Immune-related adverse events of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in patients with perioperative cancer: a machine-learning-driven, decade-long informatics investigation.

Research on neoadjuvant immunotherapy (NAI) is increasingly focusing on immunotherapy-related adverse events (AEs). However, many unknowns remain in this field. Hence, through the machine learning (ML)-driven informatics analysis, this study aimed to profile the global decade-long scientific landscape of AEs of NAI and further reveal its critical issues and directions that deserve deeper exploration.

A novel fuzzy deep learning network for electroencephalogram classification of major depressive disorder.

This study introduces the EEG-FDL model, a novel optimized fuzzy deep learning approach for classifying Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) using EEG data. Integrating deep learning with fuzzy learning via the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II), EEG-FDL optimizes fuzzy membership functions and backpropagation. The model handles noise and data uncertainty, achieving a remarkable 99.

[Study on effectiveness and changes in immunoglobulin levels of transverse tibial transport in treatment of Wagner grade 3-4 type 2 diabetic foot ulcer].

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of tibial transverse transport (TTT) in treating Wagner grade 3-4 type 2 diabetic foot ulcers and analyze dynamic changes in immunoglobulin levels.

Methods: The clinical data of 68 patients with Wagner grade 3-4 type 2 diabetic foot ulcers treated with TTT between May 2022 and September 2023 was retrospectively analyzed. The cohort included 49 males and 19 females, aged 44-91 years (mean, 67.

Long-range cholinergic input promotes glioblastoma progression.

Glioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive primary brain tumor, is shaped by its integration into neural networks. While glutamatergic input is linked to tumor progression, the broader architecture and function of neuron-glioma connectomes remain unclear. Using monosynaptic rabies tracing, we map brain-wide neural input to patient-derived xenografts and reveal a consistent organizational logic: local inputs are primarily glutamatergic, while long-range connections exhibit diverse neurotransmitter profiles, with basal forebrain cholinergic projections emerging as a conserved input across sites.

Large language model driven transferable key information extraction mechanism for nonstandardized tables.

Extracting key information from unstructured tables poses significant challenges due to layout variability, dependence on large annotated datasets, and inability of existing methods to directly output structured formats like JSON. These limitations hinder scalability and generalization to unseen document formats. We propose the Large Language Model Driven Transferable Key Information Extraction Mechanism (LLM-TKIE), which employs text detection to identify relevant regions in document images, followed by text recognition to extract content.

Prenatal diagnosis and molecular cytogenetic characterization of 12 cases of chromosome 8 inverted duplication deletion syndrome.

Background: Inverted duplication of the short arm of chromosome 8 (inv dup del (8p)) and the deletion of its adjacent terminal represent a rare chromosomal rearrangement. To date, only a limited number of prenatal cases have been documented from a molecular cytogenetic perspective. This study investigates the molecular genetic characteristics and intrauterine ultrasound phenotypes of fetuses prenatally diagnosed with inv dup del (8p).

Managing uncertainty: A grounded theory study of restoring normality in young and middle-aged patients with lymphoma.

Objectives: This study aimed to generate a theoretical framework based on empirical data to explain the behavioral patterns closely related to young and middle-aged patients with lymphoma throughout the disease.

Methods: This study followed the classic grounded theory methodology, involving procedures such as theoretical sampling, substantive coding, theoretical coding, constant comparison, and memo writing and sorting. Multiple data types were used based on the principle of "all is data," including 34 participants providing interview data along with observation notes and 40 relevant secondary texts from the "Lymphoma House" network platform and the "Lymphoma House 086" public account.

Clinical significance of CD45 and CD200 expression in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients.

Objectives: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologically malignant clonal plasma cell disease. This study aims to explore the association between immunophenotypes and prognosis in patients with MM, to determine whether the expression of CD45 and CD200 is related to the prognosis of newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) patients, and to evaluate the significance of the combined expression of CD45 and CD200 in NDMM.

