Highly efficient all-perovskite photovoltaic-powered battery with dual-function viologen for portable electronics.

Photovoltaic-powered batteries offer a promising integrated solution for sustainable energy in portable electronics, yet conventional designs face challenges in integration, miniaturization, and flexibility. We address this through a dual-functional, material-sharing strategy using ethyl viologen diiodide to achieve synergistic performance enhancement in photovoltaic-powered batteries. The ethyl viologen diiodide-modified perovskite solar cells exhibit 26.

STAT1β modulates the tumor immune microenvironment to improve prognosis in ovarian cancer: a comprehensive study of transcriptional and protein expression differences.

Objectives: As a central regulator of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, STAT1 generates functionally distinct α and β protein isoforms through alternative splicing. We systematically investigated the expression patterns and prognostic relevance of STAT1 isoform-specific transcripts across pan-cancer tissues, with a particular focus on ovarian cancer (OV), and elucidated their potential mechanisms in modulating the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) to influence patient prognosis.

Methods: Integrated analysis of the GTEx and TCGA databases was conducted to systematically evaluate the transcript expression profiles of STAT1 isoforms across 32 cancer types and 29 normal tissues.

Applications of DNA-based nanostructures in immunotherapy.

DNA, as a carrier of genetic information, has further been efficiently utilized as a foundational element in creating diverse nanostructures of different shapes and sizes through precise base pairing. With spatial addressability, structural programmability, and remarkable biocompatibility, self-assembled DNA-based nanostructures have been broadly applied in various biomedical research areas, such as bio-imaging, disease diagnosis, and drug delivery. Of particular note, immunotherapy, known for its outstanding therapeutic efficacy, has garnered much attention.

UPLC-Q/TOF-MS-Based Serum Metabolomics Reveals the Potential Antihyperglycemic Mechanisms of Polygonatum sibiricum in KK/Upj-A Type 2 Diabetic Mice.

Polygonatum sibiricum (PS) is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb used as both food and medicinal material. PS is reportedly significantly effective in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in clinic. However, its pharmacological mechanism and endogenous antihyperglycemic markers remain unknown.

Automatic Image Processing-Assisted Ratiometric Afterglow Sensor Array for the Discrimination and Detection of Fluoroquinolones Enabled by a Universal Host-Guest Strategy.

Simultaneous detection and discrimination of fluoroquinolone (FQ) subtypes are crucial yet challenging due to their high similarity in molecular structure and optical properties. In this work, we propose a ratiometric afterglow sensor array for the visual detection and discrimination of five FQ subtypes via a universal host-guest doping strategy. Boric acid was used as a universal host to boost the afterglow emission intensities of blue emissive FQs, green emissive 1-naphthaleneboronic acid, and red emissive 1-pyrenylboronic acid by creating a rigid matrix and cross-linked networks.

Nonconventional Luminescence of Halogenated Silanes: Mechanistic Insight.

In this study, the luminescence properties and emission mechanisms of five halogenated silanes, hexamethyldisiloxane (HT), chloromethylsilane (CT), iodomethylsilane (IT), chlorosilane (CS), and 1,1,2,2-perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane (FS) are systematically investigated. The effects of halogen type, substitution position, and temperature on luminescence efficiency, Stokes shift, and phosphorescence lifetime are elucidated through fluorescence, phosphorescence analysis, and theoretical calculations (at room temperature and 77 K). The results revealed that CS exhibits excellent fluorescence emission at 365 nm and significantly prolonged low-temperature phosphorescence lifetime due to its reduced nonradiative transitions and minimized excited-state energy dissipation.

Realization of Kagome Kondo lattice.

The Kondo lattice, describing a grid of the local magnetic moments coupling to itinerant electrons, is a fertile ground of strongly correlated states in condensed matter physics. While the Kagome lattice has long been predicted to host Kondo physics with exotic magnetism and nontrivial topology, no experimental realization has been achieved to the best of our knowledge. Here, we report the discovery of CsCrSb, a van der Waals-like Kagome Kondo lattice featuring extremely flat, isolated bands at the Fermi level that composed entirely of Cr-3d electrons.

Modulation of Single Photon Emission from Suspended 1L WSe under Electrostatically Induced Strain.

