Newcastle disease virus promotes spreading infection through vimentin-dependent tight junction injury mediated by MLC/p-MLC activation.

Newcastle disease virus (NDV), a widespread poultry pathogen, spreads efficiently via the respiratory tract. However, the precise mechanism governing its spreading infection remains unclear. This study reveals that NDV-induced tight junction (TJ) injury is crucial for viral replication and spread.

High-spin surface Fe = O synthesis with molecular oxygen and pyrite for selective methane oxidation.

Nature-inspired high-spin Fe = O generation enables efficient ambient methane oxidation. By engineering sulfur-bridged dual ≡Fe…Fe≡ sites on pyrite (FeS) mimicking soluble methane monooxygenase, we achieve O-driven formation of high-spin (S = 2) surface Fe = O species at room temperature and pressure. Strategic removal of bridging S atoms creates active sites that facilitate O activation via transient ≡Fe-O-O-Fe≡ intermediates, promoting homolytic O - O bond cleavage.

A Conjugated Polymer-Based Injectable Hydrogel for Programmed Antibiofilm and Anti-Inflammation Therapy to Promote Diabetic Wound Healing.

Chronic diabetic wounds pose severe challenges in the clinic due to drug-resistant biofilm infections and an inflammatory microenvironment. Herein, an injectable hydrogel (NPs@gel) is developed and applied for antibiofilm and anti-inflammation, accelerating diabetic wound healing. First, an o-nitrobenzene (NB)-modified conjugated polyfluorene vinylene photosensitizer (PFV-NB) is designed and synthesized.

Surface Fe═O Induced Highly Selective Phenol Polymerization via Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer.

Organic polymerization offers a sustainable alternative for water decontamination and resource recovery; however, its popularization is bottlenecked by the unsatisfactory selectivity of traditional electron transfer processes. In this study, we demonstrate that surface high-valent iron-oxo species (≡Fe═O) on nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI), characterized by an unoccupied d orbital and a terminal-oxo moiety, can realize highly efficient phenol recovery via a proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) pathway for phenol transformation into phenoxyl radicals with final polymers of 3231 g mol in average molecular weight and an impressive polymeric selectivity of 92.6%, surpassing those reported in free radical-/catalyst-oxidant complex-based systems driven by electron transfer (below 77.

MG-UNet: multi-scale convolutional gate-based network for background-removal imaging in fluorescence microscopy.

Fluorescence microscopy is indispensable in biological and medical research for its ability to provide detailed visualization of tissue and cellular structures. However, wide-field fluorescence microscopy often suffers from out-of-focus blur and background emission, degrading image clarity and axial resolution. To address this limitation, we propose multiscale convolutional gated UNet (MG-UNet), a novel deep neural network designed to enhance wide-field fluorescence images by learning the high contrast and sharpness features of confocal microscopy.

High-fidelity tissue super-resolution imaging achieved with confocal spinning-disk image scanning microscopy.

Super-resolution imaging has revolutionized our ability to visualize biological structures at subcellular scales. However, deep-tissue super-resolution imaging remains constrained by background interference, which leads to limited depth penetration and compromised imaging fidelity. To overcome these challenges, we propose a novel imaging system, confocal² spinning-disk image scanning microscopy (CSD-ISM).

Biomimetic Composite Nanoparticles with Immune Modulation and CRISPR Gene Editing for Enhancing Mild Photothermal Therapy-Based Synergistic Antitumor Therapy.

Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a promising cancer treatment. However, the high temperature generated during therapy may harm normal tissues, and the immunosuppressive microenvironment induced by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) hinders immune clearance of residual tumors after PTT. Therefore, developing mild PTT and remodeling the immunosuppressive microenvironment are crucial to improve antitumor efficacy and irradiation safety.

Nitric oxide-activatable NIR-II organic small molecule for fluorescence imaging-guided synergistic photodynamic and photothermal therapy.

Precise cancer diagnosis and treatment are vital for reducing mortality. The development of activatable second near-infrared window (NIR-II) imaging-guided tumor phototherapy strategies with excellent tumor specificity and antitumor effects remains a major challenge. In this work, we design and synthesize a D-π-A-π-D organic small molecule CTBA that can be effectively activated by nitric oxide.

