Sex differences in social anxiety: A longitudinal serial mediation via perceived stress and resilience among adolescents in China.

Background: Adolescent social anxiety is consequential. There is a substantial sex difference in the prevalence. Yet, the underlying mechanisms are almost unknown; no longitudinal studies have investigated this topic.

Highly efficient gene editing of using CRISPR/Cas9 combined with FACS.

() is a major causative agent of feline viral rhinotracheitis and ocular lesions. Due to its large DNA genome, the construction of recombinant viruses presents considerable challenges for conventional methodologies. In this study, we implemented an integrated strategy combining CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing with fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) to enable the rapid and efficient generation of recombinant viruses.

Focus-tunable real-time imaging system based on ultrathin perovskite curved image sensor with hierarchical mesh design.

The human visual system's real-time focus-tunable imaging capability has inspired curved imaging system development. However, curved image sensors mimicking the human retina typically lack tunable curvature to match the curved Petzval surface throughout the focus-tunable range. Here, we propose a focus-tunable real-time curved imaging system based on a tunable-curvature perovskite curved image sensor.

Transboundary conflict from surface water scarcity under climate change.

Transboundary river basins (TRBs) are at risk of water scarcity-induced conflicts, especially given the rising water demand and impacts of climate change. Despite extensive efforts and some progress, the mechanisms linking water scarcity to conflicts in TRBs remain insufficiently understood, and identifying effective mitigation and adaptation strategies remains a challenge. In this study, we introduce a framework for predicting TRBs vulnerable to water scarcity-induced conflicts, based on the concept of water dependency, defined by monthly water scarcity.

Impact of Depth of Invasion in Node-Negative Oral Tongue Cancer Treated With Surgery Alone.

Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) is an aggressive malignancy and the most common subsite of head and neck cancer among Taiwanese males. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of depth of invasion (DOI) in patients with node-negative OTSCC treated with radical surgery alone. We retrospectively analyzed 243 patients with node-negative OTSCC who had undergone radical surgery with adequate margins between 2005 and 2017.

Galactose Inhibits the Translation of Erg1 that Enhances the Antifungal Activities of Azoles Against .

Background/objectives: The diminished efficacy of azoles in treating fungal infections is attributed to the emergence of resistance among pathogenic fungi. Employing a synergistic approach with other compounds to enhance the antifungal activity of azoles has shown promise, yet the availability of clinically valuable adjuvants for azoles and allylamines remains limited. Studies have demonstrated that the human host environment provides multiple carbon sources, which can influence the susceptibility of to antifungal agents.

Enhancing fibroblast-based bone regeneration by harnessing nanosecond pulsed electric field.

Despite their terminally differentiated state, human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) can undergo osteogenic differentiation in vivo under certain pathological conditions, making them promising candidates for bone tissue engineering-though replicating this in vitro would be difficult. Building on prior findings that low-intensity (5 kV/cm) nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF) can partially reprogram HDFs toward pluripotency and boost their osteogenic capacity, an in vivo bone regeneration complex was fabricated by encapsulating nsPEF-treated cells in a self-healing hydrogel composed of oxidized hyaluronic acid and hydroxypropyl chitosan. In nude mice, these HDFs produced more robust ectopic bone both subcutaneously and within cranial defects, with significantly higher histological scores than untreated controls.

Enhanced performance of algal-bacterial granular sludge in treating wastewater under PFOA stress: Synergistic effects and mechanisms.

The ubiquitous distribution of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in wastewater poses significant challenges for wastewater treatment systems, yet its impact on granular sludge systems remains poorly understood. This study investigated the performance of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) and algal-bacterial granular sludge (ABGS) systems in terms of stability, nutrient and PFOA removal, enzyme activity, and microbial communities under PFOA stress. Both systems demonstrated tolerance and adsorptive removal of PFOA with enhanced total nitrogen (TN) and slightly decreased total phosphorus (TP) removals.

Continuous-Wave Radar and Motion-Derived Biomarkers for Non-Contact Vital Status Classification in End-of-Life Care: A Clinically Validated Machine Learning Approach.