Tungsten diselenide (WSe) monolayers under strain are promising hosts for quantum emitters. To date, WSe quantum emitter strain engineering has focused primarily on draping WSe monolayers on patterned substrates and nanoindentation, which suffer from poor control over strain. In this work, we employ an electrostatic approach to dynamically control tensile strain in monolayer WSe suspended over micron-scale cavities with a back gate contact.

Effects of Biological Characteristics and Environmental Factors on Swimming Performance of Endemic Fish in Southwest China.

Swimming is crucial to fish survival and reproduction, and is usually influenced by species, morphology, habitat environment and physiological condition. Understanding the changes in fish swimming ability and identifying the driving factors behind these changes is vital. In this study, seven endemic fish species from the Qingshui River, an important tributary of the upper Pearl River in Southwest China, were used to explore the effects of biological and environmental factors on fish swimming ability.

A framework for impact analysis of small hydropower on river ecological integrity.

Under the pressure of small hydropower development, the ecological integrity of small- and medium-sized rivers in mountainous regions has deteriorated, hindering the normal functioning of mountain ecosystem processes and diminishing the value of ecosystem services. Government agencies and environmental organizations worldwide have enacted legislation and guidelines aimed at assessing the integrity of river ecosystems. However, the mechanisms for maintaining river ecological integrity across different disciplines remain unclear, and there is a lack of analytical frameworks for the quantitative assessment of small hydropower impacts on river ecosystems.

Ultrafast Coherent Electron Transfer through Intermolecular Quantum Well States.

Molecular materials offer a boundless design palette for light absorption and charge transport in both natural photosynthesis and engineered photovoltaics. They function in combination as chromophores, donors, conductors, and acceptors, enabling the excitation and charge carrier transport through space and wire-like intramolecular pathways. Although quantum coherence is believed to enhance photoexcitation and photoinduced charge transfer, fluctuating and inhomogeneous environments accelerate decoherence.

Unveiling the Role of Cathepsins on Lung Function in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis.

Background: Cathepsins are a group of proteases that can degrade the extracellular matrix of the lungs, leading to lung tissue destruction and remodeling in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the causal relationship between cathepsins and COPD remains unclear.

Methods: We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using genetic instruments for nine cathepsins (B, E, F, G, H, L2, O, S, and Z) and lung function measures (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, and PEF) in COPD.

Protective effects of Thymus daenensis inhalation on ventilator-associated pneumonia.

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) continues to pose a substantial challenge in intensive care units, contributing to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. This review article explores the potential protective effects of Thymus daenensis inhalation in the treatment of VAP, with a focus on its key bioactive metabolites, thymol and carvacrol. These compounds exhibit broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties, making them promising candidates for managing not only VAP but also bacterial and fungal infections, asthma, and tuberculosis.

Investigating interspecific mating in the thelytokous predatory mite Amblyseius herbicolus (Chant) (Acari: Phytoseiidae), with comparative observations from three sexually reproducing phytoseiid species.

Asexual reproduction can be advantageous in the short term but is generally considered an evolutionary dead end due to the lack of genetic diversity and the accumulation of deleterious mutations. The thelytokous predatory mite Amblyseius herbicolus (Chant) (Acari: Mesostigmata) shows potential for biological pest control, but its reproductive mechanism remains poorly understood. This study examined whether A.

Gastrointestinal development and tight junctions of preweaned calves supplemented with sodium butyrate in the starter mixture and whole milk.

The effects of sodium butyrate (SB) supplementation in whole milk (WM), and/or a starter mixture (SM) on the growth performance, selected blood parameters, gastrointestinal tract (GIT) development, and tight junction (TJ) proteins of the gastrointestinal tract in preweaned calves were determined. Eighty calves, averaging of 3 (± 0.74) d old, were randomly allocated into 1 of 4 groups (n = 20 per group) and were fed (1) WM and SM without SB (control group); (2) SM supplemented with SB (0.

Design and Synthesis of O-Dialkylaminoalkyl Substituted Urolithin Derivatives: DNA Topoisomerase IIα Inhibition With Promising Antiproliferative Activity.