Engineered tumor microspheres via microfluidics and decellularized extracellular matrix for high-throughput organoid-based drug screening.

Colorectal cancer is a prominent global malignancy that highlights the pressing need for reliable preclinical models to expedite therapeutic efficacy and drug discovery. Traditional models, such as cell lines and patient-derived xenografts, are constrained by their inability to fully replicate tumor heterogeneity and support scalable drug screening. While patient-derived organoids more accurately preserve tumor pathophysiology, their clinical translation is impeded by technical challenges related to standardization, reproducibility, and high-throughput compatibility.

Homolytic HO Dissociation into Hydroxyl and Hydrogen Radicals on Sulfur-Deficient Greigite for Efficient Hydration Reactions.

Homolytic dissociation of ubiquitous water (HO) into radical species is pivotal in driving reactions across chemical, biological, geoscientific, and environmental domains; yet, it faces substantial challenges in cleaving the robust O-H bond and preventing radical recombination. Herein, we demonstrate that greigite with sulfur vacancies (SVs) can ambiently dissociate HO into reactive hydroxyl (•OH) and hydrogen (•H) radicals in a stoichiometric manner. This process is facilitated by the inverse-spinel structure of FeS, where the antiparallel arrangement of high-spin Fe atoms localizes electrons at SVs, enabling barrierless cleavage of the O-H bond to yield •OH and •H.

Planar asymmetric surface Fe = O synthesis with pyrite and chlorite for efficient oxygen atom transfer reactions.

Surface high-valent iron-oxo species (≡Fe=O) are reliable and green oxygen atom transfer reagents, but the ability is seriously inhibited by the maximal orbital overlap of axial Fe = O double bond in a symmetric planar coordination environment. Herein, we report the synthesis of planar asymmetric surface Fe = O (PA-≡Fe = O) on pyrite using chlorite as the oxidant, where the in-situ generated ClO can transform a planar Fe-S bond to Fe-Cl by oxidizing and subsequently substituting planar sulfur atoms. Different from planar symmetric surface Fe = O (PS-≡Fe = O) with electron localization around axial Fe = O, PA-≡Fe = O delocalizes electrons among Fe, axial oxo moiety and its planar ligands owing to the stronger electron-withdrawing capacity of Cl, which effectively weakens the orbital overlap of axial Fe = O bonding and thus facilitates the rapid electron transfer from the substrates to the unoccupied antibonding orbital of PA-≡Fe = O, realizing more efficient oxygen atom transfer oxidation of methane, methyl phenyl sulfide, triphenylphosphonate and styrene than PS-≡Fe = O.

A "Dual Spatial Confinement" Route to Tailor Efficient Dual-Active Sites ORR Catalyst for Rechargeable Zn-Air Batteries.

Dual active center catalysts (DACs) are effective for accelerating the sluggish kinetics of cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in rechargeable zinc-air batteries (ZABs). However, their tendency to aggregate severely restrict the catalytic efficiency. Herein, a "dual spatial confinement" route is conceived to develop a family of well-dispersed DACs for boosting ORR activity and ZABs.

Dark-based optical sectioning assists background removal in fluorescence microscopy.

In fluorescence microscopy, a persistent challenge is the defocused background that obscures cellular details and introduces artifacts. Here, we introduce Dark sectioning, a method inspired by natural image dehazing for removing backgrounds that leverages dark channel prior and dual frequency separation to provide single-frame optical sectioning. Unlike denoising or deconvolution, Dark sectioning specifically targets and removes out-of-focus backgrounds, stably improving the signal-to-background ratio by nearly 10 dB and structural similarity index measure of images by approximately tenfold.

Public services and agglomeration effect under spatial structure: Threshold verification on the provincial capital cities in China.

This paper explains the relationship between public services expenditure and agglomeration economy from the perspective of spatial structure, considering that the allocation of public service expenditure by local governments does not fully leverage the benefits of agglomeration effects. We constructed a general equilibrium model that examines the close relationship between public service expenditure and agglomeration effect. From a spatial structure perspective, regions are categorized into monocentric and polycentric spatial structures.

