Design and implementation of a writing-stroke motor imagery paradigm for multi-character EEG classification.

Motor imagery (MI) based brain-computer interfaces (BCI) decode neural activity to generate command outputs. However, the limited number of distinguishable commands in traditional MI-BCI systems restricts practical applications. To overcome this limitation, we propose a multi-character classification framework based on Electroencephalography (EEG) signals.

Deep learning-based histomorphological subtyping and risk stratification of small cell lung cancer from hematoxylin and eosin-stained whole slide images.

Background: Accurate subtyping and risk stratification are imperative for prognostication and clinical decision-making in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). However, traditional molecular subtyping is resource-intensive and challenging to translate into clinical practice.

Methods: A total of 517 SCLC patients and their corresponding hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained whole slide images (WSIs) from three independent medical institutions were analyzed.

Designing a pseudocapacitive binary Zn/Mn perovskite fluoride anode with a conversion/alloying/insertion hybrid mechanism for advanced Na-ion capacitors and Na-based dual ion batteries.

Na-ion capacitors (NICs) and Na-based dual ion batteries (Na-DIBs) have received intensive attention due to their high energy density, high power density, and long cycle life and the low cost of sodium. Hence, a novel perovskite KZMF(3-1)@rGO nanocrystal used as the sodium-storage anode is coupled with an activated carbon (AC) cathode and a graphite (KS6) cathode to construct NICs and Na-DIBs, respectively. The KZMF(3-1)@rGO electrode with a superconducting carbon black (SP) conductive agent and 0.

Distribution characteristics of microplastics in wastewater treatment plants in mega cities-the case study of Chengdu City.

With the increasingly serious problem of microplastic pollution, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have attracted much attention as a key node for intercepting microplastics into the natural environment. In this study, the distribution characteristics of microplastics and their removal efficacy in wastewater treatment processes were systematically investigated in four typical wastewater treatment plants in Chengdu. The abundance, particle size, morphology and composition of microplastics in the influent and sludge were quantitatively analyzed by improving the sampling device and combining body-view microscopy and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.

Emodin Alleviates Acute Pancreatitis-Associated Acute Lung Injury by Inhibiting Serum Exosomal miRNA-21-3p-Induced M1 Alveolar Macrophage Polarisation.

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a common abdominal emergency in clinical practice. Approximately 20%-40% of patients with SAP will be associated with acute lung injury (SAP-ALI), which is a major cause of death. Emodin (EMO) is a naturally occurring anthraquinone derivative with various pharmacological properties.

The Olfactory System of (Marsh) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a Natural Enemy of (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae).

The parasitoid wasp is a key koinobiont solitary endoparasitoid of the invasive agricultural pest . This study investigates both the morphological and molecular foundations of sex-specific olfactory differentiation in this species. Morphological analysis revealed that males possess significantly longer antennae (2880.

Advances in mechanisms and challenges in clinical translation of synergistic nanomaterial-based therapies for melanoma.

Melanoma is a highly malignant form of skin cancer, with its incidence and mortality rates continuously rising on a global scale. Although traditional treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, as well as targeted and immunotherapy, have made certain progress, the efficacy of these therapeutic modalities remains limited due to the high metastatic potential, heterogeneity, and drug resistance of melanoma. In recent years, nanomaterials, with their unique physicochemical properties, have emerged as a significant research focus in tumor therapy.

The Mo-14Re alloy, a promising candidate material for bioresorbable vascular scaffolds.

Zinc‑, iron‑, and magnesium‑based biodegradable metals suffer inherent limitations as bioresorbable scaffold materials, including inappropriate degradation rates and insufficient mechanical strength. Pure molybdenum (Mo) has been proposed as an alternative, but its clinical application is hampered by brittleness and potential nephrotoxicity. A Mo alloy was engineered to address these challenges.