Methods: A total of 123 NDMM patients admitted to Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from July 2015 to August 2019 were enrolled.

Aggravation of rainbow sign on hematoma membrane by arterial spin labeling predicts chronic subdural hematoma recurrence following middle meningeal artery embolization.

Background: Recurrence remains a critical challenge in patients with chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) treated with middle meningeal artery embolization (MMAE), yet the underlying mechanisms and reliable predictors of this phenomenon remain poorly understood. Current predictors of recurrence rely on invasive or radiation-based techniques, prompting the need for non-invasive imaging markers. This study aimed to evaluate the 'rainbow sign aggravation' by arterial spin labeling (ASL) on the hematoma membrane as a predictor of CSDH recurrence after MMAE.

Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses in Characterizing the Anti-Prostate Cancer Effects of Hederagenin.

Hederagenin is a triterpenoid compound extracted from ivy leaves and other natural plant sources. Despite the prominent roles that hederagenin assumes in the fight against cancers, its mechanisms in anti-prostate cancer (PCa) remain inadequately comprehended. In this present study, we found that hederagenin effectively inhibited the proliferation and migration of PCa cells by inducing apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner.

Interocular differences in choroidal thickness and circulation in anisomyopic adults and their association with myopia severity.

Purpose: The study aimed to compare interocular differences in choroidal thickness and circulation between the paired eyes of anisomyopic adults and to further investigate the potential connection between the choroid and myopia severity.

Methods: A total of 120 eyes of 60 anisomyopic adults were included in this observational cross-sectional study. All patients underwent detailed ocular examinations, including spherical equivalent refraction (SER), axial length (AL), and other biometric parameters.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with traumatic brain injury transferred from ultra-high-altitude areas: patient series.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients transferred from high-altitude areas present with unique challenges that complicate the treatment of these patients. This study aims to summarize the clinical characteristics and treatment experience of TBI patients transferred to the authors' center from ultra-high-altitude areas.

Observations: The authors conducted a retrospective case series analysis of 10 TBI cases admitted to their center between January 2021 and December 2023.

Identification of a Potent and Selective Focal Adhesion Kinase Proteolysis Targeting Chimera: Targeting Noncatalytic Functions of Focal Adhesion Kinase to Facilitate Antitumor Immunity.

Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) has emerged as a promising therapeutic target since its pivotal involvement in tumorigenesis. However, FAK inhibitors exhibit limited efficacy in suppressing FAK's noncatalytic functions, potentially compromising their therapeutic outcomes. Herein, we developed a series of FAK PROTACs derived from our previously characterized FAK inhibitor .

Psammomatous Calcifications Identified in Targeted Needle Biopsies and Radical Prostatectomy From IDH1 Mutant Prostatic Adenocarcinoma: Case Report and Literature Review.

IDH1 mutant prostatic adenocarcinoma represents a small fraction of prostate cancer with distinct epigenetic changes, characterized by genome-wide DNA hypermethylation. Recently, prostatic adenocarcinoma with intratumoral psammomatous calcifications was found to frequently harbors IDH1 R132 mutations. However, the association with IDH1 hotspot mutations and psammomatous calcifications in prostate cancer remains controversial.

Biomarkers of pediatric Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis through single-cell transcriptomics.

Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH) is a fatal hyperinflammatory disorder distinct from self-limiting EBV-induced infectious mononucleosis (IM). However, the immunological mechanisms underlying the divergence between benign EBV infection and fulminant HLH-particularly in the absence of inherited immunodeficiency-remains unclear, and systematic comparisons of immune landscapes across EBV-associated disease spectra are lacking. In this study, by enrolling children with IM and healthy volunteers as controls, we utilize single-cell RNA sequencing to identify unique immunological characteristics of EBV-HLH.

The role of supramammillary nucleus glutamatergic neurons in modulating consciousness transitions during propofol anesthesia in mice.

