Early acetaminophen administration and mortality outcomes in critically ill patients with cirrhosis: a retrospective analysis from the MIMIC-IV database.

Background: Cirrhosis is a major global health burden, often requiring ICU admission due to complications. Acetaminophen (APAP) is frequently used for pain and fever management in critically ill patients, but its safety in cirrhotic patients remains uncertain.

Aims: To evaluate the association between early APAP use and mortality outcomes in ICU patients with cirrhosis.

Unlock the code of MHC II-enabled Cancer immunotherapy.

Major Histocompatibility Complex class II (MHC II) molecules present tumor antigens to CD4 + T cells, playing a pivotal role in initiating anti-cancer immunity. Recent discoveries of MHC II expression on atypical antigen-presenting cells (APCs) have spurred interest in targeting MHC II for immunotherapy. Emerging therapies seek to enhance MHC II expression in tumors, particularly immunologically "cold" tumors with limited T-cell infiltration, to amplify CD4 + T cell-mediated anti-tumor responses.

Habitual Glucosamine Use and Risk of Sepsis: A 16-Year Follow-Up Study.

Objectives: Despite the well-documented anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of glucosamine, a supplement commonly used to relieve osteoarthritis and joint pain, its potential link with sepsis is yet to be elucidated. To evaluate the association between habitual glucosamine use and the risk of sepsis and 28-day mortality following sepsis in a large cohort.

Design: A large-scale cohort study.

Contrastive learning based method for X-ray and CT registration under surgical equipment occlusion.

Deep learning-based 3D/2D surgical navigation registration techniques achieved excellent results. However, these methods are limited by the occlusion of surgical equipment resulting in poor accuracy. We designed a contrastive learning method that treats occluded and unoccluded X-rays as positive samples, maximizing the similarity between the positive samples and reducing interference from occlusion.

Reversal of the Parallel Drift Frequency in Anomalous Transport of Impurity Ions.

It is found that, in the studies of heavy ion transport with gyrokinetic simulations, the ion parallel drift frequency can reverse sign in velocity space when the amplitude variation of the electrostatic potential fluctuation is strong along the magnetic field line. As a result, the particle transport related to the parallel dynamics is strongly enhanced. It is noted that, while parallel gradient of the fluctuation amplitude can be instigated by a large magnetic shear or safety factor in a tokamak, the generic mechanism is independent of its cause, which suggests broader applications to kinetic plasma problems.

A prognostic assessment predicated by blood culture-based bacteria clustering from real-world evidence: Novel strategies and perspectives on prevention and management of sepsis.

Sepsis, a syndrome with disturbed host response to severe infection, is a critical health problem worldwide. It is urged to develop and update novel therapeutic strategies for improving the outcome of sepsis. In this study, we demonstrated that different bacteria clustering in sepsis patients may generate differences of prognosis results.

The role of amino acid metabolism alterations in pancreatic cancer: From mechanism to application.

The incidence of pancreatic cancer is increasing in both developed and developing Nations. In recent years, various research evidence suggested that reprogrammed metabolism may play a key role in pancreatic cancer tumorigenesis and development. Therefore, it has great potential as a diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic target.

A Bibliometric Analysis of the Role of 3D Technology in Liver Cancer Resection.

Background: Liver cancer resection is an effective but complex way to treat liver cancer, and complex anatomy is one of the reasons for the difficulty of surgery. The use of 3D technology can help surgeons cope with this dilemma. This article intends to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the role of 3D technology in liver cancer resection.

A Novel Scientometrics Research on the Interaction between Oxidative Stress and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Complications: From Graft-versus-Host Disease to Sepsis.

As major and serious complications after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and sepsis are the chief causes of low survival rates as well as mortality and for HSCT recipients. Although the overall treatment outcomes of HSCT have improved significantly in recent years, there is still an increased incidence rate of complications and mortality after transplantation. In the immediate past, with a deeper understanding of oxidative stress, more and more shreds of evidence have shown that it is closely related to transplantation-related sepsis.

Dietary energy restriction in neurological diseases: what's new?

Energy-restricted diet is a specific dietary regimen, including the continuous energy-restricted diet and the intermittent energy-restricted diet. It has been proven effective not only to reduce weight and extend the lifespan in animal models, but also to regulate the development and progression of various neurological diseases such as epilepsy, cerebrovascular diseases (stroke), neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease) and autoimmune diseases (multiple sclerosis). However, the mechanism in this field is still not clear and a systematic neurological summary is still missing.

The Application of Three-Dimensional Technologies in the Improvement of Orthopedic Surgery Training and Medical Education Quality: A Comparative Bibliometrics Analysis.

Orthopedics is a medical specialty that focuses on the clinical treatment and care of the musculoskeletal system. Orthopedics is a medical specialty which specializing in the clinical treatment and nursing of musculoskeletal system. The education of orthopedics is often serious and difficult because of the high technical requirements, complicated anatomical knowledge and long study process.

3D Printing Improve the Effectiveness of Fracture Teaching and Medical Learning: A Comprehensive Scientometric Assessment and Future Perspectives.

Fractures of complex body parts are often serious and difficult to handle, and they have high technical and training requirements. However, the realistic situation is that there are few opportunities for the junior residents, trainee doctors, and especially medical students to contact enough clinical practice and see such fracture patients. Fortunately, with the rapid development and continuous progress of 3D printing and related technologies, this situation has gradually gotten better and better.

Quantitative Analysis and Visualization of the Interaction Between Intestinal Microbiota and Type 1 Diabetes in Children Based on Multi-Databases.

As an important autoimmune disease, type 1 diabetes (T1D) is often diagnosed in children, but due to the complexity of the etiology of diabetes and many other factors, the disease pathogenesis of diabetes is still unclear. The intestinal microbiota has been proved to have close relationships with T1D in recent years, which is one of the most important molecular bases of pathogenesis and prognosis factors for T1D. Using the multi-omics and multicenter sample analysis method, a number of intestinal microbiota in T1D have been discovered and explained, which has provided comprehensive and rich information.

Transition from linear Landau damping to nonlinear Bernstein-Greene-Kruskal modes via phase synchronization.

Dynamics of the transition from a linear plasma wave to a nonlinear state characterized by the Bernstein-Greene-Kruskal mode is studied within the framework of the Vlasov-Poisson system. In the linear stage, the plasma distribution function (f) develops finer and finer structures in velocity space through a series of "mixing" processes leading to the Landau damping of the plasma wave. These mixing processes inevitably result in strong phase irregularities in velocity space.

Spiral chain models of two-dimensional turbulence.

Reduced models, mirroring self-similar, fractal nature of two-dimensional turbulence, are proposed, using logarithmic spiral chains, which provide a natural generalization of shell models to two dimensions. In a turbulent cascade, where each step can be represented by a rotation and a scaling of the interacting triad, the use of a spiral chain whose nodes can be obtained by scaling and rotating an original wave vector provides an interesting perspective. A family of such spiral chain models depending on the distance of interactions can be obtained by imposing a logarithmic spiral grid with a constant divergence angle and a constant scaling factor and imposing the condition of exact triadic interactions.