DNA G-quadruplex profiling in skeletal muscle stem cells reveals functional and mechanistic insights.

Background: DNA G-quadruplexes (G4s) are non-canonical secondary structures formed in guanine-rich DNA sequences and play important roles in modulating biological processes through a variety of gene regulatory mechanisms. Emerging G4 profiling allows global mapping of endogenous G4 formation.

Results: Here in this study, we map the G4 landscapes in adult skeletal muscle stem cells (MuSCs), which are essential for injury-induced muscle regeneration.

A Genome-Wide Association Study of Rib Number and Thoracolumbar Vertebra Number in a Landrace × Yorkshire Crossbred Pig Population.

The number of thoracolumbar vertebrae (NTLV) and the number of ribs (NR) are economically important traits in pigs due to their influence on carcass length and meat yield. Although is an established key gene, it fails to fully account for population-level variation in vertebral count, necessitating a further exploration of its genetic mechanisms. Given the efficacy of crossbred populations in mapping the genetic determinants of phenotypic variation, we analyzed 439 pigs from a Landrace × Yorkshire cross.

MPO-anchored ENO1 mediates neutrophil extracellular trap DNA for enhancing Treg differentiation via IFITM2 during sepsis.

Sepsis is a life-threatening disease caused by a dysfunctional host response to infection. During sepsis, inflammation-related immunosuppression is the critical factor causing secondary infection and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. The regulatory mechanisms underlying regulatory T-cell (Treg) differentiation and function, which significantly contribute to septic immunosuppression, require further clarification.

H -H Comproportionation Enables Stable Li-N-H-F Solid Electrolyte.

Nitride family compounds are among the earliest explored materials for solid electrolytes (SEs). The main challenge lies in effectively enhancing their electrochemical stability without compromising their excellent Li-ion conductivity and Li metal compatibility. Herein, a H -H comproportionation reaction between LiH and NHF is employed to synthesize a Li-N-H-F complex, consisting of Li NHF matrix and dispersed LiF nanoparticles.

Radiation-sensitive circRNA promotes intestinal regeneration.

Background: The intestine is one of the most sensitive organs to ionizing radiation (IR), and radiation-induced intestinal injury (RIII) impacts the quality of life of patients undergoing radiotherapy. There are limited early diagnostic biomarkers and specific medicines clinically approved for RIII. Therefore, we sought to identify new theranostic targets to prevent RIII and to facilitate the reestablishment of the intestinal epithelium.

Ultrafast Multi-tracer Total-body PET Imaging Using a Transformer-Based Deep Learning Model.

Background: Reducing PET scan acquisition time to minimize motion-related artifacts and improving patient comfort is always demanding. This study proposes a deep-learning framework for synthesizing diagnostic-quality PET images from ultrafast scans in multi-tracer total-body PET imaging.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical uEXPLORER PET/CT datasets from a single institution, including [F]FDG (N=50), [F]FAPI (N=45) and [Ga]FAPI (N=60) studies.

Virtual noncontrast images of adrenal lesions: a photon-counting CT prospective study.

Background: The value of virtual noncontrast (VNC) images from photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) for evaluating adrenal lesions and diagnosing adrenal adenomas remains to be clarified.

Materials And Methods: Participants with adrenal masses who underwent unenhanced and portal venous phase PCCT were prospectively included. Portal-venous phase images were reconstructed using conventional VNC (VNC) and PureCalcium VNC (VNC).

Genome-Wide Association Study of Gluteus Medius Muscle Size in a Crossbred Pig Population.

The size of the gluteus medius muscle (GM) in swine significantly impacts both hindlimb conformation and carcass yield, while little is known about the genetic architecture of this trait. This study aims to estimate genetic parameters and identify candidate genes associated with this trait through a genome-wide association study (GWAS). A total of 439 commercial crossbred pigs, possessing both Landrace and Yorkshire ancestry, were genotyped using the Porcine 50K chip.

Continuous Monitoring with AI-Enhanced BioMEMS Sensors: A Focus on Sustainable Energy Harvesting and Predictive Analytics.

Continuous monitoring of environmental and physiological parameters is essential for early diagnostics, real-time decision making, and intelligent system adaptation. Recent advancements in bio-microelectromechanical systems (BioMEMS) sensors have significantly enhanced our ability to track key metrics in real time. However, continuous monitoring demands sustainable energy supply solutions, especially for on-site energy replenishment in areas with limited resources.

Subsoiling-Induced Shifts in Nitrogen Dynamics and Microbial Community Structure in Semi-Arid Rainfed Maize Agroecosystems.

Global agricultural intensification has exacerbated soil compaction and nitrogen (N) inefficiency, thereby threatening sustainable crop production. Sub-soiling, a tillage technique that fractures subsurface layers while preserving surface structure, offers potential solutions by modifying soil physical properties and enhancing microbial-mediated N cycling. This study investigated the effects of subsoiling depth (0, 20, and 40 cm) on soil microbial communities and N transformations in a semi-arid maize system in China.

Current status of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in China (Review).

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a newly emerging tick‑borne infectious disease caused by the novel Bunyavirus/SFTS virus (SFTSV). The clinical manifestations mainly include fever, thrombocytopenia and multi‑organ dysfunction, with a fatality rate as high as 30%. Since its first report in China in 2009, cases have subsequently emerged in multiple countries across East and Southeast Asia.

Bacterial regulation of coral larval metamorphosis and settlement in Pocillopora damicornis.

