Spatial heterogeneity reveals an evolutionary signature predicting therapeutic response and clinical outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Introduction: Intra-tumoral heterogeneity is a prominent characteristic of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, it remains unexplored whether intra-tumoral transcriptomic differences can capture crucial information regarding HCC evolution and be utilized to derive a predictive signature for patient's clinical trajectories.

Methods: We quantified transcriptomic heterogeneity using four multiregional HCC cohorts comprising 172 samples from 37 patients, and validated transcriptomic heterogeneity and spatial dynamics using multiregional single-cell transcriptomic profiling of 110,817 cells from 34 liver specimens.

Adsorptive behavior of poly (vinylidene fluoride) membranes for the recovery of lignin-derived hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents.

Recently, membrane technology has gained significant traction as an energy-efficient alternative to traditional thermal processes for solvent recovery. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged as sustainable alternatives to conventional organic solvents, yet a systematic methodology for selecting compatible membrane materials for their recovery remains underdeveloped. This study established a predictive framework for membrane material selection in hydrophobic DES applications using Hansen Solubility Parameters (HSP) with inverted criteria targeting materials with relative energy difference (RED) values greater than 1.

MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease in Women.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects approximately 50 million people worldwide, with women comprising two-thirds of those affected. Despite this disproportionate impact, the sex-specific pathological mechanisms underlying AD in women remain poorly understood, and female-specific biomarkers have been significantly understudied. This critical knowledge gap requires focused research to improve diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for women with AD.

Intermittent fasting and exercise: a dual intervention for orchestrating glycolipid conversion and utilization in healthy mice.

Intermittent fasting (IF) and exercise can reverse the impaired glycolipid conversion ability caused by obesity. However, the effects of IF and exercise combination on glycolipid conversion ability in normal individuals remain to be determined. In this study, male KM mice were subjected to IF (including alternate-day fasting (ADF), time-restricted fasting (TRF)), treadmill exercise, and a combination of the two interventions for 6 weeks.

A Novel Transfer Learning-Based Hybrid EEG-fNIRS Brain-Computer Interface for Intracerebral Hemorrhage Rehabilitation.

Motor imagery (MI)-based neurorehabilitation shows promise for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) recovery, yet conventional unimodal brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) face critical limitations in cross-subject generalization. This study presents a multimodal electroencephalography (EEG)-functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) fusion framework incorporating a Wasserstein metric-driven source domain selection method that quantifies inter-subject neural distribution divergence. Through comparative neuroactivation analysis of 17 normal controls and 13 ICH patients during MI tasks, the transfer learning model achieved 74.

Integrated multi-omics analysis reveals diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disorder with poorly understood molecular mechanisms. This study investigated causal relationships between plasma proteins and SLE using two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis based on genome-wide association study data. Functional enrichment analyses Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and protein-protein interaction network analysis identified apolipoprotein A2, MANSC domain-containing protein 1, and proteasome subunit beta 5 as key genes involved in glycoprotein metabolism and immune responses.

Evaluating treatment options for symptomatic uterine fibroids: a systematic review and meta-analysis of effectiveness, recovery, and long-term outcomes (MARIE WP1).

Background: Uterine fibroids can significantly impair the quality of life of women. While most fibroids remain asymptomatic, 25% of women diagnosed with uterine fibroids require medical intervention.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol was developed and published in PROSPERO (CRD42022346251) to explore surgical treatment outcomes linked to uterine fibroids.

Mendelian randomization investigation: Exploring the relationship between phosphatidylinositol levels and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy risk through interleukin-20 receptor subunit alpha expression.

This Mendelian randomization study investigated the causal relationship between phosphatidylinositol (PI) levels and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) risk, while evaluating the potential mediating role of interleukin-20 receptor subunit alpha (IL-20RA). Leveraging genome-wide association study data from Finnish and European populations, our 2-sample Mendelian randomization analysis revealed a significant inverse association between PI levels and HCM risk (odds ratio [OR] = 0.686, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.

Targeted delivery of liposomal senolytics to alleviate cellular senescence-induced bone loss.