In palliative care, effective communication about anticipated death is critical for aligning therapeutic goals, managing family expectations, and ensuring dignified care. However, prognostic uncertainty - particularly regarding the time of death - remains a challenge due to the limited reliability of current methods. This study explores the potential of radar-derived motion biomarkers as a novel approach to distinguish between living and deceased patients, addressing the need for objective decision-support tools in palliative care.

Application of 32P Radioactive Patch in Keloid Treatment.

Keloid, as a benign fibroblastic disease of the skin, is the result of excessive proliferation of fibroblasts and abnormal deposition of collagen during the process of skin trauma repair. Clinically, this disorder presents as a fibrous proliferation that protrudes beyond the surface of the skin beyond the margins of the original injury, affecting both function and aesthetics. In clinical treatment, the P radioactive patch is a well-established and effective treatment based on the biological effect of β-rays, which can penetrate keloid tissue, induce apoptosis of fibroblasts in the keloid, impede cell proliferation, and inhibit excessive collagen synthesis and deposition, and eventually achieve the desired therapeutic effect after a period of treatment.

Association of the Neutrophil Percentage-to-Albumin Ratio with All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: The neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) has emerged as a widely used inflammatory marker for predicting clinical outcomes across various diseases; however, its prognostic value in hypercapnic respiratory failure (HRF) remains uncertain. This study aimed to examine the association between NPAR and all-cause mortality in patients with HRF.

Methods: This prospective cohort study enrolled 561 HRF patients hospitalized at Yancheng First People's Hospital between October 2020 and September 2021.

Impact of resuscitation with 100% oxygen during physiological-based cord clamping or immediate cord clamping on lung inflammation and injury.

Background: We examined whether physiological based cord clamping (PBCC) reduces oxygen-induced lung inflammation compared to immediate cord clamping (ICC) in preterm lambs ventilated with 100% oxygen for 10 min after birth.

Methods: Instrumented, steroid exposed preterm lambs (125 ± 1 days' gestation) were randomized to receive 10 min of resuscitation with 100% oxygen before umbilical cord clamping or 30 s after ICC. After 10 min, oxygen was titrated to target SpO of 90-95%.

Retinal Microangiopathy as a Marker of Coronary Atherosclerotic Heart Disease.

Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease is the main cause of death worldwide. This disease is characterized by the formation of atherosclerotic plaque in the heart artery and the reduction of myocardial blood circulation caused by vasospasm. The risk factors of atherosclerosis include old age, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes.

[A randomized positive parallel-controlled clinical study of Dibai Yijing Formula for the treatment of male infertility with essence deficiency in the kidney and damp-heat type in the essence chamber].

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Dibai Yijing Formula (DYF) in the treatment of male infertility with essence deficiency in the kidney and damp-heat in the essence chamber (Abbreviation: kidney deficiency and damp-heat type).

Methods: This study employed a randomized, controlled clinical trial design, recruiting 72 male patients with infertility due to kidney deficiency and damp-heat type. Patients were randomly assigned to an treatment group (36 patients) and a control group (36 patients) using a random number table.

Explainable multimodal deep learning for predicting thyroid cancer lateral lymph node metastasis using ultrasound imaging.

Preoperative prediction of lateral lymph node metastasis is clinically crucial for guiding surgical strategy and prognosis assessment, yet precise prediction methods are lacking. We therefore develop Lateral Lymph Node Metastasis Network (LLNM-Net), a bidirectional-attention deep-learning model that fuses multimodal data (preoperative ultrasound images, radiology reports, pathological findings, and demographics) from 29,615 patients and 9836 surgical cases across seven centers. Integrating nodule morphology and position with clinical text, LLNM-Net achieves an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.

Panobinostat potentiates adagrasib-induced cell death by triggering autophagy in human non-small cell lung cancer.

