Association Between Dietary Biotin Intake and Dementia Risk, Including Alzheimer's Disease: A Prospective Study of 122 959 UK Biobank Participants.

The relationship between dietary biotin intake and cognitive function remains unclear. This study explores the association between biotin and dementia, and the mediating role of inflammation indicators. Dietary biotin intake was assessed via the 24-h recall questionnaire.

Mitigating reconstruction errors in extended-ptychography with adaptive scanning position correction.

The combination of the extended ptychographic iterative engine (ePIE) and adaptive scanning position correction simplifies ptychographic imaging by eliminating the need for prior knowledge of the illuminating probe or object scanning positions. However, we demonstrate for the first time, to our knowledge, that reconstructed illuminations often suffer from significant quadratic phase errors, while the reconstructed objects exhibit slight size distortions. To address these issues, we propose what we believe to be a novel calibration method for these reconstruction errors.

trans-Configured Ligands Boost Spin Crossover to Room Temperature in Mononuclear Fe(II) Complexes.

Seven new mononuclear complexes [Fe(aqin)(NCS)] (1), [Fe(aqin)(NCSe)] (2), [Fe(aqin)(NCBH)] (3), [Fe(2-pic)(NCS)] (4), [Fe(2-pic)(NCSe)] (5), [Fe(2-pic)(NCBH)] (6), [Fe(tpa)(NCBH)] (7), [aqin = 8-aminoquinoline, 2-pic = 2-picolylamine, tpa = tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine)] are investigated. Structurally, except for 3, which affords a trans-configuration, all the complexes adopt a cis-configuration. Their propensity to crystallize without any solvent molecules facilitates the study of the influence of the "pure" ligand on spin-crossover (SCO) characteristics.

Clinical characteristics and prognosis of rhabdomyosarcoma in the female reproductive system: a population-based analysis using SEER data.

Objective: Rhabdomyosarcoma of the female reproductive system is rare, and as a result, management strategies are unclear. In this study, we categorized rhabdomyosarcoma based on location (cervical, uterine, vulvovaginal) and analyzed prognostic factors to guide individualized treatment.

Methods: Data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2000-2021) were used to identify patients with cervical, uterine, and vulvovaginal rhabdomyosarcoma.

Decision level scheme for fusing multiomics and histology slide images using deep neural network for tumor prognosis prediction.

Molecular biostatistical workflows in oncology often rely on predictive models that use multimodal data. Advances in deep learning and artificial intelligence technologies have enabled the multimodal fusion of large volumes of multimodal data. Here, we presented a decision level multimodal data fusion framework for integrating multiomics and pathological tissue slide images for prognosis prediction.

Scaling Cultured Meat: Challenges and Solutions for Affordable Mass Production.

As the global population grows and meat consumption increases, the demand for sustainable and efficient food systems becomes urgent. Cultured meat (CM) has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional meat, offering potential benefits in environmental conservation, resource efficiency, and animal welfare. Although the cost of CM has dropped dramatically-from $2.

A monitoring network SIMNet for weld penetration status based on multimodal fusion.

This paper primarily addresses the challenges posed by the difficulties in directly measuring the fusion width at the bottom of the weld and in real-time monitoring of the penetration state during the groove welding process. It focuses on the research of online penetration state monitoring technology, which utilizes multi-modal signals such as sound and image during the welding process. The multimodal network proposed in this paper, SIMNet, first employs the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) to convert the original sound signal into the time-frequency domain for preliminary feature extraction.

Modulating the local microenvironment over isolated nickel sites through first-shell coordination to regulate the reaction pathway of CO electroreduction.

Manipulating the local microenvironments of single-atom catalysts is crucial for the product selectivity of CO electroreduction. Although theoretical research suggests that modifying the coordination structure of isolated Ni sites can promote the reduction of CO to CH, there is still no experimental evidence to date. Herein, by regulating the coordination shell of boron (B) surrounding the Ni central atom, we have achieved the transformation of the reduction product from CO to CH.

Association of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol-Based Inflammatory Markers With MASLD and Significant Liver Fibrosis in US Adults: Insights From NHANES 2017-2020.

Introduction: Systemic inflammation and lipid metabolism disturbances are important hallmarks of the onset and progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). We aimed to explore the association of lymphocyte-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio (LHR), monocyte-HDL-C ratio (MHR), neutrophil-HDL-C ratio (NHR), and platelet-HDL-C ratio (PHR) with MASLD and significant liver fibrosis using NHANES 2017-2020 data.

Methods: LHR, MHR, NHR, and PHR were calculated based on complete blood count parameters and serum HDL-C.

Alterations of gut microbiota and metabolites in children with Crohn's disease and their correlation with disease activity.

Background: The disruption of the gut microbiota is a prominent feature seen in children with Crohn's disease (CD), impacting metabolic processes. These factors collectively contribute significantly to the onset and progression of CD. The aim of this study was to assess the variations in gut microbiota and metabolites in children with newly diagnosed CD and those in remission, and to investigate their potential correlation with clinical indexes.

The clinical application value of the biomarkers based on autophagy screening in the diagnosis and monitoring of inflammatory bowel disease in pediatric patients.

Unlabelled: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are immune-mediated disorders of children and adults. Autophagy dysfunction has been linked to IBD pathology, and we screened and evaluated the potential biomarkers for pediatric IBD diagnosis and activity evaluation. The autophagy gene expression matrix of IBD samples was obtained via GeneCards and GEO databases.

Comparative assessment of the Sikun 2000 sequencing platform for whole genome sequencing.

