Association between serum inflammatory cytokines, substantia nigra structural changes, and brain functional network in Parkinson's disease.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD), a common neurodegenerative disorder, involves neuroinflammation and abnormal brain structure and function in its pathogenesis. However, integrative studies of multidimensional biomarkers remain limited. This article aimed to explore the associations between peripheral inflammation levels, substantia nigra (SN) structural changes, and brain functional network features in patients with PD.

Multi-Cantilevered Tetrahedral DNA Spider (TDSpider): An Efficient Molecular Machine for Biometrics and Disease Diagnosis.

Low-dimensional machines frequently encounter difficulties in terms of limited walking efficiency, largely due to the scarcity of binding arms and inaccurate biorecognition process. Fabricating molecule machines possessing flexible effector that facilitates the conversion of target content into a signal, and entitle machines with stereoscopic structure, could largely enhance the operational efficiency of conventional molecule machines through recognition and transferring process. Here a multicantilevered TDN was synthesized, comprising extended arms with allosteric nucleic acid enzyme (ANAzyme), named "DNA spider" (TDSpider, TDS).

Visible light-mediated degradation of benzo(a)pyrene in smoked sausages by liposome-encapsulated hydrogenated TiO₂: insights into mechanisms and pathways.

This study aims to explore the control and degradation of benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) in smoked sausages through photocatalysis. Experimental results indicate that TH@CS-LDO-Lip (Hydrogenated TiO-coated Carbon Sphere-Layered Double Oxide-Liposome) significantly improves the light energy utilization efficiency and enhances the separation of photogenerated charge carriers. The film fabricated based on TH@CS-LDO-Lip effectively reduced B(a)P levels in smoked sausage by 67.

Effect of plasma adsorption and low-volume plasma exchange on intracranial pressure in acute-on-chronic liver failure: a prospective observational study.

Background: Patients with liver failure may be accompanied by cerebral edema and elevated intracranial pressure (ICP). The effect of plasma adsorption (PA) and low-volume plasma exchange (PE) on ICP were unclear.

Methods: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) receiving PA followed immediately by low-volume PE.

Green-Synthesized Silver Nanoparticle-Loaded Antimicrobial Films: Preparation, Characterization, and Food Preservation.

This study presented a novel antimicrobial packaging PVA/xanthan gum film decorated with green-synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) derived from () for the first time. Montmorillonite (MMT) was used to improve its dispersion (AgNPs@MMT). The synthesis time, temperature, and concentration of AgNO were considered using a central composite design coupled with response surface methodology to obtain the optimum AgNPs (2 h, 75 °C, 2 mM).

Normal Values of Sympathetic Skin Responses in Children and Their Clinical Significance.

Introduction/aims: The sympathetic skin response (SSR) is a well-established measure of sudomotor function in adults, but pediatric reference values remain undefined. We established age-stratified normative values for SSR latency and amplitude in healthy children and investigated how these values change during development.

Methods: The study enrolled 185 pediatric participants: 176 in the healthy group (no anticholinergic medications, neurological/autoimmune/oncological disorders) and 9 in the clinical group with suspected sympathetic dysfunction.

Health literacy scale for women with polycystic ovary syndrome (HL-PCO): Instrument development and cross-sectional validation study.

Background: Health literacy is crucial in shaping health outcomes for individuals with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), influencing their disease perceptions, treatment adherence, and self-management behaviors. Women with PCOS often face challenges due to inadequate health literacy, leading to delayed diagnosis and low treatment compliance. However, there is a lack of specific tools to measure health literacy within the context of PCOS, hindering accurate assessments and targeted interventions.

Preparation of a fucoidan-KCl-based sodium salt substitute and its application in improving chicken mince quality.

Potassium chloride (KCl), a sodium substitute, faces challenges due to its metallic bitterness. This study investigated the bitterness-masking effect of fucoidan (Fuc), a sulfated polysaccharide, on KCl and its impact on chicken mince quality. Sensory evaluation, rheological analysis, and simulated K release tests revealed that 1.

Screening G6PD Mutations in Blood Donors by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry with High-Throughput and Multiple Targets.

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is a common inherited disorder worldwide and is particularly prevalent in historically malaria-endemic countries. This study established a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) assay for G6PD mutation detection. This MALDI-TOF-MS assay with single-base extension was developed to efficiently and accurately test 19 common G6PD variants in the Chinese population.

Rapid Detection of Fecal Antigen of Helicobacter pylori Infection Based on Double Antibody Sandwich Detection Technology.

Helicobacter pylori can be parasitic in gastric mucosa, which can cause a series of gastrointestinal diseases after infection and is closely related to gastritis, gastric ulcer, and gastric cancer. The high prevalence of H. pylori infection in regions with poor medical infrastructure and inadequate sanitation areas remains a significant public health concern.

A potential herbal component for the future treatment of fatty liver disease: Geniposide from gardenia.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multisystemic metabolic disease whose global incidence is increasing annually; the currently available treatment options are limited to lifestyle alterations and symptomatic treatments, such as hepatoprotective treatments. However, it is difficult for most patients to adhere to strict lifestyle interventions for long periods, and lifestyle interventions alone have limited effects in some patients with moderate-to-severe NAFLD. Regarding traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatments, Zhi-Zi-Da-Huang decoction and Zhi-Zi-Huang-Qin decoction are widely used classic formulas for NAFLD.

Metabolic Characteristics of Obese Adolescents with Different Degrees of Weight Loss After Identical Exercise Training Intervention.

This study aims to elucidate the metabolic differences between obese adolescents categorized into low-weight-loss (LWL) and high-weight-loss (HWL) groups. The objective of this study is to investigate the metabolic characteristics of obese adolescents, with a focus on the statistically significant individual differences observed in weight loss outcomes after the same dietary and exercise training intervention. A four-week exercise and dietary intervention was administered to the participants.

