T-2 Toxin Exploits Gut-Derived Staphylococcus Saprophyticus to Disrupt Hepatic Macrophage Homeostasis.

T-2 toxin, a mycotoxin that frequently causes hidden contamination in food and animal feed, poses a substantial threat to both human and animal health. Staphylococcus saprophyticus (S. saprophyticus) is an opportunistic pathogen that widely infects humans and various animals.

G Protein-coupled receptors: key targets for maintaining the function of basal ganglia-thalamus-cortical circuits in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's Disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease, is clinically characterized by resting tremor, rigidity and postural balance disorder. Its pathological essence is the progressive degenerative death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), leading to a significant decrease in striatal dopamine (DA) levels. This results in the dysfunction of basal ganglia-thalamus-cortex (BGTC) circuit.

Unraveling the metabolic network of volatile flavor dynamics development during the golden pomfret fermentation driven by core bacteria: a combined multi-omics analysis.

Fermented golden pomfret (FGP) flavor formation is a complex process. This study explored the FGP flavor formation pattern through multi-omics techniques. A total of 71 volatile compounds were detected.

Effectiveness of thulium versus diode lasers in oral soft tissue surgery: a randomized clinical study.

Objectives: To comprehensively compare and evaluate the relative effectiveness of thulium laser and diode laser in oral soft tissue surgery procedures.

Methods: Thirty-three participants who needed oral soft tissue surgery, encompassing frenectomy and gingivectomy, were recruited and subsequently randomized into two groups including 14 in the experimental group and 19 in the control group. The experimental group was treated with thulium fiber laser, while the control group was treated with the diode laser (980 nm).

Evaluation of serum alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase as predictive biomarkers for the prognosis of male breast cancer.

Breast cancer has become one of the most common malignant tumors in women, and the incidence rate is increasing annually in men. This study focused on exploring the prognostic significance of the combined detection of serum ALP and LDH in patients with breast cancer. We enrolled 80 individuals with male breast cancer (MBC), female breast cancers (FBCs) were randomly matched via propensity score matching (PSM).

Intermittent pneumatic compression can reduce the incidence of upper extremity venous thrombosis after peripherally inserted central catheter placement in traumatic brain injury patients: A randomised controlled trial.

Background: Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are commonly used in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in neurosurgical intensive care units. A frequent complication of this procedure is upper-extremity venous thrombosis (UEVT), which can lead to adverse outcomes.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) in reducing the incidence of UEVT in patients with TBI undergoing PICC placement.

Efficient federated learning via aggregation of base models.

Federated Learning (FL), as a distributed computing framework for training machine learning (ML) models, has garnered significant attention for its superior privacy protection. In typical FL, a subset of client models is randomly selected for aggregation in each iteration, which performs well when the data is independent and identically distributed (IID). However, in real-world scenarios, data is often non-independent and identically distributed (Non-IID).

Efficacy and safety of Tuomin Zhiti decoction on patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Tuomin Zhiti decoction (, TZD) in the short-term treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR).

Methods: This study is a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled, and single-center clinical trial. In April 2021, during the spring pollen season in Beijing, 94 SAR patients aged 19-60 years were randomized (1:1 ratio) to receive two weeks of TZD or placebo.

The Influence of Crystal Anisotropy in Femtosecond Laser Processing of Single-Crystal Diamond.

The single-crystal diamond (SCD), owing to its extreme physical and chemical properties, serves as an ideal substrate for quantum sensing and high-frequency devices. However, crystal anisotropy imposes significant challenges on fabricating high-quality micro-nano structures, directly impacting device performance. This work investigates the effects of femtosecond laser processing on the SCD under two distinct crystallographic orientations via single-pulse ablation.

Familial spinocerebellar ataxia type 3: A case report of multi-generational presentation.

Rationale: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), also known as Machado-Joseph disease, a rare autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by cytosine-adenine-guanine repeat expansions in ATXN3, lacks effective therapies. This case report highlights the clinical and genetic features of a family with 5 affected members to emphasize the challenges in diagnosis, management, and the need for targeted therapies.

Patient Concerns: A 33-year-old male proband presented with progressive gait instability, limb incoordination, and dysarthria for more than 2 years.

Hsa_circ_0006834 represses intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma proliferation through activating AMPK-mTOR pathway and autophagy via has-miR-637-NGFR network.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is a malignancy with difficult treatment and poor prognosis, whose pathogenesis could be associated with the expression patterns of circular RNAs (circRNAs). Here, we aim to investigate the effects and mechanism of hsa_circ_0006834 on iCCA proliferation. At first, hsa_circ_0006834 was proved to suppress iCCA cells proliferation and induce autophagy following the construction of hsa_circ_0006834 vector.

An Integrated Machine Learning Framework for Developing and Validating a Diagnostic Model of Hub Genes Related to Lipid Metabolism in Chronic Rhinosinusitis.

Purpose: The study aimed to identify key genes related to lipid metabolism in chronic sinusitis and understand their biological implications, considering the growing interest in the association between chronic sinusitis - a complex inflammatory condition - and lipid metabolism due to lipids' role in inflammation and immunity.

Methods: Gene expression data from bulk - RNA sequence was analyzed and intersected with lipid metabolism genes and WGCNA module genes from the MSigDB database. Immune infiltration analysis was conducted.

Prognostic and Immunologic Characteristics of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Based on Disulfidptosis-Related lncRNAs.

Disulfidptosis is a new and unique mode of cell death in malignant tumors that plays an important role in tumorigenesis and development. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of disulfideptosis-related lncRNAs (DRLs) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Differential expression and Pearson correlation analyses were used to identify DRLs associated with HNSCC, and a regression model containing six core DRLs was constructed using univariate Cox regression analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis.