DNA sequencing technology has significantly advanced over the past five decades, particularly with the introduction of next-generation sequencing (NGS) platforms like Illumina's NovaSeq. In October 2023, Sikun introduced the Sikun 2000, a desktop NGS platform designed for rapid, cost-effective sequencing with up to 200 Gb of data per run. This study is the first to evaluate the performance of the Sikun 2000 in whole genome sequencing (WGS) and compares it with the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 and NovaSeq X platforms using five well-characterized human Genomes in a Bottle dataset.

The regulatory variant rs1950834 confers the risk of depressive disorder by reducing LRFN5 expression.

Background: Genome-wide association studies have identified 14q21.1 as a robust risk locus for major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive.

PTTG1 promotes M2 macrophage polarization via the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway and facilitates EMT progression in human epithelial ovarian cancer cells.

Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC) is complex and heterogeneous, making accurate prognosis and treatment prediction difficult. New therapeutic targets and their mechanisms are urgently needed. This study explored the role of PTTG1 in ovarian cancer via the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, focusing on its effects on M2 macrophage polarization and EMT progression in EOC cells.

Recent advances in photocatalytic HO production: modification strategies of 2D materials and application of HO.

Environmental pollution and the energy crisis are two major problems that threaten human health and restrict industrial development. Hydrogen peroxide (HO) is a green oxidant and clean energy widely used in sterilization, degradation of pollutants and as an energy carrier, which is one of the important strategies to solve these two major problems. In recent years, solar-driven photocatalytic production of HO has gained significant attention and been extensively studied.

Meningeal architecture of Meckel's Cave and its surgical implications: A study using epoxy sheet plastination and three-dimensional reconstruction.

Background: The architecture of Meckel's Cave (MC) dural walls and their associations with neighboring structures remain subjects of debate. Few studies have explored the thickness of the MC dural walls. The primary aim of this study was to elucidate the detailed meningeal architecture of MC and its relationship with the internal carotid artery, using sheet plastination technology to analyze the potential spreading pathways of tumors through the medial wall.

MUC18-Directed chimeric antigen receptor T cells for the treatment of mucosal melanoma.

Purpose: Mucosal melanoma, a highly aggressive form of skin cancer, remains challenging to manage due to the lack of effective therapies. Mucin 18 (MUC18) is overexpressed in both primary and metastatic lesions of melanoma but rarely in normal tissues. The expression profile makes MUC18 a potential target for development of therapeutic antibodies or chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cell therapy.

Academic burnout and its association with psychological factors among medical students in Guangxi, China.

Background: Academic burnout is prevalent among medical students and is directly related to psychological distress. However, little is known about academic burnout among medical students in Guangxi and its associations with psychological health. This study aimed to determine the associations between psychological factors and academic burnout among medical students.

Effects of sleep deprivation on sports performance and perceived exertion in athletes and non-athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Sleep deprivation can significantly affect sports performance and the perception of fatigue. However, the impact of sleep deprivation on sports performance remains a subject of ongoing debate across different populations.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of sleep deprivation on sports performance and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) in different groups, as well as how different types of sleep deprivation affect these aspects.

CGA protects against experimental colitis by modulating host purine metabolism through the gut microbiota.

Objective: Alterations in the gut microbiota may contribute to the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Chlorogenic acid (CGA), a product of the esterification of caffeic acid and quinic acid, is one of the most abundant polyphenols in the human diet and has potential beneficial effects on gut function. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Dynamic Change of PD-L2 on Circulating Plasma Extracellular Vesicles as a Predictor of Treatment Response in Melanoma Patients Receiving Anti-PD-1 Therapy.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have provided new hope for melanoma patients, however, not all patients benefit. Furthermore, ICI-related therapies cause significant immune-related adverse events that adversely affect patient outcomes. Therefore, there is a pressing need for reliable biomarkers to identify patients most likely to benefit from these treatments.

Ligand-induced ubiquitination unleashes LAG3 immune checkpoint function by hindering membrane sequestration of signaling motifs.

Lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG3) has emerged as a promising cancer immunotherapy target, but the mechanism underlying LAG3 activation upon ligand engagement remains elusive. Here, LAG3 was found to undergo robust non-K48-linked polyubiquitination upon ligand engagement, which promotes LAG3's inhibitory function instead of causing degradation. This ubiquitination could be triggered by the engagement of major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC class II) and membrane-bound (but not soluble) fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1).

Metalloenzyme-Inspired Cluster Fabrication within Mesoporous Channels Featuring Optimized Catalytic Microenvironments for Efficient Neutral pH HO Electrosynthesis.

In nature, some metalloenzymes facilitate highly efficient catalytic transformations of small molecules, primarily attributed to the effective coupling between their metal cluster active sites and the surrounding microenvironment. Inspired by this, a thermotropic redispersion strategy to incorporate bismuth nanoclusters (Bi NCs) into mesoporous channels, mimicking metalloenzyme-like catalysis to enhance the two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e ORR) for efficient neutral pH HO electrosynthesis, is developed. This model electrocatalyst exhibits exceptional 2e ORR performance with >95% HO selectivity across 0.

Transferrin Receptor Promotes Endometrial Cancer Proliferation by Activating the Iron-Dependent PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway.

Aberrant iron metabolism is frequently observed in cancers, including endometrial cancer (EC). However, the role of transferrin receptor (TFRC), a key regulator of iron metabolism, remains unclear in endometrial cancer. We found transferrin receptor expression was significantly upregulated in endometrial cancer tissues compared to adjacent nontumor tissues, and high transferrin receptor levels were associated with poor prognosis.

Coherent modulation imaging of high signal-to-noise ratio and high reconstruction speed.

Coherent modulation imaging (CMI) has become an effective tool for simultaneously detecting the modulus and phase of complex light fields. However, previously reported CMI methods suffered from low signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) and low convergence speeds. In this study, we propose a modified CMI method with high SNR and fast reconstruction speed.