Dark tea ameliorates liver fibrosis via FXR/TGR5-mediated intestinal permeability and liver sinusoidal capillarization.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Dark tea, a post-fermented tea, has traditionally been used to regulate liver disorders. As an ethnomedicinal plant, its efficacy in alleviating chronic liver disease has been demonstrated.

Aim Of The Study: This study explored the protective effect and potential mechanism of dark tea extract (DTE) against hepatic fibrosis.

Improved Photocytotoxicity Based on Triblock Polymer-Derived Nanostructure.

Enhancing singlet oxygen generation for photosensitizers in aqueous media can markedly improve the efficacy of photochemical therapy. Herein, triblock polymers composed of pyropheophorbide a photosensitizer (PPa), polyethylene glycol, and phospholipid are synthesized. These triblock polymers, driven by hydrophilic-hydrophobic interactions, spontaneously fold into an amphiphilic structure and further self-assemble into nanomicelles.

SUMO E1 covalent allosteric inhibitors upregulate polyamine synthesis via the MAT2A-AdoMetDC axis.

Upregulation of protein SUMOylation is associated with various diseases, and SUMOylation inhibitors are promising drug candidates. We performed the first virtual screening of SUMO E1 covalent allosteric inhibitors (CAIs) and identified two SUMO E1 CAIs with new scaffolds and covalent warheads. We further demonstrated that these new CAIs perturbed the SUMOylation pathway and protein SUMOylation.

Visible-Light-Responsive Polyoxometalate-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks for Photocatalytic Detoxification of Mustard Gas Simulant.

Two [Ru(bpy)] derivative-incorporated polyoxometalate-based metal-organic frameworks (POM@MOFs), {Cd(HO)Mn(HO)[Ru(dcbpy)][PMoMoO]}·6HO () and {Cd(HO)Cu(HO)[Ru(dcbpy)][PMoMoO]}·6HO (), have been prepared through a conventional hydrothermal method. The introduction of Ru metalloligands enhanced the visible light absorption of POM@MOFs, and the photocatalytic detoxification reaction of mustard gas simulant 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) confirmed their fascinating photocatalytic performances. Under visible light irradiation (λ > 400 nm), both and exhibited efficient photocatalytic properties for the detoxification of CEES into nontoxic CEESO in air, with a selectivity of 97% and a TOF of 26.

Large language model driven transferable key information extraction mechanism for nonstandardized tables.

Extracting key information from unstructured tables poses significant challenges due to layout variability, dependence on large annotated datasets, and inability of existing methods to directly output structured formats like JSON. These limitations hinder scalability and generalization to unseen document formats. We propose the Large Language Model Driven Transferable Key Information Extraction Mechanism (LLM-TKIE), which employs text detection to identify relevant regions in document images, followed by text recognition to extract content.

Modulation of the Surface Catalytic Activity of Boron-Doped Cobalt Oxide with Crystalline/Amorphous Interfaces for High-Stability Acetone Detection.

Enhancing the gas-solid interface interaction between sensing materials and O is promising for the development of high-performance metal oxide-based chemiresistive gas sensors. Nevertheless, high-performance gas sensors have not been developed owing to the lack of a deep understanding of the sensing mechanism with regards to gas-solid interface interactions. In this study, boron-doped cobalt oxide (B-CoO) with crystalline/amorphous interfaces was synthesized for acetone detection.

Numerical Study of Stud Welding Temperature Fields on Steel-Concrete Composite Bridges.

Non-uniform temperature fields are developed during the welding of studs in steel-concrete composite bridges. Due to uneven thermal expansion and reversible solid-state phase transformations between ferrite/martensite and austenite structures within the materials, residual stresses are induced, which ultimately degrades the mechanical performance of the structure. For a better understanding of the influence on steel-concrete composite bridges' structural behavior by residual stress, accurate simulation of the spatio-temporal temperature distribution during stud welding under practical engineering conditions is critical.

Meta-analysis of the effects of levothyroxine therapy for subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy on offspring outcomes.

Objective: To conduct a systematic evaluation of the impact of levothyroxine (L-T4) therapy on birth outcomes in pregnancies complicated by subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH).