Recurrent Hybridisations During Diversification of One Rhododendron Species Complex.

Hybridisation plays a significant role in plant diversification, yet successive hybrid speciation within species-rich groups remains undocumented. We focused on a monophyletic species complex comprising one subsection, which belongs to the highly diverse genus of Rhododendron centred in the mountains of southwest China. By assembling the genome of one individual and resequencing all populations found, we uncovered four well-delimitated lineages within this subsection.

Identification of energy metabolism and m6A-related gene clusters in Kashin-Beck disease based on bioinformatics analysis.

Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) is a chronic and debilitating osteoarthropathy predominantly affecting populations in certain endemic regions. Despite extensive research, the underlying mechanisms of KBD remain poorly understood. Here we analyzed gene expression profiles from KBD patients and healthy controls, identifying 16 differentially expressed genes.

Confinement in fibrous environments positions and orients mitotic spindles.

Accurate positioning of the mitotic spindle within the rounded cell body is critical to physiological maintenance. Mitotic cells encounter confinement from neighboring cells or the extracellular matrix (ECM), which can cause rotation of mitotic spindles and tilting of the metaphase plate (MP). To understand the effect of confinement on mitosis by fibers (ECM confinement), we use flexible ECM-mimicking nanofibers that allow natural rounding of the cell body while confining it to differing levels.

Self-assembling TLR2 agonists promote mucosal immune responses without pulmonary immunopathologic injuries in mice.

Nasal vaccines offer advantages in eliciting mucosal immunity, particularly through the induction of dimeric IgA. However, the complex mucosal environment poses challenges in achieving optimal immunogenicity and safety. This study introduced Diprovocim, a TLR2 agonist, as an effective and safe adjuvant for mucosal vaccines.

The impact of social media fashion influencers' relatability on purchase intention: The mediating role of perceived emotional value and moderating role of consumer expertise.

With the rise of social media, social media fashion influencers (SMFIs) have become an important channel for brands to communicate with consumers, and their relatability plays an important role in promoting consumers' purchase intention. However, the impact of SMFIs' relatability on consumers' purchase decisions and its functional mechanism have not been fully explored. The study clarifies the concept of SMFIs' relatability, explores its dimensions, and examines its impact on consumers' purchase intention, with perceived emotional value as a mediator and consumer expertise as a moderator.

Biomarkers Related to Peritoneal Transfer Function and Dialysis Adequacy.

The main treatment for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is renal replacement therapy, among which peritoneal dialysis (PD) is easy to perform, inexpensive, and widely used. The internationally adopted Peritoneal Equilibration Test (PET) categorizes peritoneal function into four types based on the dialysate-to-plasma creatinine ratio (D/Pcr). In some patients undergoing long-term PD, changes in peritoneal function lead to a decline in dialysis adequacy, which ultimately results in withdrawal from PD.

ROS-Responsive Hydrogel for Localized Delivery of Nampt and Stat3 Inhibitors Exhibits Synergistic Antitumor Effects in Colorectal Cancer Through Ferroptosis Induction and Immune Microenvironment Remodeling.

Targeting Nampt to modulate NAD metabolism and exert antitumor effects has become a research hotspot in the field of cancer metabolism. But early clinical trials have only achieved modest results, primarily due to the need for improved efficacy and the occurrence of severe systemic adverse effects. Therefore, enhancing antitumor efficacy and reducing the adverse effects of Nampt inhibitors are urgent challenges.

Dietary preferences affect the gut microbiota of three snake species (Squamata: Colubridae).

Introduction: The gut microbiota is an emerging frontier in animal research, and researchers are increasingly transparent about its importance to animal health. Reptiles, particularly snakes, have not received the same attention given to other vertebrates, and the composition of their wild gut microbiome remains understudied.

Methods: In this study, the HiSeq high-throughput sequencing platform was used to sequence and analyze the 16S rRNA V4 region of the gut microbiota of three species (, , ).

Development and validation of a 3-D deep learning system for diabetic macular oedema classification on optical coherence tomography images.

Objectives: To develop and validate an automated diabetic macular oedema (DME) classification system based on the images from different three-dimensional optical coherence tomography (3-D OCT) devices.

Design: A multicentre, platform-based development study using retrospective and cross-sectional data. Data were subjected to a two-level grading system by trained graders and a retina specialist, and categorised into three types: no DME, non-centre-involved DME and centre-involved DME (CI-DME).

Flavanol-hydroxytyrosol hybrids and diterpenoids with anti-neuroinflammatory activity by regulating the expressions of NF-κB and IL-1β in vitro from Tripterygium hypoglaucum rhizomes.

The study aimed to identify the anti-neuroinflammatory compounds present in the rhizomes of Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Levl.) Hutch while simultaneously elucidating their mechanisms of action against neuroinflammation in vitro. Seven previously undescribed compounds, including a pair of flavanol-hydroxytyrosol hybrids (1-2) and three diterpenoids (5-7), were isolated from T.

Tuo-Min-Ding-Chuan Decoction Alleviates Asthma via Spatial Regulation of Gut Microbiota and Treg Cell Promotion.

: Tuo-Min-Ding-Chuan decoction (TMDC), a traditional Chinese prescription, has demonstrated significant clinical efficacy in treating allergic asthma. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of TMDC in treating asthma from the perspective of Treg cells and gut microbiota across distinct gut segments (jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon). : An ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma model was established in mice, followed by oral administration of TMDC at high, medium, and low dose.