Distribution Characteristics of Vertebral CT Hounsfield Unit Values in Patients With Degenerative Lumbar Scoliosis.

Study DesignRetrospective study.ObjectiveThis study aims to identify how CT HU values vary in degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) patients with different scoliotic apexes and in those with different degree of scoliosis.MethodsWe included 222 DLS patients and 140 lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) patients, dividing the DLS patients into 2 groups based on scoliotic apex location.

High allostatic load in women in the third trimester associated with delayed onset of lactogenesis: A prospective study.

Problem: Stress is an important factor affecting postpartum lactation and is associated with the delayed onset of lactogenesis. Allostatic load is a comprehensive index for measuring chronic stress that effectively reflects the degree of chronic stress in pregnant women. However, no studies have explored the relationship between allostatic load and delayed onset of lactogenesis in pregnant women.

Virtual reality force feedback spine surgery simulator training for pedicle screw placement: assessing the impact of seniority and spinal region.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Virtual Reality Force Feedback Spine Surgery Training Simulators (VRFF-SSTS) in enhancing the skills of spinal pedicle screw placement (PSP) among orthopedic fellows in continuing medical education, and whether influenced by seniority and spinal location.

Methods: A multi-centered, cross-sectional study enrolled fellows from three tertiary care referral hospitals. Participants were categorized into three groups (A, B, and C) based on their post-graduation year (PGY), reflecting their hierarchical order of spine-surgical training: A (PGY1-5), B (PGY6-10), and C (> 10).

Uncovering the Pressure-Dependent Mechanism of CO Hydrogenation to Methanol on Ga-Promoted Cu/ZrO Using Modulation-Excitation DRIFTS.

The synthesis of methanol via CO hydrogenation is attracting significant interest, with Cu-based catalysts currently leading this promising approach. Incorporating Ga and Zr promoters further enhances catalyst performance by suppressing the competing reverse water-gas shift (RWGS) reaction. However, their precise mechanistic roles and the identities of key reaction intermediates remain debated, which may be the key for catalyst design and process optimization.

Impact of delayed addition of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors to chemotherapy on outcomes in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer.

Background: Immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy is the first-line treatment for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). However, the effect of delayed initiation of immunotherapy on its efficacy remains unclear.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the impact of the delayed addition of programmed death receptor 1/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) inhibitors on treatment outcomes in patients with ES-SCLC.

Human iPSCs Derived MSCs-Secreted Exosomes Modulate Senescent Nucleus Pulposus Cells Induced Macrophage Polarization via Metabolic Reprogramming to Mitigate Intervertebral Disc Degeneration.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a leading cause of discogenic lower back pain, yet the crosstalk between macrophage polarization and nucleus pulposus (NP) cell senescence in IDD progression remains poorly understood. Emerging therapies using human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSCs)-derived mesenchymal stem cells (iMSCs) show promise for IDD treatment. In this study, it is first demonstrated that senescent NP cells promote macrophage polarization toward the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype in coculture systems.

LncRNA PVT1 promotes cuproptosis through transcriptional activation of FDX1 in colorectal cancer.

Background: Cuproptosis, a copper-dependent form of regulated cell death, has emerged as a redox-sensitive vulnerability in cancer. However, the molecular basis by which this process is initiated and sustained in tumors remains poorly defined.

Methods: We investigated the functional role of FDX1 in cuproptosis in colorectal cancer through a series of in vivo and in vitro assays.

A novel classification of coronal malalignment in degenerative lumbar scoliosis for predicting postoperative coronal imbalance: a multicenter cohort study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the major risk factors of postoperative coronal imbalance (CIB) in patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) and to establish a novel predictive classification system for postoperative CIB.

Methods: A multi-institutional, retrospective cohort study was conducted and included 269 patients with DLS who underwent posterior long-segment instrumentation and fusion. Patients were divided into two groups: those with postoperative CIB and those with postoperative coronal balance.

Study on the relationship between the non-HDL/HDL cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and endometriosis: a cross-sectional analysis utilizing the NHANES dataset.

Background: Numerous previous studies have suggested dyslipidemia is possibly linked to endometriosis (EMs). The connection between endometriosis and NHHR remains largely unexplored. Thus, this investigation examined whether NHHR is correlated with endometriosis development among adult women in the United States of America.

Clinical value of fat depositions in different lumbar areas on spine degeneration and clinical outcomes.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the distribution characteristics and clinical values of the intramuscular, epimuscular and subcutaneous fat depositions in lumbar areas in lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) patients and healthy controls.

Methods: The study retrospectively reviewed 236 LSS patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion with follow-up visits. We also recruited 115 healthy controls from the community.

Clec7a Signaling in Microglia Promotes Synapse Loss Associated with Tauopathy.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis involves progressive synaptic degeneration, a process potentially driven by maladaptive microglial pruning activity. While synaptic loss is a hallmark of AD, the molecular signals triggering pathological microglia-mediated synaptic engulfment remain elusive. Clec7a-a key marker of disease-associated microglia (DAM)-is known to activate spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) signaling, enhancing Aβ phagocytosis and neuroprotective functions in 5×FAD models.

Vimentin Fragmentation and Its Role in Amyloid-Beta Plaque Deposition in Alzheimer's Disease.