Based on the pharmacophore structural characteristics of topoisomerase II (TopoII) inhibitors: (i) planar polyaromatic skeleton; (ii) the cation core; (iii) a groove-binding side chain moiety, 16 urolithin derivatives with O-dialkylaminoalkyl substitutions were designed and synthesized. Most of the synthesized compounds showed improved TopoIIα inhibitory and antiproliferative activities. 20 with the best TopoIIα inhibitory activity also exhibited excellent antiproliferative activity with IC values of 0.

Clustering-Triggered Emission of Carboxymethyl β-Cyclodextrin Powder and Tablet.

Nonconventional luminogens have great potential applications in fields like cell imaging and anti-counterfeiting encryption. But so far, the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of most these solids is still relatively low and the persistent room-temperature phosphorescence (p-RTP) emission is relatively weak. To improve their PLQY and p-RTP, pressing the powder into tablets is preliminarily proven to be an effective method, but the specific mechanism has not been fully elucidated yet.

Prevalence of Multiple Chronic Conditions Among Adults in the Research Program: Exploratory Analysis.

Background: The growing prevalence of multiple chronic conditions (MCC) has significant impacts on health care systems and quality of life. Understanding the prevalence of MCC throughout adulthood offers valuable insights into the evolving burden of chronic diseases and provides strategies for more effective health care outcomes.

Objective: This study estimated the prevalence and combinations of MCC among adult participants enrolled in the All of Us (AoU) Research Program, especially studying the variations across age categories.

Ultrafast energizing the parity-forbidden dark exciton in black phosphorus.

As conventional electronic materials approach their physical limits, the application of ultrafast optical fields to access transient states of matter captures imagination. The inversion symmetry governs the optical parity selection rule, differentiating between accessible and inaccessible states of matter. To circumvent parity-forbidden transitions, the common practice is to break the inversion symmetry by material design or external fields.

Efficient degradation of soil polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by the nZVI/HO/OA system: The key role of oxalic acid.

Soil contamination with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is severe, and their high biotoxicity and recalcitrance made effective remediation challenging. The heterogeneous Fenton process utilizing nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) has been recognized as a promising technology for organic pollutant removal in various remediation media (e.g.

Exploring the In Vivo Fate of β-1, 3/1, 6-Glucan Using Quantitative Tandem Mass Spectrometry Based on a Structure-Specific Fragment.

β-glucan, a promising drug candidate for immuno-antitumor therapy, holds tremendous potential for clinical applications. However, the absence of highly sensitive quantitative methods for polysaccharides, attributed to their complicated chemical structures and susceptibility to endogenous interference, has posed significant challenges for their clinical development. Here, we report a highly sensitive and reliable analytical strategy for quantifying β-1, 3/1, 6-glucan derived from (BG136) in various biological matrices.

In Vitro Digestion and Gut Microbiota Fermentation of the Anticancer Marine Drug BG136: Stability and Biotransformation Investigation.

BG136, a β-1,3/1,6-glucan derived from , is an injectable anticancer drug and has entered Phase II clinical trials. Rational oral formulation design is a pivotal focus for our future drug development research; therefore, elucidating the gastrointestinal fate of BG136 becomes imperative. This study investigated the stability and biotransformation of BG136 via in vitro digestion and gut microbiota fermentation.

Aged microplastics-induced growth inhibition via DNA damage, GH/IGF-1 and HPT axes disruption in zebrafish larvae.

The escalating use of microplastics (MPs) has led to the widespread exposure of aquatic organisms. The associated toxicities of MPs may be influenced by photoaging. However, the toxicity of aged MPs at environmentally relevant concentrations to aquatic organisms remains unclear.

Composition, Distribution and Mobility Potential of the Antibiotic Resistome in Sediments from the East China Sea Revealed by Metagenomic Analysis.

Marine sediments are recognized as crucial reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). However, the antibiotic resistome in sediments of the East China Sea, an area heavily impacted by human activities, has not been thoroughly studied. Here, we conducted a systematic investigation into the antibiotic resistome in these sediments using metagenomic analysis.

Hippocampus- and neocortex-specific deletion of Aeg-1 causes learning memory impairment and depression in mice.

Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) has been characterized as an oncogene promoting the progression of various tumors. The role of AEG-1 in neurological diseases was highlighted by recent researches. However, the physiological function of AEG-1 remains elusive.