Trophectoderm-like cells from EPS cells enable generating EPS cell-derived post-implantation embryoids that complete gastrulation.

Mouse extended pluripotent stem (EPS) cells have demonstrated significant potential for generating embryo models in vitro. However, their limited capacity for extraembryonic trophoblast development has hindered their use in constructing whole embryo models, particularly post-implantation embryoids. Here, we establish a stepwise induction protocol to generate trophectoderm-like cells from mouse EPS cells.

Enterococcus Durans J396 Isolated from the Intestine of a Pig Enhances the Antioxidant Activity in Caenorhabditis Elegans.

Enterococcus durans is a potential probiotic with beneficial for the health of people and animals. However, the understanding of the antioxidant activity of E. durans is limited.

The macrophage-derived motor protein KIF13B enhances MERTK-mediated efferocytosis and prevents atherosclerosis in mice.

Background And Aims: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder with high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Emerging evidence has reported that kinesin family member 13B (KIF13B), a crucial motor protein, integrates hepatic lipid metabolism and inflammatory response to protect liver disease. However, the relationship between KIF13B and atherosclerosis remains unknown.

Synbiotic Intervention with Inulin and LPm77 Attenuates Type 2 Diabetes via Enhanced TUDCA Metabolism and Gut-Liver Axis Modulation.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by inflammation and immune dysregulation, with the gut-liver axis playing a crucial role in immunometabolic balance. While dietary fibers show therapeutic potential, their mechanisms in T2DM remain unclear. This study investigates the effects of synbiotic intervention combining inulin and LPm77 on T2DM, focusing on the gut-liver axis.

Pilot-scale evaluation of an efficient salt-free in-situ microemulsion for the remediation of multiple halogenated hydrocarbons-contaminated aquifers.

Previous studies about aquifer flushing mainly focused on middle-phase microemulsions, which posed a risk of downward migration for dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs). To address this limitation, our group developed a novel salt-free Winsor Type I microemulsion without the expansion risk of DNAPLs. However, it has not yet been applied at field scale, and the remediation efficiency for multiple DNAPLs remains to be fully evaluated.

The drug-elicitable alternative splicing module for tunable vector expression in the heart.

Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are commonly used for gene therapy, but a clinically relevant method to fine-tune AAV expression is lacking, restricting their therapeutic efficacy and safety. Here we develop the drug-elicitable alternative splicing module (DreAM), which is responsive to risdiplam, a Food and Drug Administration-approved alternative splicing modulator. Risdiplam activated DreAM-regulated AAV expression in a dose-dependent manner with a 2,000-fold inducible change, depending on the dose of risdiplam and the organ of interest.

Super-enhancer-mediated circRNAs exhibit high splicing circularization diversity and transcriptional activity.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs), an emerging subclass of noncoding RNAs, have been increasingly recognized as critical regulators in diverse biological functions and cellular processes. Despite their functional significance, the epigenetic mechanisms governing circRNA biogenesis remain poorly understood. Our study reveals that H3K27ac-marked super-enhancers (SEs) significantly enhance both circRNA splicing circularization diversity and transcriptional activation of their host genes.

Neural Organoids Protect Engineered Heart Tissues From Glucolipotoxicity by Transferring Versican in a Co-Culture System.

Metabolic disorders could cause dysregulated glucose and lipid at the systemic level, but how inter-tissue/organ communications contribute to glucolipotoxicity is difficult to dissect in animal models. To solve this problem, myocardium and nerve tissues were modelled by 3D engineered heart tissues (EHTs) and neural organoids (NOs), which were co-cultured in a generalised medium with normal or elevated glucose/fatty acid contents. Morphology, gene expression, cell death and functional assessments detected no apparent alterations of EHTs and NOs in co-culture under normal conditions.

Cancer driver topologically associated domains identify oncogenic and tumor-suppressive lncRNAs.

Cancer long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified by experimental and in silico methods. However, current approaches for identifying cancer lncRNAs are not sufficient and effective. To uncover them, we focus on the core cancer driver lncRNAs, which directly interact with cancer driver protein-coding genes (PCGs).

POCALI: Prediction and Insight on CAncer LncRNAs by Integrating Multi-Omics Data with Machine Learning.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are receiving increasing attention as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Although there are many computational methods to identify cancer lncRNAs, they do not comprehensively integrate multi-omics features for predictions or systematically evaluate the contribution of each omics to the multifaceted landscape of cancer lncRNAs. In this study, an algorithm, POCALI, is developed to identify cancer lncRNAs by integrating 44 omics features across six categories.

Butyrate-Producing Mixed Probiotics Alleviate MRSA-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice by Promoting M2 Macrophage Polarization.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major pathogen responsible for acute lung injury (ALI) and other respiratory diseases. Probiotics and their metabolic byproducts are essential regulators of the gut-lung axis. This study investigated the protective effects of a mixed probiotics combination (Ligilactobacillus salivarius H3, Bacillus stratosphericus J1366, and Priestia megaterium J1037), which demonstrated inhibitory activity against MRSA growth and biofilm formation in vitro, on MRSA-induced ALI in mice.

