Enhanced protective efficacy of a dendritic cell-targeting truncated F protein delivery via minicircle DNA vaccine against genotype VII newcastle disease virus in chickens.

Newcastle disease (ND), caused by the Newcastle disease virus (NDV), poses a severe threat to global poultry farming, leading to significant losses annually. The limitations of current ND vaccines in terms of efficacy and duration of protection have encouraged the exploration of novel vaccine designs. This study aimed to adopt a delayed-lysis Salmonella strain χ11218 as vaccine delivery vector.

Three-Dimensional Ordered Porous SnO Nanostructures Derived from Polystyrene Sphere Templates for Ethyl Methyl Carbonate Detection in Battery Safety Applications.

As lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) gain widespread use, detecting electrolyte-vapor emissions during early thermal runaway (TR) remains critical to ensuring battery safety; yet, it remains understudied. Gas sensors integrating oxide nanostructures offer a promising solution as they possess high sensitivity and fast response, enabling rapid detection of various gas-phase indicators of battery failure. Utilizing this approach, 3D ordered tin oxide (SnO) nanostructures were synthesized using polystyrene sphere (PS) templates of varied diameters (200-1500 nm) and precursor concentrations (0.

Managing uncertainty: A grounded theory study of restoring normality in young and middle-aged patients with lymphoma.

Objectives: This study aimed to generate a theoretical framework based on empirical data to explain the behavioral patterns closely related to young and middle-aged patients with lymphoma throughout the disease.

Methods: This study followed the classic grounded theory methodology, involving procedures such as theoretical sampling, substantive coding, theoretical coding, constant comparison, and memo writing and sorting. Multiple data types were used based on the principle of "all is data," including 34 participants providing interview data along with observation notes and 40 relevant secondary texts from the "Lymphoma House" network platform and the "Lymphoma House 086" public account.

Emerging threats of H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b: cross-species transmission, pathogenesis, and pandemic risk.

H5N1 is a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) with zoonotic potential, posing a significant risk to animal health, agriculture, and human public health. A particular strain, clade 2.3.

Enterococcus Durans J396 Isolated from the Intestine of a Pig Enhances the Antioxidant Activity in Caenorhabditis Elegans.

Enterococcus durans is a potential probiotic with beneficial for the health of people and animals. However, the understanding of the antioxidant activity of E. durans is limited.

Synbiotic Intervention with Inulin and LPm77 Attenuates Type 2 Diabetes via Enhanced TUDCA Metabolism and Gut-Liver Axis Modulation.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by inflammation and immune dysregulation, with the gut-liver axis playing a crucial role in immunometabolic balance. While dietary fibers show therapeutic potential, their mechanisms in T2DM remain unclear. This study investigates the effects of synbiotic intervention combining inulin and LPm77 on T2DM, focusing on the gut-liver axis.

Dual-mode delivery of canine parvovirus type 2c VP2 protein in recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum: Surface display and intracellular expression systems.

Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) causes an acute and highly transmissible disease characterized by severe hemorrhagic enteritis and myocarditis, ultimately resulting in the death of dogs and wild carnivores. At present, although vaccines have been developed for CPV-2, there are no specific and effective vaccines available for prevention of CPV-2c infection. To develop mucosal vaccines against CPV-2c, we constructed recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum (L.

Gut Fungal Community Modulates Fat Deposition in Ningxiang Pigs: Species-Specific Regulation via the Glucose-SCFAs Metabolic Axis.

Despite limited understanding of gut fungal roles in fat deposition among indigenous pig breeds, a comparative study between high-fat-accumulating Ningxiang (NX) pigs and lean-type Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire (DLY) pigs reveals a fungal-driven regulatory mechanism. NX pigs exhibited significantly higher fat percentage, elevated serum glucose, and markedly reduced total colonic short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) compared to DLY pigs (all < 0.001), with butyrate showing the most pronounced decrease.

Gut microbiota-derived isovaleric acid ameliorates influenza virus infection via gut-lung axis.