Bacteria play a significant role in triggering coral larval metamorphosis and settlement in many coral species. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms behind coral larval metamorphosis and settlement triggered by bacteria remain enigmatic. Thus, we perform a bacteria-induced metamorphosis and settlement experiment using larvae of Pocillopora damicornis along with high-throughput sequencing, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses.

Cortical structural signatures for early identification of bipolar disorder from depressive episode.

Objective: This study aims to explore specific biomarkers for the early identification of bipolar disorder (BD) by assessing cortical morphological features.

Methods: This study comprised 185 BD patients, 203 unipolar depression (UD) patients, and 257 healthy controls (HC). In addition, through follow-up, a cohort of 86 patients initially diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) who later transitioned to BD were identified as having initial depressive episode BD (IDE-BD).

sp. nov., a bacterium isolated from seawater surrounding .

Coral reefs are experiencing significant degradation, largely driven by rising seawater temperatures. The bacterial communities within coral holobionts play crucial roles that support coral reef conservation and restoration, offering potential solutions to mitigate the impacts of environmental stressors. A Gram-negative bacterium, designated strain D0M16, was isolated from seawater surrounding coral in Daya Bay, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.

Charge-Rearrangement Averaged Dye Design for Precise, Real-Time, and Portable Monitoring of Complex Solvent Environments.

Although solvatochromic materials provide visual function to differentiate solvents, they fail to precisely monitor complex solvent environments where solvent composition varies dynamically, because of an insensitive absorptional shift in these environments. Relatively, their fluorescence signal change, which should be more sensitive, has always been inefficient, resulting from inherent challenges in excited-state dynamics. Here, we present a charge-rearrangement averaged dye design, instead of traditional donor-acceptor structures, to enable a high locally excited or twisted intramolecular charge transfer emission efficiency.

fSuSiE enables fine-mapping of QTLs from genome-scale molecular profiles.

Molecular quantitative trait locus (QTL) studies seek to identify the causal variants affecting molecular traits like DNA methylation and histone modifications. However, existing fine-mapping tools are not well suited to molecular traits, and so molecular QTL analyses typically proceed by considering each variant and each molecular measurement independently, ignoring the LD among variants and the spatial correlation in effects between nearby sites. This severely limits accuracy in identifying causal variants and quantifying their molecular trait effects.

Nanostructured Dyed Wooden Materials for Interior Decoration of Automobiles.

Automotive interior materials are increasingly designed to be environmentally friendly, aesthetically pleasing, durable, and lightweight. Herein, we report on the production of nanostructured dyed wooden materials to meet these requirements for automotive interior materials. A natural veneer is created through dyeing processes at a mild temperature of 45 °C to produce various color materials with a maximum dyeing ratio of 83% and 5-fold liquid permeability due to the partial removal of lignin and hemicelluloses.

An integrated wearable photo-electrochemical sensor for visible light amplified uric acid monitoring in sweat.

Uric acid (UA), a crucial biomarker for chronic metabolic disorders such as gout and hyperuricemia, necessitates non-invasive monitoring for effective disease management. However, wearable sensor for real-time UA detection face significant challenges due to the low UA concentration (<100 μM) in human sweat and the difficulty of multi-functional integration. Here, we developed an integrated wearable photo-electrochemical (PEC) sensor for UA detection in sweat.

Kinetic and mechanistic investigation toward the characterization of tucatinib inhibition of CYP3A4.

A highly selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, tucatinib, has shown remarkable efficacy and safety for treatment of adult patients with advanced, unresectable, or metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive breast cancer, including those with brain metastases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate in vitro the potential to inhibit cytochrome P450 (P450) isoforms for tucatinib. Preliminary in vitro P450 inhibition survey revealed that tucatinib was a weak inhibitor of CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C19, and CYP2D6 with IC values >20 μM.

Design of a mid/long-wave infrared dual-band panoramic optical system.

In this paper, a dual-band and confocal panoramic annular lens for infrared detection is designed using ZEMAX optical design software to realize 360° panoramic monitoring. The working band covers the mid-infrared band (3-5 µm) and the long-infrared band (7-9.5 µm); the field of view angle is (28-80)×360; and the head unit of the lens is composed of two mirrors and a Ge protection window.

Single-layer dielectric metasurface with an intrinsic chiral optical response in the yellow light region.

Chirally responsive metasurfaces have a wide range of applications in nanophotonics, including imaging, virtual reality, and optical encryption. Most metasurfaces, with a high chiral optical response, are typically constructed from two or more layers of metasurfaces stacked with a rotational or translational offset. This requires precise layer alignment, increasing fabrication difficulty and cost.

Athermalization and large depth of field in endoscopes based on wavefront coding.

Through theoretical analysis, this study validates the feasibility of wavefront coding (WFC) technology for simultaneously extending the depth of field (DOF) and the operational temperature range. We designed and optimized an industrial endoscope with an image space F-number of 8, an effective focal length of 7 mm, a total length of 871 mm, and a field of view of 52°. To achieve a larger DOF and athermalization over a wider temperature range, an expanded quintic phase mask is introduced.

Fano-resonance-inspired terahertz metamaterial sensor for refractive index sensing applications.

This paper proposes a metamaterial THz sensor based on Fano resonance, which shows high sensitivity and a quality factor for index sensing. The proposed structure features a simple architecture composed of two circular split-ring resonators with different sizes, while structural asymmetry is introduced to generate Fano resonances. Simulation results show that the proposed sensor achieves a sensitivity of 0.