Impact of carotid web orientation on long-term thrombus growth risk: A numerical study using fluid-solid interaction.

Background: Carotid web (CaW) is a rare fibromuscular dysplasia lesion at the carotid bifurcation linked to thromboembolic events in young patients. CaW-induced hemodynamic disturbances contribute to thrombosis, but the impact of CaW morphology on long-term thrombotic risk remains unclear.

Method: This study developed three-dimensional numerical models based on patient-specific carotid artery anatomy with CaW angles of 30°, 60°, and 90° (models A, B, and C).

Limosilactobacillus reuteri-butyrate axis in depression therapy: A key pathway discovered through a novel preclinical human flora-associated animal model.

The transition from preclinical to clinical drug development is critically impeded by interspecies disparities, which limit the predictive validity of preclinical efficacy for human outcomes. To address this limitation, we established a human flora-associated depression rat (HFADR) model through fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). The HFADR model bridges the preclinical-clinical translation by recapitulating conserved microbial-host interactions identified through multi-omics analysis in a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rat model and in patients with major depressive disorder.

Development and validation of a new yearning induction task: a cross-cultural study of Chinese and Swiss bereaved.

Yearning is a core symptom of prolonged grief disorder (PGD), typically manifesting as vivid counterfactual thoughts and bittersweet emotions. However, current self-report measures fail to capture the dynamic nature of yearning and are often compromised by social desirability bias. This highlights the critical need for accurate and objective tools to assess this complex emotional experience.

Efficient segmentation of intraoperative anatomical landmarks in laparoscopic cholecystectomy based on deep learning.

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard procedure for the treatment of benign gallbladder diseases, but there is the risk of intraoperative bile duct injury, which can lead to surgical failure and cause significant social and economic burden. When surgeons rely on visual inspection to identify tissue structures during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, subjective factors such as experience, psychological factors, and fatigue can compromise the intraoperative recognition of anatomic landmarks. The positioning of anatomical landmarks by the surgeon in the pre-dissection phase of laparoscopic cholecystectomy is relatively vague and requires step-by-step exploration as the surgery progresses, becoming clearer in the post-dissection phase.

Isolation and characterization of Pseudomonas sp. QX11 with high-efficiency aerobic denitrification for eutrophication control in aquaculture.

Eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems, primarily induced by the excessive accumulation of nitrogen compounds from aquaculture activities, poses significant environmental challenges. To address this issue through biological denitrification, a total of 17 strains with aerobic denitrification activity were isolated from river prawn pond using selective media. Among these isolates, strain QX11 exhibited the highest denitrification activity and was consequently selected for further investigation.

Association between the cardiometabolic index and mortality risk in US adults: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2018.

Background: Recently, studies have suggested the use of the cardiometabolic index (CMI) to reflect the risk of cardiometabolic disease. However, the association between the CMI and the risk of mortality remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to assess the associations between the CMI and the risk of mortality in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) population.

The bridge between anxiety and insomnia symptoms among Chinese adults before and after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: a network analysis.

Background: To explore the underlying mechanism and changes of anxiety and insomnia before and after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination, we conducted an online cross-sectional survey.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in two phases: the first phase was from May to June 2020 (before vaccination) and the second phase was from June to August 2021 (after vaccination). In total, 2245 participants were enrolled before vaccination, and 7207 participants were enrolled after vaccination.

The U shape relationship between glucose and potassium ratio and mortality in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage in the US population.

The prognostic value of the glucose-potassium ratio (GPR) in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) remains undetermined. We investigated the association between the GPR at admission and all-cause mortality (ACM) in critically ill patients with SAH. We identified critically ill patients with SAH from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care database and stratified them into quartiles based on the GPR levels at admission.

Malnutrition mediates the association between handgrip status and asthma risk: an observational and prospective cohort study from multiple European countries.

Background: Epidemiological investigations on the association of handgrip status and asthma risk still remain understudied. This research aims to investigate the associations of handgrip strength (HGS), relative handgrip strength (RHGS), low HGS, and asthma risk, as well as the mediating role of nutritional status, using data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE).

Method: This investigation included 27,185 participants for a cross-sectional study and 18,047 participants for a prospective cohort study from SHARE.

Involvement of the lateral habenula in the processing of methamphetamine withdrawal-induced anxiety-like behaviors.

Anxiety disorders, commonly observed during methamphetamine (METH) withdrawal, are important negative reinforcement factors that contribute to relapse.The lateral habenula (LHb) serves as a negative reinforcement center, however its role in METH withdrawal-induced anxiety remains unclear. Here, we used the open field test (OFT) and elevated plus maze (EPM) to assess anxiety-like behaviors in METH-withdrawn male mice, combined with c-Fos immunofluorescence and chemogenetics approach.

Phylogeographic history of (Vitaceae) in North America based on chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequences.

Knowledge of historical distribution and postglacial phylogeographic evolution of plants is important for better understanding their current distribution, population structure and potential fate in the future. Surprisingly, little is known about the post-glacial recolonization history of lianas that are widely distributed in the deciduous or mixed deciduous-evergreen forests in North America. Here, we conducted a phylogeographic study on 47 populations with 398 individuals from the North American using both chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequences data.

The predictive value of multiple urinary metals in evaluating death risk in asthmatic individuals: a prospective cohort study.

