Karanjin counteracts OVX-induced bone loss by dual regulating bone remodeling.

Background: Osteoporosis is a common skeletal disorder characterized by reduced bone mass and compromised bone microarchitecture. Although medicines have been developed for osteoporosis treatment, most of them focus either on inhibiting bone resorption or on promoting bone formation. Natural compounds have low toxicity, high efficacy, and poly-pharmacological actions, making them potential candidates for osteoporosis treatment.

EPHA4 signaling dysregulation links abnormal locomotion and the development of idiopathic scoliosis.

Idiopathic scoliosis (IS) is the most common form of spinal deformity with unclear pathogenesis. In this study, we first reanalyzed the loci associated with IS, drawing upon previous studies. Subsequently, we mapped these loci to candidate genes using either location-based or function-based strategies.

Integration of Bone-Targeted Delivery and Crosstalk Modulation of Liver-Bone Axis for Improved Osteoporosis Therapy.

Nanomedicines hold great promise for the treatment of osteoporosis, while their nonspecific accumulation in the liver typically reduces the drug delivery efficacy. Herein, we report bone-targeted liposomes encapsulated with arginine and metformin for the treatment of osteoporosis. These liposomes are functionalized with alendronate to enhance the bone-targeting capability.

The influence of sarcopenia on clinical and radiological features in patients with single-segment degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis at L4/5 level.

Purpose: Sarcopenia may be related to more severe clinical and radiological features; however, its influence on the patients with single-segment DLS at L4/5 level remains unclear. In the study, the impact of sarcopenia on clinical and radiological factors were investigated in patients with L4/5 degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS).

Materials And Methods: Patients diagnosed with single-segment DLS at L4/5 level were enrolled in the retrospective analysis based on a prospective, nonrandomized cohort dataset.

A novel classification of coronal malalignment in degenerative lumbar scoliosis for predicting postoperative coronal imbalance: a multicenter cohort study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the major risk factors of postoperative coronal imbalance (CIB) in patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) and to establish a novel predictive classification system for postoperative CIB.

Methods: A multi-institutional, retrospective cohort study was conducted and included 269 patients with DLS who underwent posterior long-segment instrumentation and fusion. Patients were divided into two groups: those with postoperative CIB and those with postoperative coronal balance.

Potential Physiological Factors Underlying Diagnostic Discrepancies between MRI-based Cervical Vertebral Bone Quality Scores and dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry T-scores.

Study Design: Retrospective observational study.

Objective: This study aims to: (1) identify physiological factors influencing cervical vertebral bone quality (C-VBQ) scores, and (2) elucidate the mechanistic basis for diagnostic discrepancies between C-VBQ scores and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in bone quality evaluation.

Summary Of Background Data: C-VBQ scores have emerged as a novel indicator for evaluating cervical bone quality.

Three-dimensional ultrasonography: Advancing the clinical evaluation of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

The clinical efficacy of 3D ultrasound for spinal curvature assessment was evaluated in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients through comparative analysis with conventional radiography. A prospective cohort of 230 preoperative and 22 postoperative AIS patients was evaluated over a 24-month period. Spinal curvature assessments were performed using a standardized 3D ultrasound system (SCN801), with reliability quantified via intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and validity assessed through Spearman correlation analysis.

Radiographic parameter differences in degenerative scoliosis with/without degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis.

Objective: To investigate the imaging differences between degenerative scoliosis (DS) with or without degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS).

Methods: 124 patients who underwent DS correction were enrolled in this study. Group A comprised 58 patients with DS with DLS, and group B comprised 66 patients with DS without DLS.

Comparison of Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes Between Percutaneous Endoscopic Transforaminal Diskectomy and Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Diskectomy for the Treatment of L4/5-Level MSU Size-3 Lumbar Disk Herniation: A 2-Year Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background And Objectives: Percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal diskectomy (PETD) and unilateral biportal endoscopic diskectomy (UBED) have demonstrated favorable clinical outcomes in managing lumbar disk herniation (LDH). The surgical treatment of Michigan State University (MSU) Size-3 LDH remains technically challenging. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of PETD and UBED, specifically in the treatment of L4/5-level MSU Size-3 LDH.

Clarifying the impact of spine-specific sarcopenia and generalized sarcopenia on clinical features in patients with lumbar degenerative diseases.

Background: The pathogenesis of paraspinal degeneration and sarcopenia, which is characterized by the decrease in generalized muscle quality and quantity, may be different in patients with lumbar degenerative diseases (LDD). In addition, the impact of them on the clinical features of LDD and their interaction are still unclear.

Purpose: To investigate the impact of generalized and spine-specific sarcopenia on the clinical features of patients with LDD and further examine the mediating role of paraspinal muscles STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective analysis of a prospective, nonrandomized cohort dataset.

Adjacent intervertebral disc preservation or not during hemivertebra resection in the treatment of congenital scoliosis: a minimum of 5-year follow-up.

Objective: To evaluate and compare whether removing the intervertebral disc (IVD) adjacent to the hemivertebra (HV) affects the therapeutic outcome of hemivertebra resection in pediatric patients.

Methods: Pediatric patients who were diagnosed with single fully segmented or semi-segmented hemivertebra from 2011 to 2018 were included. Patients were grouped based on whether removal of IVD(s) adjacent to HV.

Prevalence and distribution of cervical facet joint degeneration in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy without/with instability and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament-a comparative study.