H9N2 influenza virus infections represent a significant respiratory health concern, yet the functional role of gut microbiota during infection progression remains poorly understood. Here, we show that H9N2 infection causes dose-dependent alterations in gut microbial communities in a mammalian infection model, particularly the depletion of Prevotella species. Prophylactic administration of Prevotella copri improved survival and clinical outcomes in infected mice by restructuring the gut microbiome, promoting beneficial bacteria, and suppressing pathogens.

Temporary bilateral uterine artery occlusion in the control of hemorrhage: A case report and review of literature.

Background: Intramural pregnancy is rare, with an unclear etiology and pathophysiology. Surgical, medical, and expectant management options are available for this condition. However, most reported cases are managed surgically.

Comparison of model-based and speckle tracking-based automated three-dimensional echocardiographic quantification of left ventricular volumes and function: A multicenter study.

Background: Three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) provides accurate and reproducible measurements of left ventricular (LV) volumes and ejection fraction (LVEF). Speckle tracking-based 4D LV-Analysis and model-based Dynamic Heart Model (DHM) are commonly used automated 3DE software. However, the potential discrepancies in quantification between these two software have not been fully elucidated.

strains derived from wild bird provide protection against challenge in locally-sourced broilers.

Introduction: Necrotic enteritis (NE), caused by , has seen a surge in chicken populations recently due to the ban on antibiotic growth promoters in feed.

Methods: In this research, screening and identification of probiotics with strong antagonistic ability against from 34 wild bird fecal isolates, followed by analysis of probiotic characteristics and carbon source metabolic activity. Strains exhibiting favorable antagonistic activity against were subsequently employed in vivo study to evaluate their protective efficacy against challenge in locally-sourced broilers.

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum extracellular vesicles exert anti-PEDV effects through STING-dependent autophagy.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection causes severe gastrointestinal and lethal disease in piglets, leading to huge economic losses for the swine industry worldwide. Recent studies have emphasized probiotics can regulate innate immunity and cellular functions through interaction with intestinal epithelial cells via extracellular vesicles (EVs) as effective carriers. The cGAS-STING signaling pathway is crucial for inducing type I interferons (IFNs) to establish antiviral innate immunity.

A strain of Lactobacillus plantarum from piglet intestines enhances the anti-PoRV effect via the STING-IFN-I pathway.

Background: Rotavirus infection represents a major etiology of severe diarrheal disease in neonatal and weaned piglets, causing substantial economic burdens to the global swine industry. Lactobacillus plantarum, a ubiquitous probiotic in natural ecosystems, has demonstrated multifaceted biological functions. The stimulator of the interferon gene (STING) is involved in type I interferon (IFN-I) mediated host antiviral innate immunity, which is a pivotal adaptor in response to the microbial DNA/RNA-activated signaling pathways.

Normal Values of Echocardiographic Left Atrioventricular Coupling Index and Left Atrial Stiffness Index Reflecting Left Ventricular Diastolic Function: A Multicenter Study.

Background: The left atrioventricular coupling index (LACI) and left atrial stiffness index (LASI) have recently demonstrated significant correlations with left ventricular (LV) diastolic function. However, the absence of reference values limits their widespread use. This study aimed to establish normal reference ranges for LACI and LASI.

Butyrate-Producing Mixed Probiotics Alleviate MRSA-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice by Promoting M2 Macrophage Polarization.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major pathogen responsible for acute lung injury (ALI) and other respiratory diseases. Probiotics and their metabolic byproducts are essential regulators of the gut-lung axis. This study investigated the protective effects of a mixed probiotics combination (Ligilactobacillus salivarius H3, Bacillus stratosphericus J1366, and Priestia megaterium J1037), which demonstrated inhibitory activity against MRSA growth and biofilm formation in vitro, on MRSA-induced ALI in mice.

Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase inhibits Newcastle disease virus replication by enzyme activity-dependent and direct interaction with nucleocapsid protein.

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a significant enveloped virus within the Paramyxoviridae family, posing a major threat to the global poultry industry. Increasing evidence suggests that cholesterol-25-hydroxylase (CH25H) and its enzymatic product, 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC), exhibit broad-spectrum antiviral activity properties by modulating lipid metabolism and various signaling pathways. However, the specific role of CH25H in regulating NDV infection and replication remains unclear.

