High Performance Monometallic Platinum Fuel Cell Catalyst Derived from Self-Hole-Confined Nanoparticles and Nitrogen-Anchored Single-Atoms.

Platinum and non-precious metal (PtM) alloy multimetallic catalysts have been developed to address the kinetically sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) occurring at the cathodes of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). However, these catalysts inevitably suffer from poor lot-to-lot consistency of chemical compositions and structures during production, and the transition metal leaching in practical applications. Thus, the development of high-performance monometallic Pt catalysts using innovative nanoarchitectures has become important to address the technical challenges that hinder the widespread deployment of the PEMFCs.

Resolving the Capacity-Stability-Cost Trilemma in Multi-Principal-Element Hydrogen Storage Alloys Through Multi-Objective Optimization.

Overcoming the capacity-stability-cost trilemma in hydrogen storage materials represents a fundamental Pareto-type challenge for practical metal hydride applications. Current research efforts remain fragmented, typically pursuing single-parameter optimization while lacking holistic approaches that concurrently satisfy all three criteria. Here, a novel design paradigm is proposed by orchestrating A/B-side multi-principal-element alloys (MPEAs) in C14 Laves phases, enabling concurrent optimization of interstitial hydrogen storage environments and thermodynamics.

The GLP1R Agonist Semaglutide Inhibits Reactive Astrocytes and Enhances the Efficacy of Neural Stem Cell Transplantation Therapy in Parkinson's Disease Mice.

Cell transplantation offers a promising approach for treating Parkinson's disease (PD), but the limited survival of transplanted cells remains a major challenge. Reactive astrocytes, abundant in PD brains, may exacerbate this issue. GLP1R agonists, like semaglutide, are shown to inhibit reactive astrocytes in PD models.

Safety and Immunogenicity of a 23-Valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine (PPSV23) in Chinese Children, Adults and the Elderly: A Phase 4, Randomized, Double-Blind, Active-Controlled Clinical Trial.

Objectives: This randomized, double-blind, active-controlled non-inferiority phase 4 clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of a 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) compared to an active comparator vaccine.

Methods: Pneumococcal vaccine-naïve participants aged ≥2 years were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive a single dose of either the investigational vaccine ( = 1199) or the comparator vaccine ( = 600). Immunogenicity was evaluated at baseline and 30 days post-vaccination by measuring serotype-specific IgG antibodies against all 23 pneumococcal serotypes using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Rapid and contamination-free detection of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus as a viral indicator in wastewater via UDG-RT-LAMP combined with CRISPR/Cas12a.

The removal of viruses by wastewater treatment plants plays a pivotal role in ensuring water environment safety, where precise evaluation of elimination efficiency is essential for controlling viral dissemination. Current bacterial indicators exhibit limited correlations with virological safety parameters, whereas conventional viral detection methods face practical constraints such as high instrumentation requirements and long detection cycles. To overcome these limitations, this study presents an on-site detection method for cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) in wastewater as a viral indicator, integrating uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG)-reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) with CRISPR/Cas12a (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated nuclease 12a)-mediated biosensing system.

eIF2α Kinases Involve in the Regulation of VSV Replication Through CHOP in SMMC7721 Cells.

Previous studies have shown that eIF2α kinases involved in viral replication through eIF2α phosphorylation upon vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) infection. The oncotherapy approach of VSV is based on its inducing controlled apoptosis in tumor cells. In this study, we explorated the role of eIF2α kinases in VSV replication and CHOP expression in SMMC7721 cell lines.

Mcm10 and RecQL4 Synergize to Activate the Eukaryotic Replicative DNA Helicase.

Chromosomes are copied from thousands of origins. At each origin, two replicative DNA helicases are first assembled, then activated to begin unwinding DNA. Several replication proteins are subsequently recruited to the active helicase, forming a replisome.

Differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ovarian tumors with combined tumor and systemic inflammation-related markers.

