Novel Biphenyls From Garcinia multiflora: Isolation and α-Amylase Inhibitory Properties.

Garcinia multiflora Champ. ex Benth. is a microphanerophyte species belonging to the genus Garcinia in the family Clusiaceae.

CATCHFIRE-Based Versatile and High-Throughput Screening for Protein Secretion in .

The combination of random mutagenesis and high-throughput screening is an effective strategy for optimizing protein secretion in . However, this strategy is often limited by reliance on activity-dependent screening. Here, we developed a CATCHFIRE (chemically assisted tethering of chimera by fluorogenic-induced recognition) system-based screening method for the quantification of secreted protein, in which the small peptide tag (11 amino acids) was fused to the C-terminus of a target protein, and the secretion of this protein could be detected via fluorescence after addition of the mate (114 amino acids) and the fluorogenic inducer compound match.

Polystyrene nanoplastics induced retinal toxicity: Size-, dose-, and developmental stage-dependent effects on human neural retina organoids.

Nanoplastics (NPs) are emerging contaminants that have received worldwide attention due to their threats to human health. Although NPs have been reported to cause adverse effects on animal retinas, their potential effects on the human retina are poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the impact of polystyrene-NPs (PS-NPs) on human neural retina organoids (hNROs), which mimic the early developing neural retina.

Genome-wide identification and characterization of the ubiquitin-specific protease (USP) gene family in cattle: primary analysis of muscle-specific USP genes and their influence on myogenesis.

Background: The ubiquitin-proteasome system(UPS) is a critical biological pathway that regulates protein function and plays a pivotal role in muscle formation. Nevertheless, the current comprehension of the ubiquitin-specific protease (USP) family, an important component of the UPS, in relation to bovine myoblast development remains relatively limited. This study aims to characterize the bovine USPs and conduct a preliminary analysis of their function, to provide valuable insights for enhancing beef yield and quality.

IVIM combined with DCE-MRI characterize architectural distortion detected on mammography: A pilot study.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) combined with dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in patients with architectural distortion (AD) changes on mammography.

Methods: Data were collected from patients who underwent breast MRI after being diagnosed with AD changes on mammography between April 2019 and February 2022. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 80 patients were ultimately included in this study.

Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Body Weight and Its Stability in Huaxi Cows from Xinjiang Region.

In this study, we analyzed data from 2992 cows to comprehensively evaluate the adult weight (WEI), a key growth and body-size indicator, in West China cattle, aiming to estimate the related phenotypic and genetic parameters. The analysis focused on four weight traits while considering non-genetic factors such as parity, season, year, and birth weight. Data were processed and corrected using a MIXED procedure and a multi-trait animal model.

A Sensitive Ratiometric Thermometer Constructed by AIEgen-Based Mixed Lanthanide MOF for Intracellular Temperature Mapping.

Accurate temperature sensing at the subcellular level is of great significance for gaining insights into a wide range of biological processes. Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) is a promising photophysical phenomenon in which the luminescence intensity is highly related to the degree of restriction of intramolecular motions. By combining AIE luminogen (AIEgen) ligands with mixed lanthanide ions, an AIEgen-based mixed lanthanide MOF (LnMOF) can be synthesized.

Machine learning-based proteomics profiling of ALS identifies downregulation of RPS29 that maintains protein homeostasis and STMN2 level.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating motor neuron disease. The molecular understanding of ALS is hampered by the lack of experimental models recapitulating disease heterogeneity and analytical framework integrating multi-omics datasets. Here, we developed a pipeline integrating machine learning and consensus clustering to analyze a large-scale dataset of patient-derived motor neuron models from Answer ALS.

Expansion of the antibacterial spectrum of symmetrical amino acid-paired antifungal peptides through structural optimization.

Background: Fungal infections often co-occur with antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections, posing clinical treatment challenges. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered promising therapeutic alternatives due to their low potential for inducing drug resistance. This study aimed to enhance the antibacterial potency of an existing antifungal peptide through optimization, developing a dual-function peptide targeting both fungal and bacterial pathogens.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress contributes to insulin resistance in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is one of the most common autoimmune disorders. Patients with HT are more likely to be affected by insulin resistance, even euthyroid individuals. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is related to the pathogenesis of several immunological diseases, such as HT.

Oligosaccharides from the seeds of promote gut microbial metabolite L-arginine production to alleviate cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression.

Introduction: . is a nutritionally and medicinally significant legume, yet research on its bioactive oligosaccharides remains limited. This study investigates the potential of .

Type I Interferon Signaling Augments Autoimmunity in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune disease characterized by anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4) antibody-mediated astrocyte damage and subsequent demyelination. Prior attempts to treat NMOSD with interferon-beta (IFN-β), a disease-modifying therapy for multiple sclerosis, resulted in worsening of disease activity, with an unknown mechanism. Here, robust activation of the cGAS-STING-IFN-I signaling pathway is identified in myeloid cells in both the periphery and central nervous system.

