Modification of starch traits in commercial wheat through TaWaxy gene editing.

Amylose content (AC) is a key determinant of wheat quality, and the TaWaxy gene determined amylose synthesis with a dose-dependent effect on AC. In this study, the TaWOX5 gene, which significantly enhances wheat transformation efficiency, was combined with CRISPR/SpCas9 system to generate TaWaxy mutants in a commercial winter wheat Jimai 22. Seven transgene-free mutant types were produced, compared to only three transgene-free mutants in the spring wheat variety Ningchun 4.

DISCO: A DIFFUSION MODEL FOR SPATIAL TRANSCRIPTOMICS DATA COMPLETION.

Spatial transcriptomics enables the study of gene expression within the spatial context of tissues, offering valuable insights into tissue organization and function. However, technical limitations can result in large missing regions of data, which hinder accurate downstream analyses and biological interpretation. To address these challenges, we propose (ffusion model for patial transcriptomics data mpletion), a framework with three key features.

[Immune function regulation and tumor-suppressive effects of Shenqi Erpi Granules on S_(180) tumor-bearing mice].

This study aims to establish the S_(180) tumor-bearing mice model, and to investigate the influence of Shenqi Erpi Granules(SQEPG) on immune function, as well as the drug's tumor-suppressive effect and mechanism. SPF grade KM mice(half male and half female) were randomly divided into 6 groups: a control group, a model group, a cyclophosphamide group(50 mg·kg~(-1)), as well as SQEPG groups in low-, medium-, and high-dose(5.25, 10.

MovieChat+: Question-aware Sparse Memory for Long Video Question Answering.

Recently, integrating video foundation models and large language models to build a video understanding system can overcome the limitations of specific vision tasks. Yet, existing methods either employ complex spatial-temporal modules or rely heavily on additional perception models to extract temporal features for video understanding, performing well only on short videos. For long videos, the computational complexity and memory costs associated with long-term temporal connections are significantly increased, posing additional challenges.

Population structure and dynamics of plantation in Zhuzhou Island of Doumen, Zhuhai.

, a monotypic relict tree species endemic to China, has extremely sparse populations in the wild. The world's largest natural forest is distributed in the Zhuzhou Island Forest Nature Reserve, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province. However, artificial plantations of currently exhibit significant decline.

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals different cellular states in malignant cells and the tumor microenvironment in primary and metastatic ER-positive breast cancer.

Metastatic breast cancer remains largely incurable, and the mechanisms driving the transition from primary to metastatic breast cancer remain elusive. We analyzed the complex landscape of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer primary and metastatic tumors using scRNA-seq data from twenty-three female patients with either primary or metastatic disease. By employing single-cell transcriptional profiling of unpaired patient samples, we sought to elucidate the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying changes in the metastatic tumor ecosystem.

Inhibition of Atg13-mediated autophagy enhances the anti-osteoclastogenic effect of sirolimus by counteracting its pro-autophagic activity.

Sirolimus can inhibit osteoclastogenesis. But sirolimus-activated autophagy is a favorable factor for osteoclastogenesis. This study aimed to explore the significance of autophagy in sirolimus-regulated osteoclastogenesis.

WGGLFA: Wavelet-Guided Global-Local Feature Aggregation Network for Facial Expression Recognition.

Facial expression plays an important role in human-computer interaction and affective computing. However, existing expression recognition methods cannot effectively capture multi-scale structural details contained in facial expressions, leading to a decline in recognition accuracy. Inspired by the multi-scale processing mechanism of the biological visual system, this paper proposes a wavelet-guided global-local feature aggregation network (WGGLFA) for facial expression recognition (FER).

Alcoholic liver disease: Mechanistic insights and therapeutic potential of traditional Chinese medicine through preclinical and clinical evidence.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), a chronic liver injury induced by prolonged alcohol consumption, involves intricate multi-organ interactions, such as gut-liver axis disruption, as well as the synergistic effects of multiple factors including oxidative stress, intestinal dysbiosis, and metabolic disturbances. These complex pathological mechanisms render single-target therapies largely ineffective in achieving desirable therapeutic outcomes. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), characterized by its multi-target mechanisms and low toxicity, has demonstrated unique advantages in the treatment of ALD in the past decades.

