UCP2 is identified as a therapeutic target for abdominal aortic aneurysm by comprehensive bioinformatic analysis and experimental validation.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a potentially life-threatening vascular condition that currently lacks effective pharmacological treatment. The disease is strongly associated with chronic inflammation, where immune cells like macrophages play a crucial role. Efferocytosis, the process by which apoptotic cells are cleared, is involved in regulating inflammation.

Controlling Nosocomial Transmission of Respiratory Infections in Neurological Wards: Insights from COVID-19 Pandemic Data.

Background: Transmissible diseases pose significant risks within healthcare facilities, which can lead to accelerated viral spread and exacerbate healthcare burdens, particularly for patients with severe conditions. During the COVID-19 pandemic, numerous cases of nosocomial infections were reported, underscoring the shortcomings of current in-hospital management strategies for controlling such outbreaks. This study aims to provide insights for developing improved in-hospital management strategies for future infectious disease outbreaks.

Targeting inhibition of the inflammatory response: advances in the treatment of myocardial fibrosis with natural medicine and active ingredients.

Myocardial fibrosis is a critical pathological foundation of cardiovascular diseases and a fundamental process underlying myocardial remodeling. The inflammatory response is a key driver of myocardial fibrosis, promoting the proliferation of myocardial fibroblasts and collagen deposition through the activation of multiple cytokines and signaling pathways. Natural medicines and active ingredients exhibit distinct therapeutic advantages characterized by not only potent pharmacological efficacy and favorable safety profiles, but also unique multi-target mechanisms of action that enable synergistic modulation of complex pathological pathways.

The role of gut microbiota in adolescent depression: Insights from adverse childhood experiences.

Background: Depression has become a leading global mental health disorder, with a rising prevalence of 15-20 % among adolescents. Emerging evidence suggests that adolescent depression may constitute a distinct subtype, differing clinically and neurobiologically from adult presentations. The gut microbiota's role in psychiatric disorders has garnered increasing attention, as dysbiosis may modulate behavior and mood via the microbiota-gut-brain axis, potentially contributing to depressive pathogenesis.

Hypertension-gut microbiota research trends: a bibliometric and visualization analysis (2000-2025).

Background: Hypertension is a major global public health challenge affecting over 1.3 billion people. Emerging evidence indicates that gut microbiota regulates blood pressure through metabolic and immune-inflammatory pathways.

Large-scale analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomic data from sewage using eVarEPS reveals that amino acid mutations detected in sewage provide an early warning on population prevalence.

Key amino acid mutations in SARS-CoV-2 genomes drive the emergence of variants of concern, impacting virus transmission and immune escape. However, there is still a lack of large-scale monitoring and risk assessment of new amino acid variants in sewage. To address this gap, we developed eVarEPS (Environmental SARS-CoV-2 Variations Evaluation and Prewarning System), a system for the early identification and assessment of SARS-CoV-2 variants in environmental samples.

Kinesins control male germ unit assembly for sperm delivery in Arabidopsis.

Unlike flagellated sperm in animals, which use molecular motors for motility, immotile sperm cells of angiosperms rely on cytoplasmic transport within pollen tubes to reach female gametes for fertilization. However, the mechanism underlying sperm cell transport in angiosperms remains unknown. Since the 1970s it has been observed that the two sperm cells, or their progenitor generative cell, are transported together with the pollen vegetative nucleus as part of an aggregated structure called the male germ unit, which forms within the pollen cytoplasm.

Metal-Organic Framework-Derived Hierarchically Heterostructured ZnCoO/ZnO Composites for High-Performance Supercapacitors.

Three-dimensional hierarchically structured ZnCoO/ZnO (ZnCoO) composites have been prepared through a simple thermal treatment of ZnCo-bimetal MOF (ZnCo-MOF) precursors. We found that the solvothermal reaction temperature for preparing ZnCo-MOFs has an important influence on the composition and structure of the ZnCoO composites. When the temperature is 100 °C, ZnCoO-100 and ZnCoO-100-P (PVP added) present well-defined hierarchical cubic structures composed of loosely packed nanoplates and nanorods, in which ZnO is the major component.

Crack Detection in Civil Infrastructure Using Autonomous Robotic Systems: A Synergistic Review of Platforms, Cognition, and Autonomous Action.

Traditional manual crack inspection methods often face limitations in terms of efficiency, safety, and consistency. To overcome these issues, a new approach based on autonomous robotic systems has gained attention, combining robotics, artificial intelligence, and advanced sensing technologies. However, most existing reviews focus on individual components in isolation and fail to present a complete picture of how these systems work together.

Decoupling iterative algorithm for rapid calculation of physiological parameters from the standard Tofts model.

Background: The standard Tofts model (STM) is an important pharmacokinetic model for analyzing dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) data. However, it is very time-consuming using the STM to perform pixel-by-pixel analysis for 3D DCE-MRI data.