Methods: A thorough literature review was conducted across several databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Sinomed, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI), and VIP Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), to investigate the impact of L-T4 treatment of SCH during pregnancy on birth outcomes in offspring. Based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, two researchers were appointed to extract data and assess the quality of the literature.

Bearing remaining useful life prediction based on optimized VMD and BiLSTM-CBAM.

To address the issue of low accuracy in existing remaining useful life (RUL) prediction algorithms for rolling bearings, this paper proposes a novel RUL prediction method based on the Beluga Whale Optimization (BWO) algorithm, Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD), an improved Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM*), and a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) network. First, BWO is utilized to optimize the parameters of VMD, which is then applied to decompose and reconstruct the original vibration signals. Subsequently, time-domain and frequency-domain features are extracted from the reconstructed data to construct a degradation feature set.

High-Efficiency Discovery and Structure-Activity-Relationship Analysis of Nonsubstrate-Based Covalent Inhibitors of -Adenosylmethionine Decarboxylase.

The resurgence of targeted covalent inhibitors (TCIs) in the past decade has resulted in several blockbuster covalent drugs. Various computational methods have been developed for TCI discovery, but predicting TCI reactivity remains challenging due to interferences between noncovalent scaffolds and reactive warheads, leading to low screening efficiency and high experimental costs. Here, we improved our SCARdock protocol by incorporating quantum chemistry-based warhead reactivity calculation.

EPHA4 signaling dysregulation links abnormal locomotion and the development of idiopathic scoliosis.

Idiopathic scoliosis (IS) is the most common form of spinal deformity with unclear pathogenesis. In this study, we first reanalyzed the loci associated with IS, drawing upon previous studies. Subsequently, we mapped these loci to candidate genes using either location-based or function-based strategies.

Mechanism and regulation of mitophagy in liver diseases: a review.

Mitochondria are vital for the proper operation of healthy eukaryotic cells. Mitophagy, a specialized form of autophagy that targets damaged or surplus mitochondria, plays a key role in both the normal functioning and disease-related processes within the liver. This review aims to explore the main mechanisms underlying the initiation of mitophagy and its importance in various liver conditions, such as alcoholic liver disease, drug-induced liver injury, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, viral hepatitis, and cancer.

Recombinant Ostreolysin Promotes the Browning of Preadipocytes by Inhibiting the Expression of Genes Associated With the Hedgehog Signaling Pathway in db/db Mice.

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a highly prevalent metabolic-related fatty liver disease, has become a major global health issue with limited therapeutic options. Recent studies indicated that ostreolysin (Oly), a protein derived from oyster mushrooms, could be a potential therapeutic agent for NASH. In this study, recombinant Oly (rOly) was expressed in E.

Decitabine regulates the resistance of HCC to sorafenib through demethylation.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of sorafenib in combination with the DNA methylation inhibitor decitabine (DAC) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to investigate the mechanism of sorafenib resistance from an epigenetic perspective, aiming to provide new insights and strategies for HCC therapy.

Methods: The GEPIA2 database was used to analyze the expression of solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3 (SLCO1B3) in various tumors and adjacent normal tissues. The Kaplan-Meier method was applied to assess the relationship between SLCO1B3 expression and overall survival.

Mechanistic Insights into CO Slug Displacement Assisted by N and CH in Wedge-Shaped Pores.

The supply demand imbalance of energy facilitates the development of unconventional oil and gas, particularly shale reserves. Herein, the mechanism of N- and CH-assisted CO slug flooding in wedge-shaped pores is studied by molecular dynamics simulations. The results show that in the process of N-assisted CO flooding, CO can form a sufficient mutual solubility effect with the oil phase in the pore II (pore size 3 ∼ 8 nm) when CO is preflooded, and the postinjected N has a strong driving ability, so the mutual solubility of the CO/oil phase can be better displaced.

Preparation and Characterization of PVA/PVP/CS Bionic Hydrogels.

Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels are water-rich biomimetics with soft properties. However, the mechanical properties and surface properties of PVA hydrogels are quite different from natural oral soft tissues when applied to a simulated oral environment. To select suitable enhancement to modify PVA hydrogel for simulating oral soft tissue, an ingenious strategy is developed for enhancing PVA hydrogel in this study.

