Mesuaferroic acid H suppresses HepG2 cell proliferation by disrupting iron homeostasis via transferrin targeting.

Mesua ferrea L., a medicinal plant widely utilized in traditional Chinese and South Asia medicine, demonstrates diverse pharmacological activities, with particularly notable anti-cancer properties. However, the specific bioactive constituents responsible for these effects and their underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Social and environmental determinants of disease uncertainty in obstructive sleep apnea: a dyadic qualitative study on patients and co-residents.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent sleep disorder characterized by upper airway obstruction during sleep, leading to significant health issues and reduced quality of life. Despite its increasing prevalence, particularly among middle-aged and older adults, low awareness and treatment rates contribute to a substantial burden of disease uncertainty for both patients and their co-residents. This study aims to investigate the social and environmental determinants of disease uncertainty experienced by OSA patients and their co-residents, focusing on the impact of these factors on health behaviors and access to care.

Single-cell transcriptomic landscape of sciatic nerve after transection injury.

Peripheral nerve injuries, particularly those affecting the sciatic nerve, often result in incomplete functional recovery due to the limited regenerative capacity of adult peripheral nerves. To elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying nerve regeneration, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on rat sciatic nerve tissues at seven time points (Days 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14) following transection injury. Through unsupervised clustering, we identified four major cellular compartments-neurofibroblasts (NFs), glial cells (Glis), immune cells, and vascular cells-and delineated their dynamic trajectories during regeneration.

Identification of yield-related QTLs and their applications using DH population in maize.

Background: Kernel row number (KRN) and ear length (EL) are key traits that contributes greatly to grain yield in maize (Zea mays L.). Although some quantitative trait loci (QTL) for KRN or EL have been identified, few have been effectively utilized in breeding.

In vitro biomimetic models for respiratory diseases: progress in lung organoids and lung-on-a-chip.

Respiratory diseases pose a growing global public health challenge due to their rising incidence and mortality. Conventional cellular and animal models fall short in replicating the complex three-dimensional (3D) microenvironments of the lung and are limited by species differences, restricting their clinical relevance. Emerging technologies, such as lung organoids (LOs) and lung-on-a-chip (LOC), combine stem cell differentiation, microfluidic systems, and biomechanical cues to create advanced in vitro models that address these limitations.

The Evolving Role of Anti-Müllerian Hormone Measurements in Clinical Practice.

Background: Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), a glycoprotein belonging to the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily, plays a pivotal role in reproductive physiology. Initially recognized for its function in male sexual differentiation, AMH has since emerged as a key biomarker with broad clinical applications in both endocrinology and oncology. As research continues to elucidate the physiological roles of AMH, its clinical utility is expanding, necessitating careful assay selection, integration with complementary diagnostic markers, and context-specific interpretation.

Unraveling the immune mechanisms and therapeutic targets in lung adenosquamous transformation.

Adenocarcinoma-to-squamous cell carcinoma transformation (AST) induces drug resistance in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), often resulting in unfavorable clinical outcomes. In recent years, it has been found that alterations in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) during adenosquamous carcinoma trans-differentiation also influence the efficacy of immunotherapy. Moreover, the aberrant expression and activation of several driver genes for AST lead to abnormal infiltration and function of immune cell by remodeling the cellular inflammatory phenotype.

Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein as a Potential Target for Enhancing Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Microsatellite-Stable Colorectal Cancer.

Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) exhibits differential expression in microsatellite-stable (MSS) and microsatellite instability-high (MSI) colorectal cancer (CRC), highlighting its potential therapeutic role in immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) resistance in MSS CRC. Elevated oxLDL levels in MSS CRC contribute to tumor progression and diminish ICI efficacy by modulating metabolic reprogramming and immunosuppressive mechanisms within the tumor microenvironment (TME) by activating receptors such as LOX-1 and CD36. oxLDL triggers signaling pathways, including NF-κB, PI3K/Akt, and MAPK, leading to the expansion of immunosuppressive cells like regulatory T cells (Tregs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and M2 macrophages, while concurrently suppressing effector T cell functions.

MTA-Cooperative PRMT5 Inhibitors are Efficacious in MTAP-Deleted Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Models.

Purpose: Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) are highly aggressive sarcomas with poor prognosis. The enzyme methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) is lost in ~25-50% of MPNST, which is associated with loss of the tumor suppressor gene, CDKN2A. Inhibition of PRMT5 was found to be synthetically lethal in cells with MTAP loss due to accumulation of the substrate methylthioadenosine (MTA), an endogenous PRMT5 inhibitor.

Effects of transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement on hepatic and renal function in severe TR.

Objectives: This study evaluated the impact of transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement (TTVR) on renal and hepatic function in patients with severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR).

Background: TR is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and heart failure-related hospitalizations. Venous congestion and reduced forward stroke volume can compromise hepatic and renal function.