Faecalibacterium prausnitzii-derived outer membrane vesicles reprogram gut microbiota metabolism to alleviate Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus infection.

Background: The Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV) is one of the major challenges facing the global pig farming industry, and vaccines and treatments have proven difficult in controlling its spread. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (F.prausnitzii), a key commensal bacterium in the gut, has been recognized as a promising candidate for next-generation probiotics due to its potential wide-ranging health benefits.

Embedding polydopamine in keratin-based biohydrogels for efficient dye removal.

Keratin-based hydrogels have shown promise as materials for wastewater remediation, yet their low surface area and poor mechanical performance hindered the practical application. To address these challenges, we developed a bowl-shaped polydopamine-loaded sponge bio-hydrogel (BPSH) with a hierarchical porous structure and high stability. The extruded keratin chains facilitated the formation of three distinct macroporous frameworks, while embedding bowl-shaped polydopamine into the bio-hydrogel significantly enhanced the hierarchical porous structure.

Expressing Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) Single-Chain Antibody Can Inhibit PRRSV Replication and Change the Intestinal Flora Structure of Piglets.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is an infectious disease that can cause reproductive disorders in sows and affect the breathing of piglets, seriously endangering pig breeding worldwide. In this study, NC8 was used as the expression delivery vector of foreign proteins, and a single-chain antibody was designed based on an mAb-PN9cx3 sequence. Three recombinant strains of , namely, NC8/pSIP409-pgsA'-PN9cx3-scFV(E), NC8/pSIP409-pgsA'-PN9cx3-HC(E), and NC8/pSIP409-pgsA'-PN9cx3-LC(E), were successfully constructed.

Enhanced Luminescence and Thermal Stability in High Gd/Eu Co-Doped BaYO Phosphors via Co-Precipitation Method.

The co-precipitation method was successfully used to synthesize Ba(YGdEu)O (0.01 ≤ x ≤ 0.09) phosphors with heavy Gd doping, resulting in significantly enhanced thermal stability and luminescence performance.

Dynamic Chirality in Nature-Inspired Photonic Crystal Films: Ultralong Room Temperature Phosphorescence and Stimuli-Responsive Circularly Polarized Luminescence.

Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) systems exhibiting room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) are attracting considerable attention for applications in information encryption and smart sensing. However, achieving ultralong circularly polarized RTP (CPRTP) with tunable chirality and stimuli-responsive CPL remains challenging. Inspired by the color-changing properties of the butterfly, we developed a cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-based photonic crystal film with an ultralong RTP lifetime of 2.

Multilevel, solar-blind, and thermostable physical unclonable functions based on host-sensitized luminescence of β-GaO:Dy .

Optical physical unclonable functions (PUFs) are powerful tools to combat counterfeiting, owing to their unpredictable preparation processes and unique, identifiable information content. Achieving high entropy and robustness in optical PUFs is essential for practical applications but remains challenging. This study demonstrates a multilevel, solar-blind, and thermostable PUF based on host-sensitized luminescence of trivalent dysprosium (Dy) in β-phase gallium oxide (β-GaO).

Changes in physical fitness in acute leukemia patients during chemotherapy.

This study aimed to investigate the changes in physical fitness and patient-reported outcomes as well as the correlation between these two factors in adult patients with newly diagnosed acute leukemia during chemotherapy. This was a longitudinal observational study. Patients were recruited from a tertiary hospital in China with a follow-up period of less than 90 days.

Coupling ZnN Atomic Sites with Graphitic Nitrogen for Enhanced Ammonium Production via Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction.

The electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (NORR) presents a promising alternative to the traditional Haber-Bosch process for synthesizing ammonium (NH) under mild conditions. Supported single atoms have emerged as active catalysts for this conversion; however, the efficiency of NH production are limited by the modest activity and selectivity of these catalysts. In this study, it is demonstrated that zinc single atoms supported on nitrogen-doped carbon (ZnNCs), derived from zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), possess remarkable catalytic performance for this conversion, achieving an unprecedented selectivity (exceeding 90%) for NH formation across a broad potential range (-0.