Photonic Boosting of Lattice Oxygen Mobility in Rh-Mn/CoAlO Heterostructure Catalysts to Enhanced CO-SCR Catalytic Performance.

Developing efficient low-temperature selective catalytic reduction (CO-SCR) catalysts remains a key challenge in reducing nitrogen oxide (NO) emissions. Here, we report a photothermal-enhanced Rh-Mn/CoAlO heterostructure catalyst that achieves excellent NO conversion (more than 90% at 140 °C) and N selectivity (>80%) under visible to infrared light irradiation. By integration of highly dispersed Rh units with Mn clusters onto a hydrotalcite-derived CoAlO support, the catalyst exhibits synergistic light absorption and dynamic lattice oxygen migration capabilities.

Plant prenyltransferases: Diversity, catalytic activities, mechanisms, and application in heterologous production of prenylated natural products.

Plant prenyltransferases (PTs) are pivotal enzymes in the biosynthetic pathways of prenylated natural products (PNPs) that catalyze the transfer of isoprenyl units (C) to specific receptor molecules, including aromatic compounds and terpene precursors. Recent advancements in plant genomics and synthetic biology have significantly accelerated research on PTs in natural product synthesis, positioning them as a focal point for scientific investigation. Although there are existing reviews on the functions and classification of PTs, the functional diversity of plant PTs remains inadequately understood.

Necroptosis in cancer: insight from epigenetic, post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications.

Necroptosis represents a distinct form of programmed cell death that exhibits characteristics of both necrosis and apoptosis. Due to its potential to activate anti-cancer immune responses, utilizing necroptosis to enhance immune activity within the tumor microenvironment has garnered significant attention. However, effectively regulating necroptosis in cancer remains a formidable challenge.

Mapping QTLs for adult-plant resistance to yellow rust in a hard winter wheat population Heyne × Lakin.

Adult-plant resistance to yellow rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is a durable type of resistance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.

Identification and functional analysis of a novel potent anti-angiogenesis peptide SAIF-B2 derived from shark cartilage.

Marine-derived bioactive molecules represent promising candidates for lead drug development. Structural optimisation of these lead drugs significantly enhances their suitability as drugs, setting the framework for large-scale manufacturing. We previously identified shark-derived angiogenesis inhibition factor (SAIF), a 33 amino acid peptide from shark cartilage, which has anti-angiogenic activity but has inadequate in vivo stability, thereby limiting clinical translation.

Advances in Influencing Mechanisms and Therapeutic Effects of Bacteriophages on Cancer.

Cancer brings about an enormous threat to human health,making the exploration of its mechanisms and therapeutic strategies a current focal point and challenge in research.Bacteriophages are integral components of the human microbiome,and studies have shown their influences on tumor growth and metastasis and their pivotal role in cancer treatment.This article elucidates the mechanisms by which bacteriophages impact the occurrence and development of cancer from their interactions with cancer cells,effects on bacteria,and influence on the immune system.

Linarin alleviates high-fat diet-induced NAFLD via modulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, autophagy, and gut microbiota.

Linarin (Lin) is a flavonoid compound widely found in traditional herbal medicines and is recognized for its diverse biological properties, including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and anti-apoptotic effects. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely associated with autophagy and inflammation processes. However, the interaction between Lin and NAFLD remains underexplored.

Synthesis and evaluation of smart drugs with integrated functions for identifying and treating oxidative microenvironments associated with cellular ferroptosis.

Ferroptosis is a novel form of cell death driven by oxidative damage, and is implicated in various pathological conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases, retinal damage, and ischemia-reperfusion injury of organs. Inhibiting ferroptosis has shown great promise as a therapeutic strategy for these diseases, underscoring the urgent need to develop effective ferroptosis inhibitors. Although Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) is a potent ferroptosis inhibitor, its susceptibility to oxidation and metabolic inactivation limits its clinical utility.

Selenium Nanoplatform Engages Tranexamic Acid to Alleviate Ultraviolet B-Induced Skin Pigmentation via Inflammatory Response.