Single brand tire wear particles promote toxin-producing of an invasive cyanobacterium.

Tire wear particles (TWPs), as newly emerging pollutants, frequently co-occur with potentially toxic cyanobacteria in eutrophic waters. However, it is unknown how these new pollutants affect ecology of mass bloom-forming cyanobacteria. Here, we compared single brand and mixed brand TWPs how to affect the invasive and toxic cyanobacterium Raphidiopsis raciborskii.

Mitochondria-Targeted Cassic Acid Base Nanoprodrug for Enhanced Anti-Inflammatory and Osteogenic Effects in Osteoarthritis.

CATPCS prodrug-based nanodrug delivery system (PNDDS), a mitochondria-targeted nanoprodrug combining Cassic acid (CA) with a PEG-modified chitosan-tripolyphosphate (TPP) molecule (CATPCS), overcomes the limitations of free Cassic acid in treating osteoarthritis (OA) and bone regeneration. FTIR and DLS confirm that lyophilized CATPCS self-assembles into stable, homogeneous spherical nanoparticles (230.8 ± 45.

Lipid accumulation in nitrogen and phosphorus-limited yeast is caused by less growth-related dilution.

Oleaginous yeasts are used commercially to produce oleochemicals and hold potential also for biodiesel production. In response to nitrogen or phosphorous limitation, oleaginous yeasts accumulate lipids in the form of triacylglycerols. Previous work has investigated potential mechanisms by which nutrient limitation induces lipid biosynthesis without verifying whether lipid biosynthesis flux is actually enhanced.

Risk factors for bloodstream infection and predictors of prognosis in rectal carriers of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Background: The mortality rate of secondary bloodstream infection (BSI) derived from the intestinal colonization of carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) is extremely high. This investigation aimed at clarifying the risk factors and prognosis of BSIs resulting from the initial colonisation of CRKP.

Methods: In this retrospective, cross-sectional study, we analyzed the clinical data of 167 patients with CRKP colonization who received active screening during hospitalization at Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital from January 2019 to December 2021.

Strengthening Mechanism of Al/Ni Multilayers with Negative Enthalpy of Mixing.

The interface strengthening effect in nanoscale metallic multilayers is influenced by the enthalpy of mixing, which governs the chemical distribution and interface microstructure. In this study, Al/Ni multilayers were fabricated by magnetron sputter deposition, exhibiting an ultrahigh peak hardness of 9.5 GPa─the highest reported for face-centered cubic multilayer systems.

Removable brace as a viable alternative to cast immobilization for ankle fractures-a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Recent years have seen continuous debate over the preferred method of immobilization for ankle fractures, especially between removable braces and cast immobilization. To address this, we conducted a meta-analysis of prospective randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to compare the two approaches and assess the feasibility of using a removable brace as an alternative to cast immobilization.

Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science were last searched on January 18, 2025, to identify comparative studies evaluating removable braces vs.

Adipocyte RNA-binding protein CELF1 promotes beiging of white fat through stabilizing Dio2 mRNA.

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) regulate diverse post-transcriptional processes and play roles in adipocyte development; however, their role in white fat beiging remains unclear. Here we identify CUG-BP Elav-like family member 1 (CELF1) as a key RBP promoting beiging of inguinal white adipose tissue in response to cold. Adipocyte-specific Celf1 deficiency impairs cold-induced thermogenic gene expression and reduces energy expenditure.

Downregulation of NCOA4 expression indicates poor prognosis and promotes the progression of cholangiocarcinoma.

The aim of this study was to investigate how the cholangiocarcinoma cell lines RBE and HCCC-9810 responded to NCOA4 downregulation in terms of proliferation, migration and invasive.First,we analyzed the differential expression and survival prognosis of the NCOA4 gene using a bioinformatic approach,as well as validation using clinical samples.Next,cholangiocarcinoma cells were cultured and the NCOA4 gene was down-regulated with siRNA,and then NCOA4 and GPX4 expression was detected using qPCR and Western blot.

Short-term prognosis of patients in different stages of severe tricuspid regurgitation after transcatheter tricuspid-valve replacement.