Objectives: To compare the prevalence and distribution characteristics of the grade of cervical facet joint degeneration (FJD) among patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy without/with instability (CSM/CSMI), and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). Furthermore, to compare the differences in sagittal parameters and preoperative clinical symptoms between patients with mild and severe FJD.

Methods: The study enrolled 253 patients who underwent surgical treatment at our institution (90 CSM, 79 CSMI, 84 OPLL).

Variants in the SOX9 transactivation middle domain induce axial skeleton dysplasia and scoliosis.

SOX9 is a crucial transcriptional regulator of cartilage development and homeostasis. Dysregulation of is associated with a wide spectrum of skeletal disorders, including campomelic dysplasia, acampomelic campomelic dysplasia, and scoliosis. Yet how variants contribute to the spectrum of axial skeletal disorders is not well understood.

TNFα-reliant FSP1 up-regulation promotes intervertebral disc degeneration via caspase 3-dependent apoptosis.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a common chronic inflammatory degenerative disease that causes lower back pain. However, the underlying mechanisms of IDD remain unclear. Ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1) is a newly identified suppressor for ferroptosis.

Damascenone inhibits osteoclastogenesis by epigenetically modulating Nrf2-mediated ROS scavenge and counteracts OVX-induced osteoporosis.

Background: Bone formation and resorption regulate bone homeostasis. Excessive osteoclastogenesis enhances bone resorption and causes osteoporosis. Although medicines targeting osteoclast have been developed, these drugs have several side effects.

A More Efficient and Safer Improved Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Insertion Technique-Trajectory Dynamic Adjustment Technique, Technical Note, and Clinical Efficacy.

Objective: Percutaneous pedicle screw fixation (PPSF) technique requires a very precise entry point of the Jamshidi needle, which leads to repeated adjustments, damaging the pedicle and increasing radiation exposure. This study was designed to propose an improved percutaneous pedicle screw fixation technique-trajectory dynamic adjustment (TDA) technique, and evaluate its feasibility and assess the clinical outcomes.

Method: A total of 445 patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis or lumbar spinal stenosis associated with instability from June 2017 to May 2022 were included in the retrospective study.

Complicated Spinal Stenosis and Spinal Deformity in Patients with Achondroplasia: Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Objective: Due to the low incidence of achondroplasia (Ach), there is a relative lack of research on the treatment and management of spinal complications of Ach. Characteristics and interventions for spinal complications in patients with Ach are in urgent need of investigation. This study aimed to summarize the common spinal complications in patients with Ach and the corresponding treatment strategies.

Sequential Targeted Enzyme-Instructed Self-Assembly Supramolecular Nanofibers to Attenuate Intervertebral Disc Degeneration.

As an age-related disease, intervertebral disc degeneration is closely related to inflammation and aging. Inflammatory cytokines and cellular senescence collectively contribute to the degradation of intervertebral disc. Blocking this synergy reduces disc extracellular matrix damage caused by inflammation and aging.

The Role of Paraspinal Muscle in Postoperative Coronal Balance Transition in Degenerative Lumbar Scoliosis: A Two-Year Follow-Up Study.

Study Design: Retrospective observational study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether paraspinal muscle could influence postoperative coronal balance and its transition in degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS).

Summary Of Background Data: Although the importance of the paraspinal muscles (PSM) in sagittal alignment is well recognized, there is no information about its role in coronal balance.

The establishment of a novel upper cervical complex fracture classification system.

Background Context: Upper cervical complex fractures are associated with high rates of neurological damage and mortality. The Dickman's classification is widely used in the diagnosis of upper cervical complex fractures. However, it falls short of covering the full spectrum of complex fractures.

Comparative Study of Preoperative Sagittal Spinal Pelvic Alignment in Patients with Cervical Spondylotic Radiculopathy, Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament, and Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy.

Objectives: Cervical spondylosis may lead to changes in the sagittal parameters of the neck and trigger compensatory alterations in systemic sagittal parameters. However, there is currently a dearth of comparative research on the changes and compensatory alterations to sagittal parameters resulting from different types of cervical spondylosis. This study compared the preoperative sagittal alignment sequences among patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy (CSR), ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL), and cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) caused by factors resulting from non-OPLL factors.

Biomechanical Effects of Multi-segment Fixation on Lumbar Spine and Sacroiliac Joints: A Finite Element Analysis.

Objective: Spine fixation surgery affects the biomechanical environment in the sacroiliac joint (SIJ), which may lead to the SIJ pain or degeneration after surgery. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of the number and position of fixed segments on the SIJs and provide references for surgeons to plan fixation levels and enhance surgical outcomes.

Methods: The intact lumbar-pelvis finite element (FE) models and 11 fixation FE models with different number and position of fixed segments were developed based on CT images.

Can the 6-minute Walking Test Assess Ambulatory Function Impairment in Patients With Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy?

Study Design: Prospective cohort study.

Objective: Investigating the ability of a 6-minute walking test (6MWT) to assess functional status in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM).

Summary Of Background Data: The 6MWT provides an objective assessment of a patient's ability to walk.

Hysterectomy-a possible risk factor for operative intervention in female patients for degenerative lumbar spine conditions: a case control and cohort study.

Background Context: Researchers have recently linked hysterectomy, which alters sex hormone levels, to diseases like osteoporosis, lumbar spondylolisthesis, hypertension and diabetes etc. However, the association between hysterectomy and lumbar disc herniation (LDH)/lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) remains unclarified.

Purpose: To determine whether there is a correlation between hysterectomy and surgical intervention for LDH/LSS in women, further substantiated through imaging and clinical research.