SZ168 alleviates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting podoplanin-induced platelet activation.

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a serious chronic lung disease characterized by progressive dyspnea and deterioration of lung function. According to existing observations, platelet activation and fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation plays an important role in the development of IPF. This study aimed to investigate the role of podoplanin (PDPN) in this differentiation process during IPF progression.

A novel L1C.5 RFLP-1-4-4 recombinant porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus between wild-type virus and a modified-live virus vaccine is highly pathogenic to piglets.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a severe viral disease in pigs caused by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). It poses a severe threat to the global swine breeding industry. Recently, the emergence of PRRSV lineage 1C.

Cohort profile: China healthy aging cohort study (China-Aging).

BackgroundAs China undergoes a demographic transition towards an aging society, the prevalence and incidence of age-related disabilities, Alzheimer's disease, and various geriatric syndromes are steadily rising.ObjectiveThe China Healthy Aging Cohort Study (China-Aging) aims to investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors of disability and cognitive impairment, and to develop predictive models for these conditions by combining traditional risk factors with artificial intelligence-derived metrics (such as gait, speech, vision, etc.).

Extracellular vesicles from antler blastema progenitor cells reverse bone loss and mitigate aging-related phenotypes in mice and macaques.

Antler blastema progenitor cells (ABPCs) are a distinct population of skeletal mesenchymal stem cells found in regenerating deer antlers, with strong stemness and renewal capacity in vitro. Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as potential therapeutic candidates that can mediate donor cells' beneficial effects. Here, we tested the effects of ABPC-derived EVs (EVs) on aging in mice and rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta).

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes improve vascular remodeling by inhibiting EGFR/ErbB2 heterodimerization in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.

A key characteristic of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is pulmonary vascular remodeling, involving abnormal proliferation and migration of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Recent studies indicate that mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-exo) exhibit therapeutic effects on HPH. MSC-exosomes were isolated from the conditioned medium of bone mesenchymal stem cells using ultracentrifugation, confirmed via Western blotting (WB), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and nanoparticle tracking analyses (NTA).

Live-cell imaging of β-galactosidase based on a quinoline-malononitrile-derived AIE probe.

Background: Human β-galactosidase (β-gal) is a lysosomal enzyme responsible for the hydrolysis of glycoconjugates, which is overexpressed in primary ovarian cancers and regarded as a biomarker. Therefore, it is of great importance to develop fluorescent probes activatable by endogenous β-gal with strong signal-to-background contrast to facilitate ovarian cancer diagnosis. Many of the available probes suffer from small Stokes shifts, poor cellular permeability, easy diffusion away from living cells, and self-quenching when accumulated inside the lysosome, asking for the development of new turn-on probes suitable for non-invasive imaging with living cells.

Neonatal-Inspired Reprogramming of Microglial Pan-Programmed Cell Death Enhances Regeneration in Adult Spinal Cord Injury.

In adult mammals, programmed cell death (PCD) facilitates tissue remodeling and regeneration in spinal cord injury (SCI), but excessive activation impedes SCI repair. However, no comprehensive pan-PCD atlas exists that encompasses diverse cell death patterns to fully elucidate PCD in adult SCI and develop strategies for modulating the excessive PCD response. Here, we identified neonatal mice with balanced PCD post-SCI as an ideal model for adult SCI.

A cohort study of neonatal hearing testing and genetic screening for variants associated with susceptibility to aminoglycoside antibiotic-induced hearing loss in Beijing, China.

Genetic variants, many of which are in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), contribute to hearing loss. Screening for these variants facilitates the identification of potential carriers, as many people with these mutations do not show hearing loss at birth but show late-onset hearing loss. We conducted a population-based cohort study involving 180,458 neonates born in Beijing, China.

Mechanistic Insights into CO Slug Displacement Assisted by N and CH in Wedge-Shaped Pores.

The supply demand imbalance of energy facilitates the development of unconventional oil and gas, particularly shale reserves. Herein, the mechanism of N- and CH-assisted CO slug flooding in wedge-shaped pores is studied by molecular dynamics simulations. The results show that in the process of N-assisted CO flooding, CO can form a sufficient mutual solubility effect with the oil phase in the pore II (pore size 3 ∼ 8 nm) when CO is preflooded, and the postinjected N has a strong driving ability, so the mutual solubility of the CO/oil phase can be better displaced.

Reliability and validity of the Clinical pHysical rEsilience assEssment Scale (CHEES) in community-dwelling older adults.

Background: Physical resilience is closely related to healthy aging and refers to the ability of an individual to recover or maintain function after a stressor. However, tools for assessing physical resilience among community-dwelling older adults in China are lacking. We previously developed a 14-item Clinical pHysical rEsilience assEssment Scale (CHEES) in Chinese older adults.