The senescence of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells is involved in osteoporosis. The combination of dasatinib and quercetin has been explored to alleviate bone loss by efficiently reducing senescent cell populations. However, senolytic therapy by dasatinib and quercetin requires a precise ratio for better therapeutic effects, which is hard to achieve by oral administration.

Different Fasting Methods Combined With Running Exercise Regulate Glucose Metabolism via AMPK/SIRT1/BDNF Pathway in Mice.

Aim: Intermittent fasting or exercise could be used as an adjunct to regulating abnormal glucose metabolism. However, the mechanism of action of intermittent fasting and exercise to regulate normal glucose metabolism is still unclear. We want to investigate the regulatory effect and mechanism of action of intermittent fasting combined with exercise on glucose metabolism in normal mice.

Differential protein expressions of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes between White and Black Americans and the associated genetic polymorphisms.

Although racial differences in drug response have been well documented, the mechanisms underlying these variations remain incompletely understood. The racial differences may be partially attributed to variations in the expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) between racial groups. We conducted a proteomics analysis of selected clinically relevant DMEs, including 12 cytochrome P450s, 10 UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs), 19 transferases, and 11 hydrolases, in liver samples from White and Black Americans and compared the protein expression levels between the 2 groups.

Volatile fatty acids recovery from thermophilic acidogenic fermentation using hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents.

Background: Volatile fatty acids (VFA) derived from acidogenic fermentation can be recovered as precursors for synthesizing value-added chemicals to replace those from fossil fuels. However, separating VFAs from the fermentation broth with complex constituents and a high-water content is an energy-intensive process.

Results: This study developed an innovative membrane extraction technology, utilizing hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (HDESs) as the acceptor phase along with an omniphobic membrane contactor for efficient extraction of anhydrous VFAs.

Synergistic integration of 2D MOF films and gold nanoparticles for multifunctional surface plasmon resonance sensing.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), known for their high porosity and tunable properties, have attracted significant interest in enhancing the sensitivity and functionality of plasmonic optoelectronic devices. However, their application in surface plasmon resonance (SPR) fiber-optic sensors remains challenging due to difficulties in the preparation and transfer of large-area two-dimensional (2D) MOFs. Here, a large-area continuous ultrathin MOF film was successfully fabricated using an interfacial synthesis strategy and seamlessly adhered to the tilted fiber Bragg gratings (TFBG).

Amino Acid Regulation in Rice: Integrated Mechanisms and Agricultural Applications.

This review synthesizes how amino acid (AA) metabolism regulates rice stress tolerance, growth and quality through stress protection and growth-modulating pathways, bridging mechanisms to field applications. Under abiotic stresses, rice accumulates specific AAs-notably proline (Pro), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and branched-chain AAs (BCAAs)-as osmoprotectants and antioxidants, correlating strongly with stress tolerance. Genetic evidence establishes causality: overexpression of biosynthetic genes (e.

ZmbHLH180 promotes drought-induced chlorophyll degradation by directly activating NON-YELLOW COLORING in maize (Zea mays).

Drought is a major environmental constraint that causes premature leaf senescence and limits crop growth and productivity. Although the phenomenon of drought-induced senescence is well-documented, its underlying physiological and molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated leaf senescence in maize (Zea mays L.

The METTL3/IGF2BP1 axis-mediated m6 A modification of TRIM11 mRNA suppresses ferroptosis and accelerates malignant progression in non-small cell lung cancer cells by degrading ACSL4.

Tripartite motif-containing motif 11 (TRIM11) possesses a pro-tumorigenic properties in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the determinants that drive TRIM11 dysregulation remains to be uncovered. Effect on cell functions was assessed by detecting cell apoptosis, proliferation, viability, ferroptosis, and invasive and migratory capacities.

Fibrous Pressure Sensor with Unique Resistance Increase under Partial Compression: Coaxial Wet-Spun TiO/Graphene/Thermoplastic Polyurethane Multi-Wall Multifunctional Fiber.

Fiber-shaped resistive pressure-sensitive sensors are rare. Although fibers are widely used in strain sensors owing to their structural advantages, developing fiber-shaped resistive pressure sensors is challenging. This challenge arises because the fiber acts as a series circuit along its axis, requiring increased resistance in the compressed region for a significant signal.