Comparative pathogenicity of goose parvovirus across different epidemic lineages in ducklings and goslings.

The endemic status of goose parvovirus (GPV) continues to devastate the poultry industry in China. Novel GPV (NGPV) and Mutated GPV (MGPV) represent the predominant lineages. However, the comparative pathogenicity between these viruses remains poorly understood.

Splicing factor PTBP1 promotes hepatocarcinogenesis via oncogenic splice-switching of MAPT.

Background: Alterations in splicing factors contribute to aberrant alternative splicing (AS), which subsequently promotes tumor progression. The splicing factor polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 (PTBP1) has been shown to facilitate cancer progression by modulating oncogenic variants. However, its specific role and underlying mechanisms in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain to be elucidated.

Engineered exosomes improve the effects of curcumin on protecting mitochondria of neurons in Alzheimer's disease.

The synthetic DSPE-PEG-C3 peptide and DSPE-PEG-TPP were designed to modify the exosomes (EXO) by incubation, through which guide the C3/TPP-EXO to target the injured mitochondria of neurons. Then, C3/TPP-EXO was further used to encapsulate the curcumin (CUR) to enhance the solubility and bioavailability of the drug. By intravenously injected (i.

Palladium Complex Grafted on PEG-Based Amphiphilic Polymers as ppm Level Micellar Catalysts for Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling in Water.

A series of bisphosphine-grafted amphiphilic polymers based on polyethylene glycol-poly(vinylethylene glycol) (PEG-PVEG) copolymers have been synthesized by using allylic etherification polymerization as a pivotal step. Self-assembling of the palladium complexes of the obtained amphiphilic polymers into spherical micelles has been investigated by UV-vis, DLS and TEM analysis. The outstanding catalytic performance of the present micellar palladium catalyst has been evidenced in the aqueous Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction, achieving remarkable efficiency even at a low catalyst loading of 100 ppm within 2 h.

COPS5 Triggers Ferroptosis Defense by Stabilizing MK2 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Sorafenib, which is proven to serve as a potent ferroptosis inducer, is used as a first-line treatment for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but it has limited clinical benefits, mainly due to drug resistance. Herein, using genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screening and multiple functional studies, this work identifies COP9 signalosome subunit 5 (COPS5) as a driver of sorafenib resistance and a suppressor of ferroptosis in HCC. Consistently, the amplification and overexpression of COPS5 are frequently observed in clinical HCC samples, which are associated with poor patient prognosis and might predict patient response to sorafenib therapy.

IR820 Sensitized Ceria Nanozyme via PDA Bridging for Multifaceted Antibacterial Wound Healing Therapy.

Nanozymes with peroxidase (POD)-like activity hold significant potential for addressing antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. However, their catalytic efficiency and therapeutic efficacy need further improvement to broaden their clinical applications. A key challenge is achieving efficient energy transfer from photosensitizing molecules to nanozymes, which is critical for enhancing catalytic performance.

Fast segmentation and multiplexing imaging of organelles in live cells.

Studying organelles' interactome at system level requires simultaneous observation of subcellular compartments and tracking their dynamics. Conventional multicolor approaches rely on specific fluorescence labeling, where the number of resolvable colors is far less than the types of organelles. Here, we use a lipid-specific dye to stain all the membrane-associated organelles and spinning-disk microscopes with an extended resolution of ~143 nm for high spatiotemporal acquisition.

Erratum: Fast reconstruction and optical-sectioning three-dimensional structured illumination microscopy.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.

Tea Extracellular Vesicle-Derived MicroRNAs Contribute to Alleviate Intestinal Inflammation by Reprogramming Macrophages.

The clinical use of conventional medications for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is often limited by significant side effects. The extracellular vesicles derived from plant-based diets have shown promise in mitigating disease. Here, we discovered that natural extracellular vesicles from tea (TEVs) can achieve an appropriate transition from proinflammatory (M1) to anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages and inhibit inflammation response both in vitro and in vivo.