Multi-omics analysis and validation of autophagy-related diagnostic biomarker in osteoarthritis.

Background: Autophagy plays an essential regulatory role in the development of osteoarthritis (OA), its specific regulatory mechanism remains unclear. This work aims to study the critical genes related to autophagy in OA and explore their potential value.

Methods: Datasets were downloaded from the publicly available GEO database, and differentially expressed autophagy-related genes (ARGs) were obtained.

The U shape relationship between glucose and potassium ratio and mortality in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage in the US population.

The prognostic value of the glucose-potassium ratio (GPR) in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) remains undetermined. We investigated the association between the GPR at admission and all-cause mortality (ACM) in critically ill patients with SAH. We identified critically ill patients with SAH from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care database and stratified them into quartiles based on the GPR levels at admission.

Development of an SI-traceable magnetic solid-phase extraction coupled with isotope dilution LC-MS/MS method for accurate quantification of alpha-fetoprotein in human serum.

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a critical biomarker widely used for the screening and diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and germ cell tumors. Although immunoassays are commonly employed for AFP detection, significant discrepancies in measurement results across different laboratories persist due to poor harmonization among methods. To improve the accuracy and harmonization of AFP quantification, this study developed a novel magnetic solid-phase extraction coupled with isotope dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (MSPE-ID-LC-MS/MS) method for the precise measurement of AFP in serum.

Synthesis and electrical properties of 2D cubic vanadium nitride.

Due to the exceptional physical and chemical properties, vanadium nitride (VN) films exhibit significant potential for a wide range of applications. However, their non-layered structure has hindered their integration into two-dimensional nano-electronic devices, primarily due to the challenges associated with synthesizing well-defined 2D films. This study proposed an efficient method for the synthesis of 2D vanadium nitride films through a two-step growth process that combines chemical vapor deposition with atomic substitution.

Ecological momentary interventions for eating disorders: a systematic review of the nascent science and recommendations for future research.

Background: Ecological momentary interventions (EMIs) deliver real-time, technology-based support in everyday settings. They have been used as standalone treatments or adjuncts to traditional care, with growing but still limited evidence supporting their effectiveness. EMIs offer a method for reducing barriers to care such as high costs, stigma, and limited access to providers - issues particularly relevant to eating disorder (ED) treatment, given the expense of inpatient care and the scarcity of specialized providers.

Ultrafast Coherent Electron Transfer through Intermolecular Quantum Well States.

Molecular materials offer a boundless design palette for light absorption and charge transport in both natural photosynthesis and engineered photovoltaics. They function in combination as chromophores, donors, conductors, and acceptors, enabling the excitation and charge carrier transport through space and wire-like intramolecular pathways. Although quantum coherence is believed to enhance photoexcitation and photoinduced charge transfer, fluctuating and inhomogeneous environments accelerate decoherence.

Carbonization-derived Al@Carbon composite for efficient fluoride elimination: Structural modification, selective adsorption, and dual ligand exchange mechanism.

Currently, the availability of defluoridativel materials to simultaneously achieve the high adsorption capacity and selectivity in complex aquatic environments remains limited. To this end, we constructed an aluminum-carbon composite (Al@C) with a near-network/highly interconnected microporous structure via carbonizating Al-based metal-organic frameworks (Al-MOF), for the selective and efficient elimination of F in water environment. Results indicated that Al@C composite exhibited higher F adsorption capacity (985.

Creation of Independently Controllable and Long Lifetime Polar Skyrmion Textures in Ferroelectric-Metallic Heterostructures.

Topological textures like vortices, labyrinths, and skyrmions formed in ferroic materials have attracted extensive interest during the past decade for their fundamental physics, intriguing topology, and technological prospects. So far, polar skyrmions remain scarce in ferroelectrics as they require a delicate balance between various dipolar interactions. Here, it is reported that PbTiO thin films in a metallic contact undergo a topological phase transition and hold a broad family of skyrmion-like textures including Q = ±1 skyrmions, multiple π-twist target skyrmions, and skyrmion bags, with independent controllability, analogous to those reported in magnetic systems.

Fatal Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy in a 17-Year-Old Girl with COVID-19: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) is a severe and rapidly progressive form of encephalopathy predominantly observed in children following various systemic infections. Although rare, cases of ANE have been increasingly associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. This report details a fatal case of ANE in a 17-year-old girl diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), emphasizing the critical need for early diagnosis and prompt intervention to improve clinical outcomes.

Identification and Validation of an Explainable Prediction Model of Sepsis in Patients With Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening condition frequently observed in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) who are critically ill. Early and accurate identification and prediction of sepsis are crucial. Machine learning (ML)-based predictive models exhibit promising sepsis prediction capabilities in emergency settings.

Skyrmion nanodomains in ferroelectric-antiferroelectric solid solutions.