A Multifunctional Fe-EGCG@RSL3 Nanomedicine Synergizes Ferroptosis Induction and Tumor Microenvironment Remodeling for Enhanced Bladder Cancer Immunotherapy.

Ferroptosis has promising potential for augmenting antitumor effects, but monotherapy with ferroptosis inducers in vivo has been reported to have limited efficacy in tumor management. The development of synergistic strategies with targeted capabilities is crucial for enhancing the antitumor efficacy of ferroptosis inducers. In this study, we designed and characterized a novel self-assembled nanomedicine by mixing ferrous ions (Fe) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in a controllable manner and encapsulating the ferroptosis inducer RSL3, named Fe-EGCG@RSL3.

Engineering CRISPR System-Based Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicle Potentiates T Cell Immunity for Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy.

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has revolutionized cancer treatment but only benefits a subset of patients because of insufficient infiltration and inactivation of effector T cells. Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) can activate immunity and deliver therapeutic agents for immunotherapy. However, efficiently targeting and packaging therapeutic molecules into OMVs remains challenging.

Safety and efficacy of alcohol-mediated bilateral adrenal artery embolization in patients with idiopathic hyperaldosteronism: a 6-month follow-up of a randomized controlled trial.

Although unilateral adrenal artery embolization (AAE) has emerged as an alternative treatment for patients with primary aldosteronism (PA), it may be insufficient for treating patients with idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA) due to the bilateral nature of their condition. This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of alcohol-mediated bilateral adrenal artery embolization (Bi-AAE) in patients with idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA). A total of 72 patients were randomly assigned in a (1:1) ratio to receive either Bi-AAE or spironolactone (20-60 mg/day).

Construction of vascularized liver microtissues recapitulates angiocrine-mediated hepatocytes maturation and enhances therapeutic efficacy for acute liver failure.

Liver failure poses a significant challenge for millions of patients. The use of primary human hepatocytes and the engineering of liver organoids or liver tissue provide promising solutions to mitigate the shortage of donor organs. However, insufficient vascularization and functional immaturity remain major barriers impeding optimal functional recovery after transplantation.

Failure Mechanism of Zonal Isolation for Cement Sheath Induced by Density Reduction Operations after Liner Casing Cementing.

Zonal isolation in deep natural gas wells is often jeopardized by the formation of microgaps at the cement sheath interface during operations involving significant reductions in wellbore fluid density, which can result in annular gas migration and compromised sealing integrity. This study investigates the bonding strength at the cement sheath interface by establishing casing-cement-formation composite models. The impact of fluid density reduction on cement sheath stress was analyzed across the casing overlap section, open-hole section, and well bottom, revealing depth-dependent variations.

Atmospheric Switching between Etching and High-Quality Fluorination of Graphene by XeF.

Fluorinated graphene (FG), a two-dimensional graphene derivative, has attracted wide attention due to its extraordinary physical and chemical properties, as well as its underlying applications. The treatment of xenon difluoride (XeF) has proved to be an effective way to achieve FG with different stoichiometric F/C ratios without graphene being etched. Here we compare the fluorination of mechanically exfoliated graphene by a home-built XeF fluorination system and a commercial Orbis XeF etching system.

Activation Pattern of Attentional Templates Affects Dual-target Search.

Neural activation of the target representation (template) facilitates attentional guidance, allowing humans to effectively perform visual search. However, visual search is not always very effective, especially when searching for multiple templates. The reduced search efficiency under dual-target compared with single-target searches is known as the dual-target cost and might be caused by decreased precision, increased resource consumption, or the switch cost between activated templates.

Analysis of Combustion Behavior and Comparison of Kinetic Models of Oil Shale.

This study examines the thermal characteristics and kinetics of oil shale combustion using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) at various heating rates. The combustion process includes three stages: dehydration, main combustion (70-80% mass loss), and mineral decomposition. Kinetic analysis using model-free (Ozawa-Flynn-Wall, Kissinger) and model-based (multi-step reaction kinetics) methods revealed that the second-order reaction model (F2) had the highest accuracy.