Dry Eye Disease: Oxidative Stress on Ocular Surface and Cutting-Edge Antioxidants.

Dry eye disease (DED), a multifactorial ocular surface disorder characterized by tear film instability, is pathologically linked to oxidative damage. The accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) across ocular tissues not only directly damages nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, but also functions as an upstream driver of inflammation and tear hyperosmolarity, collectively disrupting cellular homeostasis. This review comprehensively delineates the mechanistic interplay between oxidative stress (OS) and DED pathogenesis, synthesizing evidence on enzymatic/ nonenzymatic antioxidant alterations in samples of corneal, lacrimal, conjunctival, meibomian gland, and tear tissues, alongside quantitative profiling of OS biomarkers, such as 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE), malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT).

Symmetrically Erupted Upper Fourth Molars and an Impacted Fifth Molar: A Case Report.

Supernumerary teeth are often asymptomatic and impacted within the jawbone, typically identified during routine radiographic examinations. While cases of impacted fourth molars have been reported, bilaterally erupted fourth molars are exceedingly rare. This case report presents a unique instance of symmetrically erupted maxillary fourth molars, along with an impacted fifth molar in the right upper jaw.

Soy Protein-Based Emulsions: Application as Lipid Substitutes in Surimi Gels.

By analyzing interfacial dynamics between soybean oil concentrations and soy protein isolate (SPI), this study established their impact on Pickering emulsion stability. Two optimal soy protein-based emulsions (EM60 with 60% oil phase; EM75 with 75%) were identified as lipid substitutes in silver carp surimi products. The results revealed that uniformly spherical droplets in EM60 enhanced interparticle interactions at emulsion interfaces.

Novel non-resonant, low-frequency pulse-current circuit for energy-efficient, low-noise transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Introduction: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is increasingly used for non-invasive neuronal activation. By harnessing a pulsed magnetic field, TMS induces electric currents that target the central nervous system. However, its efficacy is often limited by two critical challenges: excessive heat generation and the loud "clicking" noise produced by rapid coil pulsing.

Real-Time Tracking of Nanoscale Morphology and Strain Evolution in BiWO via Operando Coherent X-Ray Imaging.

Nanostructuring photocatalytic and catalytic materials substantially increases the surface-to-volume ratio, thereby exposing a greater number of active sites essential for enhanced catalytic efficiency. However, optimizing these efficiencies requires the non-destructive, operando interrogation of individual nanocrystals under realistic catalytic conditions-a capability that has long remained elusive. Here, this challenge is addressed by reporting three-dimensional imaging of defects, crystal morphology, and strain dynamics in individual BiWO (BWO) nanoflakes using Bragg coherent diffractive imaging (BCDI) under operando temperature, gas, and light-driven conditions.

PUMA reduces FASN ubiquitination to promote lipid accumulation and tumor progression in human clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

While the p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) is traditionally recognized for promoting cell apoptosis and enhancing chemotherapy efficacy in various cancers, its role in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains unclear due to ccRCC's chemotherapy resistance. In this study, we discover a novel oncogenic role for PUMA in ccRCC, diverging from its known apoptotic function, through assessments of public datasets, clinical tissue samples, and cell line experiments. Abnormally high expression of PUMA positively correlates with clinical stages and poor prognosis.

Regulation of PIEZO1 channel force sensitivity by interblade handshaking.

PIEZOs form trimeric calcium-permeable nonselective cationic channels that serve mechanical sensing needs across eukaryotic biology. Forces act on the channels by causing their curved blades to flatten and decompact, leading to an activated state, but it is unclear how this is regulated to enable the channels to adapt to different contexts. To identify potential mechanisms, we performed coarse-grained and all-atom molecular dynamics simulations on human PIEZO1.

Habitual Glucosamine Use and Risk of Sepsis: A 16-Year Follow-Up Study.

Objectives: Despite the well-documented anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of glucosamine, a supplement commonly used to relieve osteoarthritis and joint pain, its potential link with sepsis is yet to be elucidated. To evaluate the association between habitual glucosamine use and the risk of sepsis and 28-day mortality following sepsis in a large cohort.

Design: A large-scale cohort study.