Intermediate filament protein vimentin (Vim) is a well-established marker for reactive astrocytes and has been closely associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). RNA sequencing data reveal elevated expression of Vim in AD brains, with its aggregation frequently observed around amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques. However, the precise mechanisms by which Vim influences the aggregation or propagation of Aβ plaques remain unclear.

Construction of a nomogram to guide prophylactic cranial irradiation in extensive‑stage small cell lung cancer.

Patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) have a high risk of brain metastasis (BM). However, to the best of our knowledge, the risk factors for BM remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the risk factors and establish a prediction model for BM in patients with ES-SCLC.

Exosomes derived from MSCs exposed to hypoxic and inflammatory environments slow intervertebral disc degeneration by alleviating the senescence of nucleus pulposus cells through epigenetic modifications.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is the leading cause of low back pain, which places heavy burdens on society and individuals. Surgical intervention is the conventional therapy for IDD, but patients who undergo surgery face relatively high risks of recurrence and complications. Therefore, a relatively less invasive and efficient treatment for IDD is urgently needed.

Comparison of Modified Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion and Posterior-Only Approach in the Treatment of Degenerative Lumbar Scoliosis.

Objective: Degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) often requires surgical intervention, but traditional posterior-only approaches, despite their effectiveness, result in significant muscle damage and high complication rates. Minimally invasive techniques like oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) and the Wiltse approach are preferred for preserving posterior structures. However, the lack of controlled studies comparing combined approaches to traditional methods limits their efficacy evaluation.

Deformity angular distance ratio independently predicts intraoperative neuromonitoring alerts in spinal deformity correction.

Background: Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) alerts are critical concerns for surgeons performing spinal deformity corrective surgeries, as they indicate a heighteded risk of postoperative neurological deficits. Previous studies have demonstrated that patients with large Cobb angle or elevated deformity angular ratio (DAR) are at an increased risk of IONM alerts. However, spinal curves with similar Cobb angles and DARs may exhibit significantly different risks of IONM alerts during surgery.

Improving the accuracy of current sagittal alignment evaluation system centered around pelvic incidence: a new machine-learning based classification.

Purpose: The study's aim was to characterize the variations in spinopelvic alignment among an asymptomatic population and to establish a classification system for this alignment. Additionally, it sought to formulate predictive formulas for lumbar lordosis (LL) based on pelvic incidence (PI) to enhance the accuracy of spinal balance assessments.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 726 asymptomatic individuals.

Distal Pedicle Subtraction Osteotomy for Ankylosing Spondylitis With the Dual Complications of Andersson Lesions and Idiopathic Spinal Cord Hernia: A Rare Case Report.

Background And Importance: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a systemic chronic inflammatory disease. Andersson lesion (AL) is a late complication of advanced AS. Idiopathic spinal cord hernia (ISCH) is a rare disorder of the spinal cord.

Risk factors for mechanical complications in degenerative lumbar scoliosis with concomitant thoracolumbar kyphosis: does the selection of the upper instrumented vertebra matter?

Background: Degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) represents a distinct subset of adult spinal deformity, frequently co-occurring with thoracolumbar kyphosis (TLK) in the sagittal plane. TLK is typically viewed as detrimental in degenerative spinal conditions and has been linked to increased pain severity and a higher prevalence of mechanical complications (MC) as previously reported. The present study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with the development of MC in patients with DLS and concomitant TLK.

The predictive value of multifidus degeneration in osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture patients with kyphosis deformity.

Background Context: Osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) causes pain, kyphosis and neurological damage, which significantly affect patients' quality of life. Patients with OVCF are often elderly and have severe osteoporosis, which makes preoperative symptom more serious, postoperative recovery worse and the incidence of postoperative complications high. The paraspinal muscles have been well studied in adult spinal deformities, but there is no conclusive evidence that their findings can be applied to OVCF.

Biomechanical and clinical evaluation of PSO, modified PSO and VCR treating OVCF kyphosis: a finite element analysis.

Objective: To confirm the effect of surgery on spinal column biomechanics and to provide theoretical support for the advantages and disadvantages of different surgical methods and their clinical efficacy.

Methods: 33 continuous patients with no significant difference in risk factors related to the mechanical complications were enrolled in this retrospective study. Sagittal parameters were measured in the pre-, post-operative and following-up lateral radiograph of spine.

Cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying obesity in degenerative spine and joint diseases.

Degenerative spine and joint diseases, including intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), ossification of the spinal ligaments (OSL), and osteoarthritis (OA), are common musculoskeletal diseases that cause pain or disability to the patients. However, the pathogenesis of these musculoskeletal disorders is complex and has not been elucidated clearly to date. As a matter of fact, the spine and joints are not independent of other organs and tissues.

Noncoding RNA as a crucial epigenetic modulator in the degeneration of the ligamentum flavum.

Ligamentum flavum degeneration, including hypertrophy and ossification of the ligamentum flavum, leads to degenerative spinal stenosis in older adults. However, the underlying mechanisms of ligamentum flavum degeneration remain unclear, and therapeutic strategies are limited. Noncoding RNAs include microRNAs, circular RNAs, and long noncoding RNAs.