To explore the diagnostic significance of pre-surgery peripheral blood tumor markers cancer antigen 125 (CA125) and human epitope protein 4 (HE4), in conjunction with neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet count-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immunoinflammatory index (SII), in the differential diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and benign ovarian tumors. Determine the best combination of diagnostic indicators for early diagnosis of EOC. We retrospectively analyzed clinical data from 189 patients with EOC and 202 patients with benign ovarian tumors, comparing levels of CA125, HE4, and inflammatory markers, and evaluated the efficacy of these markers in diagnosing EOC alone or in combination by calculating sensitivity, specificity, and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC).

Development of an SI-traceable magnetic solid-phase extraction coupled with isotope dilution LC-MS/MS method for accurate quantification of alpha-fetoprotein in human serum.

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a critical biomarker widely used for the screening and diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and germ cell tumors. Although immunoassays are commonly employed for AFP detection, significant discrepancies in measurement results across different laboratories persist due to poor harmonization among methods. To improve the accuracy and harmonization of AFP quantification, this study developed a novel magnetic solid-phase extraction coupled with isotope dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (MSPE-ID-LC-MS/MS) method for the precise measurement of AFP in serum.

Meta-analysis of the effects of levothyroxine therapy for subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy on offspring outcomes.

Objective: To conduct a systematic evaluation of the impact of levothyroxine (L-T4) therapy on birth outcomes in pregnancies complicated by subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH).

Methods: A thorough literature review was conducted across several databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Sinomed, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI), and VIP Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), to investigate the impact of L-T4 treatment of SCH during pregnancy on birth outcomes in offspring. Based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, two researchers were appointed to extract data and assess the quality of the literature.

Epidemiological trends and age-period-cohort effects on subarachnoid hemorrhage burden across the BRICS-plus from 1992 to 2021.

Background: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a major global health concern associated with disproportionately high morbidity and mortality. The BRICS-plus nations (Brazil, Russian Federation, India, China, South Africa, and six other new members), account for a substantial proportion of the global population while being confronted with distinct public health challenges. This study aims to examine epidemiological trends and regional variations in SAH burden across BRICS-plus nations through comprehensive and timely analysis.

Dietary supplementation of yeast glycoprotein improves egg quality, immunity, antioxidant capacity, and fecal microbiota in laying hen.

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of yeast glycoprotein (YG) on the laying performance, egg quality, immune parameters, antioxidant capacity, deodorizing properties, and fecal microbial composition of laying hens. Results demonstrated that dietary YG significantly increased albumen height compared to CON (P < 0.05).

Rhythmic light exposure during incubation enhances liver development and lipid accumulation in chicken embryos.

Objective: Chicken embryos are typically incubated in complete darkness, overlooking the potential influence of rhythmic light exposure. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a 12-hour light/12-hour dark rhythmic light environment on liver development and lipid metabolism in chicken embryos, providing a foundation for regulating poultry physiology through light manipulation.

Methods: Fertile eggs were incubated under two lighting conditions: a 12 h light/12 h dark cycle (LD group) and constant darkness (DD group).

Development of Certified Reference Material of L-Thyroxine by Using Mass Balance and Quantitative Nuclear Magnetic Resonance.

L-thyroxine (T4) is an important hormone for diagnosing and evaluating thyroid function disorders. As outlined in ISO17511, having a certified reference material (CRM) is crucial for ensuring that the results of clinical tests are traceable to the SI-unit. This study employed two principal methods to evaluate the purity of T4, mass balance (MB) and quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR), both of which are SI-traceable (International System of Units) approaches.

Pungency characterization of spicy leisure foods by sensory analysis combined with the liquid chromatogrephy-ultraviolet method.

Background: Pungency is a critical sensory attribute influencing consumer preference and acceptance of spicy leisure foods (SLFs). In this study, we evaluated the sensory pungency and capsaicinoid content of 26 commercially available SLFs using a 15 cm linear sensory scale and liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. The relationship between perceived pungency and capsaicinoid concentration was further modeled using a psychophysical approach.

Discovery of degrader for FLT3, GSPT1 and IKZF1/3 proteins merging PROTAC and molecular glue targeting FLT3-ITD mutant acute myeloid leukemia.

Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) is a type III receptor tyrosine kinase expressed in hematopoietic progenitor cells and in most AML cell lines. Pharmacological inhibition of FLT3 enzymatic function is now a well-established strategy for the treatment of patients with these malignancies. Herein, we report the discovery and characterization of a FLT3 degrader A2.

Ensuring safe utilization of hydrochars in sustainable agriculture: Insights into the phytotoxicity and plant-promoting effects of low molecular weight organic compounds (LMWOCs) based on the untargeted metabolomics analysis.

Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) converts agricultural residues into hydrochar for soil amendment, yet its phytotoxicity limits agricultural application. This study investigates hydrochar-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM) to unravel phytotoxicity mechanisms and proposes co-HTC as a mitigation strategy. Untargeted metabolomics identified low molecular weight organic compounds (LMWOCs) in hydrochar extracts from lignocellulosic biomass (ZB), swine manure (SM), and their 1:1 mixture.

Development and validation of machine learning models for distant metastasis of primary hepatic carcinoma: a population-based study.

Background: Primary liver cancer is the sixth most common cancer globally and ranks third in cancer-related mortality. Patients with distant metastasis (PLCDM) have particularly low survival rates and are more difficult to treat. This study aims to identify risk factors associated with distant metastasis and overall survival (OS) in primary liver cancer and to determine the optimal predictive models using machine learning.

The Application of Ultrasound-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Opening in Neurology and Immunology.

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) acts as a stringent biological filter situated between the circulatory system and the brain's tissue, shielding the brain by preventing the entry of detrimental neurotoxic substances into the central nervous system (CNS). Nevertheless, the BBB also restricts the entry of most therapeutic drugs, resulting in only a few medications currently available for the clinical treatment of neurological diseases. Consequently, it is imperative to discover a secure and potent technique to temporarily disrupt the BBB for the purpose of directed medication administration.

Addressing the Underutilization of Hospice Care in Asian American Communities: A Scoping Review.

ObjectivesDespite national improvements in hospice care, utilization remains low among Asian American (AA) communities. This scoping review aims to systematically map the literature on barriers to hospice use in this population, focusing on the roles of communication, cultural beliefs, and healthcare system factors.MethodsA scoping review was conducted on studies published in English between January 2010 and December 2024 to capture recent trends.

Orthogonal CRISPR/Cas system facilitated dual-color fluorescence fiber-embedded optofluidic nano-biochip for parallel amplification-free on-site detection of bacterium and virus.

Bacterial and viral co-infections significantly exacerbate morbidity and mortality. Rapid, sensitive, and parallel detection of these pathogens remains a critical challenge. Here, an orthogonal CRISPR/Cas system facilitated dual-color fluorescence fiber-embedded optofluidic nano-biochip (CD-FOB) was fabricated.

Exploring deep learning in third-year undergraduate nursing students: a mixed methods study.

Background: Deep learning is an important way for nursing undergraduates to develop professional skills. It is helpful for these students to successfully complete clinical practice and provide high-quality care. However, research focusing on deep learning in nursing undergraduates is scarce.

Ultrasound-guided sclerotherapy of pingyangmycin for periorbital lymphatic malformations.

Background: This study investigated the treatment outcomes of ultrasound-guided sclerotherapy with pingyangmycin for periorbital lymphatic malformations (LMs).

Method: A retrospective study of patients with periorbital LMs who underwent ultrasound-guided sclerotherapy in our department between 2017 and 2024 was conducted.

Results: One boy and seven girls with periorbital LMs were analyzed.

Bridging systemic metabolic dysfunction and Alzheimer's disease: the liver interface.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasingly recognized as a systemic disorder with a substantial metabolic disorder component, where the liver significantly impacts the brain via the liver-brain axis. Key mechanisms include the liver's role in clearing peripheral β-amyloid (Aβ), the influence of hepatic enzymes and metabolites on cognitive decline, and the systemic effects of metabolic disorders on AD progression. Hepatokines, liver-secreted proteins including fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-21, selenoprotein P (SELENOP), Fetuin-A, Midbrain astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF), apolipoprotein J (ApoJ), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), Adropin and Angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3), could regulate insulin sensitivity, lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, immune responses, and neurotrophic support.