Background: The tricuspid regurgitation (TR) syndrome, based on the extent of cardiac and extracardiac involvement, is a newly proposed staging method to evaluate the progression of TR. This study aimed to explore cardiac structural characteristics and the short-term prognosis after transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement (TTVR) in patients at different stages.

Methods: A post-hoc analysis of patients enrolled in the first-in-man and confirmatory study and an investigator-initiated trial of the LuX-Valve Plus system was conducted.

Rapid detection of plasma exosomal LncRNA CASC9 for HCC using RT-RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a assay.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Early detection is essential for improving patient outcomes. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in plasma exosomes have emerged as promising non-invasive biomarkers.

Relative Bioavailability of Single-Dose Oral Administration of Two SHR7280 Formulations (Dry Suspension and Tablets) in Healthy Chinese Volunteers.

Background: SHR7280 is an oral small-molecule gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist that can be developed as therapeutic agent for the treatment of hormone-dependent pathologies, including prostate, breast, and ovarian cancers. SHR7280 dry suspension formulation is being developed to provide an alternative mode of administration for order patients, those using nutritional tubes, and those unable to swallow solid dosage forms.

Objective: This study evaluated the relative bioavailability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and safety of SHR7280 dry suspension and tablets administered in a single dose in healthy Chinese volunteers.

Three-dimensional visualization and navigation for micro-noninvasive uterine fibroid surgery based on MRI and ultrasound image fusion.

Objective: To address the challenges of low surgical precision and poor consistency in focused ultrasound ablation surgery (FUAS) for uterine fibroids, which are often caused by variations in clinical experience and operator fatigue, this study aims to develop an intelligent three-dimensional (3D) visualization and navigation system by integrating magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with real-time ultrasound (US) imaging, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of uterine fibroid surgery.

Methods: MRI and US images from 638 patients were annotated by experienced clinicians. The nnU-Net algorithm was used for preoperative segmentation and 3D reconstruction of MRI images to provide detailed visualization of fibroid morphology.

Biological aging and incident cardiovascular diseases in individuals with diabetes: insights from a large prospective cohort study.

Background: Biological aging is a critical risk factor of age-related diseases, but its impact on diabetic individuals remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the associations of biological aging with the incident cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and life expectancy loss in diabetic individuals.

Methods: We included 12,828 diabetic individuals in UK biobank.

QTL Mapping and Multiomics Identify Candidate Genes for Hundred-Seed Weight in Soybean ( L.).

Soybean ( L.) is the main source of vegetable protein and edible oil for humans, with an average content of about 40% crude protein and 20% crude fat. Seed yield and quality are quantitative traits that are controlled by multiple genes.

Drug repurposing for Alzheimer's disease using a graph-of-thoughts based large language model to infer drug-disease relationships in a comprehensive knowledge graph.

Drug repurposing (DR) offers a promising alternative to the high cost and low success rate of traditional drug development, especially for complex diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study addressed DR for AD from three key angles: (1) demonstrating how disease-specific knowledge graphs can improve DR performance, (2) evaluating the role of large language models (LLMs) in enhancing the usability and efficiency of these graphs, and (3) assessing whether Graph-of-Thoughts (GoT)-enhanced LLMs, when integrated with AD knowledge graphs, can outperform traditional machine learning and LLM-based approaches. We tested five distinct DR strategies (DR1-DR5) for AD: DR1, a machine learning method using TxGNN; DR2, a machine learning model leveraging the Alzheimer's KnowledgeBase (AlzKB); DR3, an LLM-based chatbot built on AlzKB; DR4, our ESCARGOT framework combining GoT-enhanced LLMs with AlzKB; and DR5, a general reasoning-driven LLM approach.

Melatonin facilitated Pb accumulation in bermudagrass by modulating radial transport pathways.

Radial transport of lead (Pb) within roots determines the extent of Pb loading into the xylem, facilitating its subsequent root-to-shoot translocation. However, the regulatory role and underlying mechanism of exogenous melatonin in modulating Pb radial transport in bermudagrass roots remain unclear. Here, morphological and molecular basis by which melatonin affects the Pb radial transport in bermudagrass were explored.