Adagrasib, a KRASG12C inhibitor, recently received accelerated approval from the US FDA for the treatment of patients diagnosed with KRASG12C-mutated non-small cell lung cancer. Although adagrasib has demonstrated excellent clinical efficacy and good safety, the molecular mechanism underlying the antitumor activity of adagrasib remains elusive. Here, we report that adagrasib treatment markedly inhibited the growth of cells harboring the KRASG12C mutation, whereas the non-KRASG12C cell lines H1299 and PC-9 were also sensitive to adagrasib, indicating that adagrasib exerted off-target effects.

Impairing the interaction between Erg11 and cytochrome P450 reductase Ncp1 enhances azoles' antifungal activities.

Azole effectiveness against candidiasis can be compromised by Candida albicans resistance and tolerance, and unfortunately, few clinically useful compounds can enhance azole antifungal activities. We find that the amino acids V234, F235 and L238 of Erg11 are critical for its interaction with Ncp1, and the Ncp1-Erg11 association is important in azole response. Ellipticine and its analog phiKan 083 block this Erg11-Ncp1 interaction by targeting Ncp1, and boost antifungal effects of fluconazole in vitro and in vivo.

The relationship between frailty, BMI, and mortality in older adults: results from the CLHLS.

Background: Frailty is a useful indicator of the rate of biological and is also associated with mortality in Older adults. Overweight and obesity has been suggested to act as protective factors in the elderly. However, the combined effect of frailty and body mass index (BMI) on mortality is less clear.

Efficacy and safety of stem cells in the treatment of glaucoma: systematic review and meta-analysis based on animal experiments.

Purpose: Glaucoma, characterized by progressive retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration and optic nerve atrophy, remains a leading global cause of irreversible blindness, despite advancements in clinical management. While current therapies predominantly focus on lowering intraocular pressure (IOP), neuroprotective strategies to preserve visual function remain an unmet clinical need. Stem cells exhibit high proliferative capacity and multilineage differentiation potential, demonstrating notable efficacy in glaucoma treatment.

Decision level scheme for fusing multiomics and histology slide images using deep neural network for tumor prognosis prediction.

Molecular biostatistical workflows in oncology often rely on predictive models that use multimodal data. Advances in deep learning and artificial intelligence technologies have enabled the multimodal fusion of large volumes of multimodal data. Here, we presented a decision level multimodal data fusion framework for integrating multiomics and pathological tissue slide images for prognosis prediction.

A Psychological Model and Measurement of the Fast-Slow Life History Strategy.

Human life history (LH) variation stems from developmental phenotypic responses to childhood environments. As with other psychological constructs, LH variation can be assessed by asking questions that are statistically linked to the underlying LH traits. This study introduces the fast-slow scale (FSS), a 35-item questionnaire designed to measure fast-slow LH strategies in adults.

Divergent Neurobehavioral Effects of CFTR Modulators Elexacaftor and Ivacaftor in Mice.

Recent advances in cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator combination therapies have markedly improved survival and quality of life for people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Among these, the elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor combination (Trikafta) and its updated formulation, vanzacaftor-tezacaftor-deutivacaftor (Alyftrek), represent major therapeutic milestones. However, emerging reports suggest that Trikafta may contribute to anxiety and depression in some people with CF.

CCL22 as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for pediatric-onset systemic lupus erythematosus.

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by diverse symptoms and multisystem involvement. Pediatric-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (pSLE) accounts for 10-20% of all SLE cases and tends to progress more rapidly and severely than adult-onset SLE, making diagnosis more challenging. Current biomarkers remain insufficient in predicting disease severity and organ-specific complications, highlighting the need for new biomarkers.

Recombinant Ostreolysin Promotes the Browning of Preadipocytes by Inhibiting the Expression of Genes Associated With the Hedgehog Signaling Pathway in db/db Mice.

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a highly prevalent metabolic-related fatty liver disease, has become a major global health issue with limited therapeutic options. Recent studies indicated that ostreolysin (Oly), a protein derived from oyster mushrooms, could be a potential therapeutic agent for NASH. In this study, recombinant Oly (rOly) was expressed in E.