T-2 Toxin Exploits Gut-Derived Staphylococcus Saprophyticus to Disrupt Hepatic Macrophage Homeostasis.

T-2 toxin, a mycotoxin that frequently causes hidden contamination in food and animal feed, poses a substantial threat to both human and animal health. Staphylococcus saprophyticus (S. saprophyticus) is an opportunistic pathogen that widely infects humans and various animals.

An attenuated African swine fever virus with deletions of the and genes offers complete protection against homologous challenge in pigs.

African swine fever (ASF) has caused a devastating pandemic among domestic and wild swine, leading to significant economic losses in the global swine industry. Recombinant live-attenuated vaccines are a potential option for the control of ASF. However, safe and effective vaccines against the ASF virus (ASFV) are not yet commercially available, and thus, additional vaccine candidates still need to be developed.

Impact of vaccination strategy adjustments on antibody levels against measles, rubella, mumps, and varicella in China: a single-center serological survey.

Objective: This study evaluated trends in population immunity against measles, rubella, mumps, and varicella in Suqian City (2005-2024) using serological surveys (2019-2024) and incidence data, incorporating participants with known/unknown vaccination statuses to explore immunity dynamics amid evolving policies, and inform public health planning.

Methods: Serum samples from 541 (2019) and 506 (2024) healthy participants were analyzed for virus-specific IgG antibodies using ELISA. Disease incidence data were obtained from China's National Notifiable Disease Reporting System.

Development and Application of Mouse-Derived CD2v Monoclonal Antibodies Against African Swine Fever Virus from Single B Cells.

African swine fever (ASF) is a highly pathogenic and hemorrhagic swine infectious disease caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV). It encodes over 150 proteins, among which the CD2v protein plays multiple roles throughout the infection process. Single B-cell antibody technology is a cutting-edge method for preparing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), which has the advantages of rapid, efficient, and high yield in antibody production, while possessing natural conformations.

Extraction of xylo-oligosaccharides and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals from corncob using stepwise treatment with ammonium persulfate.

An innovative two-step ammonium persulfate (APS) process for corncob was proposed, utilizing the acidity of APS to produce xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) and its oxidizing capability to generate carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (cCNCs). Treatment with 0.5 % APS at 150 °C for 90 min resulted in a maximum XOS yield of 40.

Breakthrough Recognition in Robotic-Assisted UBE Surgery Based on Force Sensing and VAE-MLP.

Background: Robotic-assisted unilateral biportal endoscopic surgery (UBE) is a more accurate and safer technique than traditional open surgical operations. The penetration recognition of ultrasonic drilling remains one of the challenging techniques of robotic-assisted UBE surgery.

Methods: We propose a force and VAE-MLP-based method for real-time penetration recognition.

Advancements in polymer materials for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries.

Polymers are anticipated to address the bottleneck challenges in high-energy-density batteries due to their inherent flexibility, tunable structures, and ease of functionalization. In this review, we first analyze the requirements for cathode, anode, and electrolyte materials in high-energy-density batteries, alongside the existing challenges within current material systems. We then summarize and discuss the current status and developmental trends of polymer materials in these domains.

The relationship between cognitive and global function in patients with schizophrenia and mood disorders: a transdiagnostic network analysis.

Objective: Cognitive deficits present transdiagnostic characteristic and partly explain the poor functional outcomes of patients with mental disorders. Understanding the relationships between neurocognition, social cognition, and global function may help identify new cognitive intervention targets. We aimed to model the complex interrelationships among these variables with Gaussian Graphical Modeling in a transdiagnostic sample.

Biomimetic Gourd-Vine Supramolecular Engineering for High-Performance Organic Cathode Through Dual-Mode of Anion Coordination and Conjugated Redox Activation.

P-type organic cathode materials feature multielectron redox activity, structural tunability, and elevated redox potentials, making them promising candidates for battery applications. Nevertheless, their practical deployment remains hindered by inherent challenges, particularly the persistent dissolution issue in conventional electrolytes, leading to rapid capacity fading. To overcome these intrinsic limitations, we propose a biomimetic supramolecular engineering strategy inspired by the hierarchical reinforcement observed in gourd-vine systems, which integrates two synergistic design principles.

Spin crossover in metal-organic cages.

Spin-crossover (SCO) materials, as stimulus-responsive molecular switches, have garnered significant attention for applications in information storage, biomimetic sensing, and molecular devices due to their unique ability to couple magnetic bistability with external stimuli ( temperature, pressure, light, and electric field). In recent years, spin-crossover metal-organic cages (SCO-MOCs) have emerged as the nexus of chemical synthesis, supramolecular engineering, and quantum science. These systems integrate spin-state switching with molecular functionality, offering tuneable topological architectures, distinctive SCO characteristics, and dynamic host-guest responsiveness.

Functionalized Bottlebrush Polymers as Bioinspired Photocatalysts for Highly Efficient Organic Transformations.

Bioinspired catalysts replicate key catalytic functions of natural enzymes and offer innovative solutions to challenges in chemical synthesis, energy conversion, and environmental sustainability. In this study, bottlebrush polymers are synthesized via ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) and their use as bioinspired photocatalysts. By precisely controlling the degrees of polymerization, monomer composition and sequence, and the architecture of macromonomers, phenoxazine photosensitizer and/or bipyridine-nickel complexes are incorporated into bottlebrush polymers to afford photoredox and dual photocatalysts.

Biomimetic Composite Nanoparticles with Immune Modulation and CRISPR Gene Editing for Enhancing Mild Photothermal Therapy-Based Synergistic Antitumor Therapy.

Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a promising cancer treatment. However, the high temperature generated during therapy may harm normal tissues, and the immunosuppressive microenvironment induced by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) hinders immune clearance of residual tumors after PTT. Therefore, developing mild PTT and remodeling the immunosuppressive microenvironment are crucial to improve antitumor efficacy and irradiation safety.

A case of cardiac arrest and spontaneous renal hemorrhage in a male patient with persistent eosinophilia: highlighting the importance of early diagnosis of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis.

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a rare multi-system disease that presents significant diagnostic challenges due to its complexity and low incidence (White and Dubey, 2023). It affects males and females equally, though males may exhibit more active disease at diagnosis and often require more aggressive treatment (Liu et al., 2023).

When buildings become barriers: assessing the impact of building height on the equality of emergency medical services accessibility-a dual-trip study in Wuhan, China.

Background: As urbanization accelerates, the height of urban buildings continues to rise, which may influence the provision of Emergency Medical Services (EMS). However, a current limitation is that related studies often neglect the impact of spatial variations in building height on EMS accessibility equality. Most scholars have focused primarily on EMS road travel-either the Departure Road Trip (DRT) or the Transport Trip (TT)-while overlooking the effects of building height on the in-building EMS trip, known as the Patient Access Trip (PAT).

Fragment-informed SAR: rational construction of quinoline derivatives as dual AChE/BChE inhibitors.

This study introduces a Fragment-Informed Structure-Activity Relationship (FI-SAR) paradigm for developing cholinesterase inhibitors through strategic coupling of amino-functionalized fragments with quinoline scaffolds. A library of 105 conjugates was synthesized and comprehensively assessed to delineate fragment-to-conjugate activity transfer. Quantitative analysis revealed a positive correlation between fragment potency and conjugate inhibitory activity, with phenolic Mannich base derivatives showing the strongest interdependence.

Zinc Alleviates Gut Barrier Dysfunction by Promoting the Methylation of AKT.

Zinc plays a crucial role in the gut barrier function and are widely used for the prevention of bowel disease. However, the mechanism via which zinc supplementation exerts this regulatory effect is unclear. The present study identifies and characterizes the zinc-responsive activation of AKT and demonstrates its function in alleviating gut barrier dysfunction.

[Short-Term Efficacy of Low-Dose Venetoclax Combined with CHG Priming Regimen in Patients with AML and High-Risk MDS Ineligible for Intensive Chemotherapy].

Objective: To investigate the short-term efficacy and safety of low-dose venetoclax combined with CHG (cytarabine+homoharringtonine+G-CSF) priming regimen in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) ineligible for intensive chemotherapy.

Methods: The data of 14 patients with AML or high-risk MDS admitted to the department of hematology/oncology of the First Hospital of Tsinghua University and 2 cooperative institutions from July 2022 to August 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients were treated with low-dose venetoclax combined with CHG priming regimen and the early induction (one course) efficacy and adverse reactions were observed.

Cellular hierarchy for understanding heterogeneity of acute myeloid leukaemia with t(8;21)/RUNX1-RUNX1T1.

Objectives: Differentiation hierarchies in myeloid malignancies influence therapeutic response and prognosis. Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) with t(8;21) is one of the most recurrent genetic subtypes of AML and is considered a distinct entity with shared characteristics. However, clinical outcomes remain markedly heterogeneous.

Medicinal Plant-Derived Carbon Dots Nanozymes Ameliorate Ulcerative Colitis via Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Gut Barrier-Protective Effects.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by oxidative stress, immune dysregulation, and compromised intestinal barrier integrity. Current therapeutic agents are frequently limited by safety concerns. To address this clinical challenge, we pioneered the development of an innovative nanotherapeutic system derived from the medicinal plant via hydrothermal synthesis, which integrates antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and barrier-restorative functionalities.

Nature-Inspired Nanostructures from Multiple-Species Biomembranes: Rational Engineering and Therapeutic Applications in Tumor-Targeted Nanomedicine.

The advent of nanomedicine is profoundly revolutionizing conventional paradigms in cancer therapeutics. Selected formulations encompassing lipid nanoparticles and polymeric nanoparticles have already attained regulatory approval for clinical treatment. Nonetheless, achieving precise spatiotemporal control of exogenous nanomedicine within intricate physiological environments remains a formidable challenge.

Optimal control of multi-bus DC microgrids based on distributed dual-projection-layer recurrent neural network considering bus voltage regulation.

With the broad application of plug-and-play loads, it brings new challenges to conventional control issues in DC microgrids. This work addresses the joint optimization of generation costs and transmission line power losses considering bus voltage regulation. Specifically, the concept of virtual load nodes is first introduced so that loads can be implemented as plug-and-play.

Construction and Biological Characteristics of a Quadruple Gene-Deleted Strain of Orf Virus as a Vaccine Candidate.

(1) Background: Contagious ecthyma, also known as orf, is an epitheliotropic zoonotic disease caused by the orf virus (ORFV), primarily affecting the skin and mucous membranes of ruminants such as goats and sheep, leading to the formation of papules and pustules. Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent this disease in susceptible animals; however, traditional attenuated vaccines carry the potential risk of reversion to virulence. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop safe and effective vaccines for the prevention and control of orf.

Ovarian remodeling and aging-related chronic inflammation and fibrosis in the mammalian ovary.

Background: The female ovary undergoes constant follicular atresia from birth, as well as ovulation and corpus luteum (CL) regression during reproductive age, leading to recurrent ovarian remodeling and ultimately resulting in ovarian aging. However, aging-related cellular and molecular changes in the ovary remain poorly explored.

Results: Using ovarian transcriptomics, we characterized the changes in gene expression in the ovaries of young (2-month-old), middle-aged (6-month-old) and old (12-month-old) mice.