Skin is the largest organ of the body and serves as a barrier against various environmental threats, including ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which could lead to pigmentation and an increased risk of melanoma. Oxidative stress has been identified as a significant factor in UV-induced skin pigmentation, yet there still remain significant challenges in understanding its role . Selenium nanoparticles have exhibited multiple bioactivities in many fields, but their application in skin diseases is limited.

Delivery of Molecular Hydrogen for Precision Immunomodulation: Mechanisms, Detection Methods, and Applications.

The delivery of molecular hydrogen (H) is increasingly recognized for its potential in precision immunomodulation, primarily through multiple pathways such as antioxidant action, modulation of inflammatory factors, and inhibition of apoptosis. These effects contribute to a balanced and functional immune system, highlighting the therapeutic promise of H in various inflammatory conditions. However, two critical issues remain unresolved: the unclear mechanism underlying the immunomodulatory effects of H and the lack of precision detection methods to clarify the dose-efficacy relationship in vivo.

Edge-site anchored single-atom Ti on α-MnO for high performance enhancement in ultra-low temperature NH-SCR.

Mn-based catalysts hold significant promise for industrial applications in low-temperature SCR reactions. In contrast to conventional approaches, where Mn is typically used as an active component deposited on other supports, this study introduces an innovative inverse-loaded catalyst, Ti/α-MnO, where inert single-atom Ti is precisely anchored at the step sites of α-MnO nanorods. This site-specific placement dramatically enhances catalytic performance, achieving 80 % NO conversion at an exceptionally low 50 °C, a 20 % improvement over pristine α-MnO.

Clusterin facilitates glioma progression via BCL2L1-dependent regulation of apoptotic resistance.

Background: Clusterin (CLU) is a multifunctional protein involved in various pathophysiological processes and diseases. Glioma, the most common aggressive primary brain tumor, is characterized by high morbidity, mortality, and extremely poor prognosis. Our research has found that CLU is upregulated in glioma and contributes to increased tumor malignancy.

BIScreener: enhancing breast cancer ultrasound diagnosis through integrated deep learning with interpretability.

Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among women worldwide, and early detection through the standardized BI-RADS framework helps physicians assess the risk of malignancy and guide appropriate diagnostic and treatment decisions. In this study, an interpretable deep learning model (BIScreener) was proposed for predicting BI-RADS classifications from breast ultrasound images, aiding in the accurate assessment of breast cancer risk and improving diagnostic efficiency. BIScreener utilizes the stacked generalization of three pretrained convolutional neural networks to analyze ultrasound images obtained from two specific instruments (Mindray R5 and HITACHI) used at local hospitals.

Pyrolysis of nitrogen-rich microalgae: kinetics, products, and amino acid contributions.

Pyrolysis offers a promising pathway for converting microalgae into high-value products. However, the governing mechanisms, particularly those involving amino acids, remain inadequately understood. Clarifying the behavior of amino acids during pyrolysis is essential for optimizing conversion efficiency and controlling pollution from N-containing products.

A tailored high-nickel cobalt-free Na-doped LiNiMnAlO cathode for superior lithium storage.

To meet the growing demands of the electric vehicle market, it is urgent to search for high-nickel cobalt-free layered cathodes for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) to boost electrochemical energy storage. However, their practical application is severely limited by some disadvantages in terms of relatively high cost, inherent structural instability and severely detrimental phase transitions. Herein, an Na-doped LiNiMnAlO sample was fabricated by a simple high-temperature solid-state method.

DeepTFtyper: an interpretable morphology-aware graph neural network for translating histopathology images into molecular subtypes in small cell lung cancer.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma with a poor prognosis. Molecular subtyping of transcription factors (SCLC-A, -N, -P, and -Y) shows great potential for guiding treatment decisions. However, its clinical application are limited by insufficient samples and the complexity of molecular testing.