Identification and characterization of Bufalin as a novel EGFR degrader.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) stands out as a common cancer type worldwide, characterized by its notably high rates of occurrence and mortality. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is one of the main targets for cancer treatment as it is one of the genes whose expression is often altered by overexpression, amplification, and mutation in a variety of solid tumors. Substantial efforts have been made to develop EGFR-targeted therapeutic agents, including monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).

The stomach, small intestine, and colon-specific gastrointestinal tract delivery systems for bioactive nutrients.

Oral administration is a convenient way to deliver bioactive nutrients. However, the complex and dynamic environment of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract poses distinct challenges. These include the acidic environment of the stomach, limited transport across the GI mucosa, and the risk of enzymatic degradation, all of which can compromise the nutritional effectiveness of orally delivered nutrients.

Unlocking the potential of circular RNA vaccines: a bioinformatics and computational biology perspective.

Bioinformatics has significantly advanced RNA-based therapeutics, particularly circular RNAs (circRNAs), which outperform mRNA vaccines, by offering superior stability, sustained expression, and enhanced immunogenicity due to their covalently closed structure. This review highlights how bioinformatics and computational biology optimise circRNA vaccine design, elucidates internal ribosome entry sites (IRES) selection, open reading frame (ORF) optimisation, codon usage, RNA secondary structure prediction, and delivery system development. While circRNA vaccines may not always surpass traditional vaccines in stability, their production efficiency and therapeutic efficacy can be enhanced through computational strategies.

SR-A3 suppresses AKT activation to protect against MAFLD by inhibiting XIAP-mediated PTEN degradation.

Scavenger receptor class A member 3 (SR-A3) is implicated in metabolic diseases; however, the relationship between SR-A3 and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has not been documented. Here, we show that hepatic SR-A3 expression is significantly reduced in human and animal models in the context of MAFLD. Genetic inhibition of SR-A3 in hamsters elicits hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis under chow-diet condition, yet escalates in diet-induced MAFLD.

Motor protein KIF13B orchestrates hepatic metabolism to prevent metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease.

Background: Kinesin family member 13B (KIF13B), a crucial motor protein, exerts multiple cellular biological functions. However, the implication of KIF13B in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has not been explored yet. This study aimed to investigate KIF13B's role and underlying mechanism in MAFLD and proposes it as a potential pharmacological target.

SQLE amplification accelerates esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tumorigenesis and metastasis through oncometabolite 2,3-oxidosqualene repressing Hippo pathway.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide, characterized by a dismal prognosis and elusive therapeutic targets. Dysregulated cholesterol metabolism is a critical hallmark of cancer cells, facilitating tumor progression. Here, we used whole genome sequencing data from several ESCC cohorts to identify the important role of squalene epoxidase (SQLE) in promoting ESCC tumorigenesis and metastasis.

Systematical identification of regulatory GPCRs by single-cell trajectory inference reveals the role of ADGRD1 and GPR39 in adipogenesis.

Adipogenesis is the healthy expansion of white adipose tissue (WAT), serving as a compensatory response to maintain metabolic homeostasis in the presence of excess energy in the body. Therefore, the identification of novel regulatory molecules in adipogenesis, specifically membrane receptors such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), holds significant clinical promise. These receptors can serve as viable targets for pharmaceuticals, offering potential for restoring metabolic homeostasis in individuals with obesity.

from Sauerkraut Alleviates Acute Lung Injury Induced by Methicillin-Resistant through the Regulation of M2 Macrophage Polarization via Its Metabolite Esculin.

Sauerkraut contains various fermentative microorganisms that produce active metabolites, enhancing immunity and resistance to infections. However, its effects on methicillin-resistant (MRSA)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) remain unclear. Using RAW264.

Oral Immunization of Mice with a Nonantibiotic Recombinant Coexpressing TsNd and gp43 Protein Vaccine Combined with a Murine Interleukin-33 Adjuvant.

Trichinellosis, a zoonotic disease transmitted through food and caused by , is a significant health concern worldwide. Therefore, developing a safe and effective vaccine to combat infection is essential. In this study, a nonantibiotic strain lacking the gene served as a live bacterial vector to deliver antigens to the host, creating a novel oral vaccine.

CHD6 eviction of promoter nucleosomes maintains housekeeping transcriptional program in prostate cancer.

CHD6, a member of the chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein family, has been implicated in various diseases and tumors. However, its precise binding model of CHD6 on regulatory functional genes remains poorly understood. In this study, we discovered sharp peaks of CHD6, as the first member of CHD family for housekeeping process, binding only to the promoter region of genes in the C4-2 cell line.