Polar skyrmions have demonstrated rich physics and exotic properties for developing novel functionalities. However, so far, skyrmion nanodomains exist only in a few material systems, such as ferroelectric/dielectric superlattices, free-standing PbTiO/SrTiO epitaxial bilayers and ultrathin Pb(Zr,Ti)O/SrTiO/Pb(Zr,Ti)O sandwiches. These heterostructures are fabricated with elaborately designed boundary conditions to meet the delicate energy balance for stabilizing topological phases.

Integrated genomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying hawthorn peel color and seed hardness diversity.

Hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida) fruit peel color and seed hardness are key traits that significantly impact economic value. We present here the high-quality chromosome-scale genomes of two cultivars, including the hard-seed, yellow-peel C. pinnatifida "Jinruyi" (JRY) and the soft-seed, red-peel C.

Expert guidance and partially-labeled data collaboration for multi-organ segmentation.

Abdominal multi-organ segmentation in computed tomography (CT) scans has exhibited successful applications in numerous real clinical scenarios. Nevertheless, prevailing methods for multi-organ segmentation often necessitate either a substantial volume of datasets derived from a single healthcare institution or the centralized storage of patient data obtained from diverse healthcare institutions. This prevailing approach significantly burdens data labeling and collection, thereby exacerbating the associated challenges.

Advances in carcinoembryonic antigen detection: a review of clinical applications and standardization.

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is among the earliest identified tumor markers and remains extensively utilized in the diagnosis and management of colorectal cancer. The detection of CEA presents considerable challenges in the field of analytical chemistry, given its complexity. The most prevalent detection approach is the immunoassay, including the chemiluminescence immunoassay commonly employed in clinical settings; however, discrepancies between various methods persist.

A review of progress in theoretical modeling of polarization dynamics in ferroelectric materials.

Ferroelectric materials are considered candidates for functional device application since their discovery in 1920. The functionality is realized by polarization evolution itself or the resulting effects. Studies on ferroelectrics have been going on over a century with a rough journey, because they have the excellent physical properties and also the fatal disadvantages for the device applications, where polarization microstructure and the dynamics are always the core issues.

Mindfulness-based interventions for binge eating: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have gained popularity in recent years in treating binge eating. Previous reviews and meta-analyses have found that MBIs demonstrated medium-large to large effects in reducing binge eating. However, as the literature on this topic has been growing rapidly, an updated review on MBIs' effectiveness is much needed.

Microstructural lateralization of thalamocortical connections in individuals with a history of reading difficulties.

Previous research has shown that the thalamus is crucial in reading, with its function depending largely on its connections with the cortex. However, the relationship between the lateralization of thalamocortical connections and reading has not been well-explored. This study investigates the microstructure and its lateralization differences in thalamocortical white matter fiber tracts in individuals with varying reading abilities and explores their relationship with reading skills and early reading performances.

Effect of metformin on the clinical outcomes of stroke in patients with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Stroke is a major cause of death and disability globally, especially among diabetic patients. In this study, we aim to scrutinise the effects of metformin on the clinical outcomes of stroke in diabetic patients.

Design: This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Association between serum glucose potassium ratio and mortality in critically ill patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.

The effect of serum glucose-to-potassium ratio (GPR) on cerebrovascular diseases has been previously validated. However, the value of the GPR in patients with severe intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) requiring ICU admission remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between the GPR and the clinical prognosis of critically ill patients with ICH.

Childhood abuse and risk of migraine: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Childhood abuse is associated with an increased risk of migraines. However, the literature on this association is limited.

Objective: To determine the pooled effect size of the association between childhood abuse and migraines.

Behavioral weight loss treatment for adults with binge-eating disorder: A qualitative analysis of patients' perspectives and experiences.

Objective: Understanding the perspectives of behavioral weight loss (BWL) participants could inform whether, how, and for whom BWL should be offered.

Method: All 126 participants in a clinical trial of BWL for adults with binge-eating disorder (BED) and overweight/obesity were contacted about a qualitative study. 45 participants, 11 of whom had dropped out of the parent study, completed qualitative interviews.

Absolute quantification methods for Prostate-Specific antigen by Isotope-Dilution mass spectrometry.

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a diagnostic marker for prostate cancer; however, because it is a macromolecular glycoprotein with complex and diverse isoforms, it is difficult to standardize clinical PSA detection results. To overcome this limitation, herein, naturally extracted PSA was characterized as free PSA (fPSA), and the PSA solution was successfully quantified by amino acid analysis coupled with isotope-dilution mass spectrometry (AAA-IDMS) and enzymatic hydrolysis-IDMS; the results could be traced to the International System of Units (SI) through absolutely quantified amino acids and peptides. After protein hydrolysis or digestion condition optimization, amino acids and signature peptides were detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with the multiple reaction monitoring mode.