Background: Glutamatergic neurons in the supramammillary nucleus (SuM) have previously been shown to be pivotal parts of the wakefulness/sleep regulation system. However, whether they play a role in propofol-mediated modulation of consciousness remains unclear. This study hypothesized that glutamatergic neurons in the SuM contribute to the regulation of altered states of consciousness under propofol anesthesia in mice.

Effects of hyperhomocysteinemia on placental morphology and function.

Objective: Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), characterized by elevated homocysteine levels, is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, though its mechanistic link to placental dysfunction remains unclear. This study aimed to explore how HHcy disrupts placental development to identify conserved molecular mechanisms related to adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: We develop murine HHcy model using a high-methionine diet and observe placental and fetal developmental outcome at key pregnancy times (E7.

Optimization and benefit evaluation model of a cloud computing-based platform for power enterprises.

To address the challenges associated with the digital transformation of the power industry, this research develops an optimization and benefit evaluation model for cloud computing platforms tailored to power enterprises. It responds to the current lack of systematic optimization mechanisms and evaluation methods in existing cloud computing applications. The proposed model focuses on resource scheduling optimization, task load balancing, and improvements in computational efficiency.

P-Coumaric Acid Improves Skeletal Muscle Atrophy in Chronic Kidney Disease by Modulating TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB-Mediated Inflammation and Oxidative Stress.

Skeletal muscle atrophy is a prevalent complication in chronic kidney disease (CKD), and its pathogenesis is closely related to inflammation and oxidative stress. P-Coumaric acid (PCA) is a phenolic acid with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pharmacological actions. This research aims to investigate the effect of PCA on CKD-induced muscle atrophy and its underlying mechanism.

Nrf2/UBE3B protects against acute lung injury by inhibiting ferritinophagy through the ubiquitination of NCOA4.

Background: Iron overload and ferroptosis are associated with intestinal ischemia and reperfusion (II/R)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). However, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of iron homeostasis remain unclear. Nrf2 regulates cellular iron homeostasis; nonetheless, its impact on ALI pathology and its underlying mechanism of action requires further investigation.

Acupuncture for retinitis pigmentosa: a comprehensive review.

No notable developments in the existing therapeutic approaches for retinitis pigmentosa (RP) exist to date, leaving many patients seeking alternative treatments. Among these alternatives, acupuncture has gained increasing popularity among physicians due to its perceived effectiveness. Acupuncture has been applied in the treatment of RP and has achieved good therapeutic effects, as reflected in the improvement of vision.

Dry Eye Disease: Oxidative Stress on Ocular Surface and Cutting-Edge Antioxidants.

Dry eye disease (DED), a multifactorial ocular surface disorder characterized by tear film instability, is pathologically linked to oxidative damage. The accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) across ocular tissues not only directly damages nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, but also functions as an upstream driver of inflammation and tear hyperosmolarity, collectively disrupting cellular homeostasis. This review comprehensively delineates the mechanistic interplay between oxidative stress (OS) and DED pathogenesis, synthesizing evidence on enzymatic/ nonenzymatic antioxidant alterations in samples of corneal, lacrimal, conjunctival, meibomian gland, and tear tissues, alongside quantitative profiling of OS biomarkers, such as 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE), malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT).

The Therapeutic Effect of GPR81 in Autoimmune Hepatitis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Regulating the Immune Response.

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is linked to an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the precise connection between the two remains unclear. GPR81, a G-protein-coupled receptor located on the membranes of various cell types, plays a role in numerous physiological processes.

Musculoskeletal organoids-on-chip uncover muscle-bone communication under intermittent hypoxia.

Muscle and bone have intimate biochemical associations spatiotemporally. Yet, the muscle-bone dynamic alterations under intermittent hypoxia (IH) remain unclear, primarily due to the lack of suitable microphysiological models. Herein, we developed a novel musculoskeletal organoids-on-chip (MSK OoC), advancing an integrated study of muscle-bone biochemical communication and personalized interventional strategies.