There is very limited epidemiological research available to verify how metal exposure impacts the prognosis of individuals with asthma. This study aimed to investigate the value of multiple urinary metals in assessing the prognosis of asthma patients by utilizing data from NHANES and constructing the predictive models. This study employed Cox regression models, survival 3D interaction plots, and survival curves to examine the associations between urinary metals and the outcomes among asthmatic patients.

Vagus nerve stimulation inhibits pyroptosis and improves outcome of cerebral ischemic stroke by upregulating osteopontin (SPP1) to disturb ASC oligomerization.

Background: Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) brings new hope for handling stroke. Our previous study confirmed that VNS could reduce neuronal pyroptosis and improve stroke prognosis. However, how VNS suppresses pyroptosis remains poorly understood.

A finite element study for tibial fractures: analyze the biomechanical condition of the tibial fracture area to provide guidance for subsequent treatment.

Introduction: Distal tibial fractures are common fracture sites and usually require surgical treatment to achieve anatomical reduction. Intramedullary nails (IMN) are widely used in orthopedics for stabilizing fractured bones and treating limb deformities. The process of postoperative bone healing is of great significance for patient rehabilitation and can guide subsequent treatment methods.

Label efficient phenotyping for Long COVID using electronic health records.

Long COVID poses a significant disease burden globally, but its heterogeneous presentation and unreliable coding practices render it difficult to study. Developing efficient phenotyping algorithms is crucial to enabling risk prediction and effective management of Long COVID. We introduce the LAbel-efficienT Long COVID pHenotyping (LATCH) algorithm, which synthesizes a small number of gold-standard labels and a large, unlabeled dataset with many electronic health record (EHR) features.

Genetically predicted blood metabolites mediate the association between immune cell characteristics and urolithiasis: A Mendelian randomization study and mediation analysis.

Urolithiasis, a disease characterized by the formation of urinary stones, is influenced by immune system dysregulation and metabolic factors. This study investigated the interplay between specific immune cell characteristics and blood metabolites in urolithiasis based on Mendelian randomization. We further explored the potential mediating effects of genetically predicted blood metabolites based on mediation analysis.

A highly generalized federated learning algorithm for brain tumor segmentation.

Brain image segmentation plays a pivotal role in modern healthcare by enabling precise diagnosis and treatment planning. Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across institutions while safeguarding sensitive patient data. The integration of these technologies holds significant potential for advancing artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare.

Gut microbiota-bile acid crosstalk contributes to calcium oxalate nephropathy through Hsp90α-mediated ferroptosis.

The gut microbiota and its metabolites have been implicated in calcium oxalate (CaOx) nephrolithiasis, while the precise mechanism remains unclear. We report that the gut microbiota dysbiosis in patients with CaOx nephrolithiasis results in an elevated level of deoxycholic acid (DCA) and diminished presence of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. DCA correlates positively with urinary oxalate excretion and stone burden and inversely with F.

Ancient polyploidization events influence the evolution of the ginseng family (Araliaceae).

Introduction: Whole genome duplication events (WGDs) have been recognized as major drivers of evolution in plants, especially when they involve hybridization (allopolyploidization). In this study we evaluated if WGDs acted as evolutionary forces at the origin and early divergence of the Asian Palmate group (AsPG) of the plant family Araliaceae. This clade encompasses most of the generic and species diversity as well as most of the polyploids of the family, and a role of hybridization in its origin has been suggested.

Association between heavy metal exposure and chronic cough: the mediating roles of inflammation.

Background: Right now, epidemiological research examining the connection between blood heavy metal exposure and chronic coughing is still deficient. Therefore, the survey was aimed at the effects of multiple heavy metals on chronic cough.

Method: In this investigation, 2647 individuals from NHANES were included.

Phylogeny of the species-rich pantropical genus Zanthoxylum (Rutaceae) based on hybrid capture.

Pantropical regions possess the highest biodiversity on earth yet detailed systematic studies involving pantropical genera often pose significant challenges due to the extensive need for intercontinental sampling. Zanthoxylum, a genus comprising 225 species within the family Rutaceae, provides an excellent model for such studies due to its distribution on most continents and tropical archipelagos. Despite the genus' economic significance, no phylogenetic study with a comprehensive taxon sampling has been conducted.

hUC-MSC-derived extracellular vesicles protect lung tissue from cigarette smoke-induced injury by upregulating the METTL3-mediated mA modification.

Cigarette smoking is the major cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a prevalent and incurable lung disease. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (hUC-MSC-EVs) exhibit therapeutic potential in treating COPD. However, the precise mechanism underlying their beneficial effects in lung epithelial cells exposed to cigarette smoke remains incompletely understood.

Phylogenomic insights into historical biogeography and species delimitation of African Ampelocissus (Vitaceae).

Ampelocissus Planch. (Vitaceae) comprises c. 95 currently recognized species that are distributed across tropical and subtropical regions in Asia, Australia, continental Africa, Madagascar, and Central America.

Phylogenomic analyses support a new subgenus, , of the grape genus from Mexico.

Despite the tremendous economic significance of grapes, the systematics of the grape genus remains understudied. Based on recent fieldwork, phylogenomic analyses using both nuclear and plastid genomes, as well as morphological comparisons, we report a new grape subgenus, , endemic to Mexico. The new subgenus constitutes a clade that diverged early in the evolutionary history of , yet there is cytonuclear discordance in its position, suggesting hybridization is a likely mechanism in its origin.