Lanthanide-Encoded Multi-functional Tetrahedral DNA for Precise Nanodevice Encoding.

The encoding of precise nanodevices is undoubtedly an extremely optimal approach for information storage and multiplex detection. Undeniably, precise control over the nanostructure, composition, and morphology of these devices is of paramount importance. However, most of the tags currently used for encoding are limited by insufficient quantity and low resolution, resulting in deficiencies in accuracy, scalability, and exclusivity of the encoded structures.

Prognostic effect of body roundness index on all-cause mortality among US older adults.

The Body Rounds Index (BRI) is an anthropometric indicator specifically developed to evaluate an individual's obesity level, particularly emphasizing central or abdominal obesity. This study aimed to explore the relationship between BRI and all-cause mortality in older U.S.

Design, synthesis, and in-vitro/in-vivo pharmacodynamic studies of novel aza-fused heterocyclic compounds against herpes simplex virus type 1.

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a prevalent pathogen that can lead to severe diseases, including herpes labialis, keratitis, and encephalitis. The development of novel antiviral therapies is significant due to the limited number of available treatments and the emergence of drug-resistant strains. In this study, a series of aza-fused heterocyclic derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for antiviral efficacy.

Public services and agglomeration effect under spatial structure: Threshold verification on the provincial capital cities in China.

This paper explains the relationship between public services expenditure and agglomeration economy from the perspective of spatial structure, considering that the allocation of public service expenditure by local governments does not fully leverage the benefits of agglomeration effects. We constructed a general equilibrium model that examines the close relationship between public service expenditure and agglomeration effect. From a spatial structure perspective, regions are categorized into monocentric and polycentric spatial structures.

Defect-Engineered Multi-Intermetallic Heterostructures as Multisite Electrocatalysts for Efficient Water Splitting.

Efficient water splitting for renewable hydrogen production requires the development of highly active and stable electrocatalysts. This study investigates the design and synthesis of defect-engineered multimetallic heterostructures as advanced electrocatalysts for overall water splitting. A synergistic approach combining atomic-scale defect engineering and multiphase heterostructures is employed to enhance catalytic activity.

[Meta-analysis of Soil Organic Carbon and Its Active Fractions in Response to Straw and Film Mulching].

In order to study the differences in the effects of mulching measures on soil organic carbon （SOC） and carbon fractions under different environments and farmland management measures, the Meta-quantitative analysis method was used to analyze the changes in SOC and carbon fractions under straw and film mulching, and the environmental and farmland management measures at the test sites were grouped to explore their change characteristics under different environments. Compared with film mulching, straw mulching was more beneficial to increase SOC, dissolved organic carbon （DOC）, and microbial biomass carbon （MBC） contents. The SOC percentage change rate under straw mulching was 14.

Efficacy and safety of SYSA1902 versus reference ustekinumab in moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: A multicenter, randomized, phase III study.

Background: SYSA1902 is a biosimilar of ustekinumab.

Objective: Evaluate the efficacy and safety of SYSA1902 compared with reference ustekinumab in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis.

Methods: Eligible patients were randomized to receive SYSA1902 or ustekinumab (Stelara, Janssen) 45 mg subcutaneously at week 0, 4, 16, 28, and 40.

Potential Causal Relationship Between Extensive Lipid Profiles and Various Hair Loss Diseases: Evidence From Univariable and Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Analyses.

Background: Hair loss disorders, including non-cicatricial forms such as alopecia areata (AA) and androgenetic alopecia (AGA), as well as cicatricial forms, represent significant dermatological concerns influenced by various factors, including lipid metabolism. While observational studies and clinical trials have suggested a link between lipid levels and hair loss, the causal relationship remains unclear.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive analysis of 983 lipid variables [including triglycerides (TG), fatty acids, cholesterol, cholesterol esters, phospholipids, and lipoproteins] and 4 hair loss disorders.

Lignin nanoparticle-stabilized pickering emulsion: Mechanism, influencing parameter, and emerging application.

Pickering emulsions using solid particles as stabilizers have attracted considerable interest due to their unique properties, environmental protection, high stability, and cost-effectiveness. However, the current solid particles used as stabilizers have been unable to meet the demands for sustainable development. Lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) are nanoscale particles derived from lignin, a complex biopolymer found in the cell walls of woods and plants.

Microbial community dynamics in the soil-root continuum are linked with plant species turnover during secondary succession.

Grazing exclusion and land abandonment are commonly adopted to restore degraded ecosystems in semiarid and arid regions worldwide. However, the temporal variation in the soil- versus root-associated microbiome over plant species turnover during secondary succession has rarely been quantified. Using the chronosequence restored from fenced grassland and abandoned farmlands on the Loess Plateau of China, we characterized the dynamics of the soil- and root-associated microbiome of host plant with different dominance statuses during secondary succession from 0 to 40 years.

Quality control and spectrum-effect relationship of polysaccharide from different habitats.

The polysaccharides of (CPP) from ten habitats were prepared through water abstraction and alcohol precipitation. Subsequently, an analysis was conducted on their physicochemical properties and molecular structure. The establishment of multidimensional fingerprints is based on instrumental analysis methods.

Isotope Dilution DNA Logic Circuits for Multiple Output and Absolute Quantification.

DNA logic circuits have gained great success in the past, thanks to their distinct performance regarding the scalability and correctness of computation. However, there are still two challenges often considered for DNA logic circuit-based computation. First, the mainstream optical probes are often subject to spectral overlapping interference for complex multitask analysis and outputs.