transition generally impairs the immune system, inducing immune disturbance, which may be associated with post-weaning diarrhea and high mortality in piglets. The spleen is a pivotal lymphatic organ that plays a key role in the establishment of the immune system. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescriptions, XiaoJianZhong (XJZ) and Jiansananli-sepsis (JSS), are widely used prescriptions for treating spleen damage and diarrhea.

Preparation, Antibacterial Potential, and Antibacterial Components of Fermented Compound Chinese Medicine Feed Additives.

This experiment was conducted to compare the antibacterial ability and to identify the antibacterial components of different fermented compound Chinese medicine feed additives in order to develop one fermented compound Chinese medicine feed additive product that can effectively alleviate metritis, vaginitis, and mastitis of sows. The Oxford cup method and double dilution method were used to compare the antibacterial ability of three fermented compound Chinese medicine feed additives (A, B, and C). UHPLC-QE-MS-based untargeted metabolomics was used to identify the antibacterial components of fermented compound Chinese medicine feed additives.

Radiation Therapy Efficacy and Toxicity for Orbital and Ocular Adnexal Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (OAMALT): A Single-Center, Retrospective Study of 32 Cases.

Purpose: Lymphomas of the orbit and ocular adnexa are histologically heterogeneous and their incidence rate has been increasing lately. However, because of their rarity and diversity, few cases have been analyzed. This study evaluated patients with orbital and ocular adnexal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (OAMALT), who received radiotherapy, and categorized their clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes, and complications.

[Acceptance Test of Physical Properties of Perfexion Gamma Knife].

The acceptance test of the physical performance for the newly installed PFX Gamma knife was carried out to provide a reference for the quality assurance of the equipment. According to the manufacturer's acceptance manual and Chinese health industry standards, the dose rate of the PFX Gamma knife with maximum collimators in the calibration center point, the focal spot dose distribution with all three collimator sizes, the distance between the RFP and the PPS calibration center point, and the multi-target position accuracy were measured by means of the acceptance tools. The average absorbed dose rate, as measured in April 29, 2019, was 3.