FOXM1 Protects Against Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rodent and Porcine Models by Suppressing MKRN1-Dependent LKB1 Ubiquitination.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is related to etiopathogenesis and progression of heart failure (HF). The underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Transcription factor FOXM1 plays an essential role in cardiovascular development.

Sugemalimab versus placebo, in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy, as first-line treatment of metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (GEMSTONE-302): 4-year outcomes from a double-blind, randomised, phase 3 trial.

Background: GEMSTONE-302 was a phase 3 trial in patients with treatment-naive metastatic squamous or non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), showed significant improvement in progression-free survival and overall survival with sugemalimab, a PD-L1 inhibitor, plus chemotherapy versus placebo plus chemotherapy. We report the 4-year outcomes from this study.

Methods: This randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial was conducted across 35 hospitals and academic research centres in China.

A natural thiophene from Eclipta prostrata (L.) combats obesity by enhancing adipocytes thermogenesis in high-fat diet-fed obese mice.

The rising global prevalence of obesity has become a serious public health concern. Recent studies have revealed that natural products derived from medicinal plants can activate adipocytes thermogenesis, presenting promising therapeutic strategies for obesity management. Eclipta prostrata (L.

Overlooked Trigger of Migraine: Clinical Significance of Small- and Medium-Shunt Patent Foramen Ovale.

Introduction: Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a prevalent congenital heart malformation closely linked with migraine. The effect of PFO size on migraine remains controversial.

Methods: This study analyzed migraine patients who underwent PFO closure at our institution from January 2020 through December 2022.

ARID1A deficiency attenuates the response to EGFR-TKI treatment in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Concurrent genetic alterations (e.g., TP53 comutations) significantly impair EGFR-TKI responsiveness and survival outcomes in EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

Physiological Response of Blanco var. Gonggan Seedlings to High-Temperature Stress.

The physiological and biochemical responses of Blanco var. Gonggan (Gonggan) to high-temperature stress were explored in the present study, offering valuable insights into the growth of this plant in elevated temperature scenarios. Plants were exposed to daytime temperatures of 22 °C, 40 °C, and 45 °C, with corresponding nighttime temperatures of 17 °C, 35 °C, and 40 °C, respectively.

Design and Synthesis of O-Dialkylaminoalkyl Substituted Urolithin Derivatives: DNA Topoisomerase IIα Inhibition With Promising Antiproliferative Activity.

Based on the pharmacophore structural characteristics of topoisomerase II (TopoII) inhibitors: (i) planar polyaromatic skeleton; (ii) the cation core; (iii) a groove-binding side chain moiety, 16 urolithin derivatives with O-dialkylaminoalkyl substitutions were designed and synthesized. Most of the synthesized compounds showed improved TopoIIα inhibitory and antiproliferative activities. 20 with the best TopoIIα inhibitory activity also exhibited excellent antiproliferative activity with IC values of 0.

Spatiotemporal Trends in the Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Across China: A Multilevel Meta-Analysis Incorporating Geographic and Demographic Stratification (2000-2024).

Purpose: China bears the highest global burden of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), yet its spatiotemporal and occupational patterns remain unclear. We quantified OSA prevalence across Chinese subpopulations, focusing on geographic disparities, temporal trends, and occupational risks.

Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched six databases (2000-2024) for population-based OSA studies using polysomnography or validated portable monitoring.

Incorporating zinc coordination driven nanozyme into chitosan and hyaluronic acid based nanoplatform for scavenging HS/ROS in managing inflammatory bowel disease.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) causes damage to patients, and therapy remains a crucial challenge owing to the presence of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hydrogen sulfide (HS) in colonic inflammatory circulation. Herein, we report a shikonin (SK) and zinc (Zn) driven coordination nanozyme (SK-Zn, S-Z), which effectively scavenged ROS and HS. Furthermore, a pH responsive targeted polymer nanoplatform (S-Z@ChF), consisting of S-Z, chitosan, hyaluronic acid and poly ferulic acid, was developed for the oral treatment of colitis.

QTL mapping and multi-omics identify candidate genes for protein and oil in soybean.

QTL mapping, BSA-seq, and RNA-seq revealed key QTL/genes of protein and oil, some of which were aligned with previous QTLs. EMS-mutations and SoyGVD were applied to validate function of candidate genes. Protein and oil are the two principal economic components of soybean seed.

Risk factors and predictive models for post-operative moderate-to-severe mitral regurgitation following transcatheter aortic valve replacement: a machine learning approach.

Background: Post-operative moderate-to-severe mitral regurgitation (MR) following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is associated with poor outcomes, yet the factors contributing to this complication are not well understood. This study aimed to identify risk factors and develop predictive models for post-operative MR following TAVR using machine learning (ML) techniques to enhance early detection and intervention.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from patients who underwent TAVR at our center between August 2014 and August 2023.