Purpose: We developed a decoupling iterative algorithm, prediction-correction method (PCM), for rapid calculation of physiological parameters using the STM.

Microglial States Are Susceptible to Senescence and Cholesterol Dysregulation in Alzheimer's Disease.

Cellular senescence is a major contributor to aging-related degenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), but much less is known about the key cell types and pathways driving senescence mechanisms in the brain. We hypothesized that dysregulated cholesterol metabolism is central to cellular senescence in AD. We analyzed single-cell RNA-seq data from the ROSMAP and SEA-AD cohorts to uncover cell type-specific senescence pathologies.

Global, regional, and national burden of aortic aneurysm disease and its attributable risk factor, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2021.

This study aimed to evaluate the global, regional, and national burden of aortic aneurysms and their attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2021. Data from the global burden of disease 2021 study were used to analyze aortic aneurysm death numbers, age-standardized death rates (ASDR), and attributable risk factors across age, sex, region, and the Socio-demographic Index (SDI). Temporal trends were assessed by estimated annual percentage change (EAPC).

Relative Bioavailability of Single-Dose Oral Administration of Two SHR7280 Formulations (Dry Suspension and Tablets) in Healthy Chinese Volunteers.

Background: SHR7280 is an oral small-molecule gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist that can be developed as therapeutic agent for the treatment of hormone-dependent pathologies, including prostate, breast, and ovarian cancers. SHR7280 dry suspension formulation is being developed to provide an alternative mode of administration for order patients, those using nutritional tubes, and those unable to swallow solid dosage forms.

Objective: This study evaluated the relative bioavailability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and safety of SHR7280 dry suspension and tablets administered in a single dose in healthy Chinese volunteers.

Comorbidity of common psychiatric disorders and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Chinese adults.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the comorbidity and influencing factors of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with other psychiatric disorders in Chinese adults.

Methods: Adult patients (n = 3772) diagnosed with schizophrenia (SCZ), major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), and general anxiety disorder (GAD) were enrolled in 29 sites from Oct 2022 to Jan 2024. A custom questionnaire including demographics, the Adult ADHD Symptoms Rating Scale v1.

Humoral and cellular immune response to a single dose of a novel bivalent recombinant adenovirus-vector vaccine against West Nile virus and chikungunya virus in mice.

Background: West Nile virus (WNV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) are zoonotic pathogens transmitted by mosquitoes, which cause significant morbidity and mortality globally. Currently, no human vaccine is available against both WNV and CHIKV.

Methods: In this study, we developed a novel bivalent recombinant human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5)-based vaccine, designated Ad5-WNV-CHIKV, which encodes WNV prM-E and CHIKV E3-E2-6 K-E1 antigens.

Association between Vessels Encapsulating Tumor Clusters and Circulating Tumor Cells in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Clinical Evidence and Risk Model Development.

Vessels encapsulating tumor clusters (VETC) and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are recognized as emerging potential biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), yet the underlying connection between them is not fully elucidated. This study aims to investigate the association between VETC and CTCs and evaluate their potential clinical utility. This retrospective cohort study (NCT05297955) included 165 HCC patients who underwent curative hepatic resection.

Identification of a novel ectromelia virus from rodent: Implications for use as an in vivo infection model for vaccine and antiviral research.

Ectromelia virus (ECTV), a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus, serves as both a causative agent of mousepox and a pivotal surrogate model for studying highly pathogenic orthopoxviruses. Although genomic data on ECTV remains limited, we report the isolation and characterization of a novel strain, ECTV-C-Tan-GD01, obtained from rodents in Guangdong Province, China. Nanopore sequencing yielded a complete genome (199 annotated genes, including one gene truncated at the C-terminus) with inverted terminal repeats (ITRs) harboring a conserved hairpin structure.

Exploratory analysis of the key role of immune function changes in BPD.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is one of the most prevalent and severe chronic lung diseases in premature infants. The objective of the current study was to screen for key BPD-associated genes and pathways by transcriptomic analysis from clinical patients and animal models. In our study, the differentially expressed genes were screened from 58 children with 14-day BPD and 40 normal children in the GSE32472 dataset of the Gene Expression Omnibus database.

Intralesional and perilesional radiomics strategy based on different machine learning for the prediction of international society of urological pathology grade group in prostate cancer.

Objective: To develop and evaluate a intralesional and perilesional radiomics strategy based on different machine learning model to differentiate International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade > 2 group and ISUP ≤ 2 prostate cancers (PCa).

Methods: 340 case of PCa patients confirmed by radical prostatectomy pathology were obtained from two hospitals. The patients were divided into training, internal validation, and external validation groups.

Abnormal static and dynamic regional homogeneity in adolescent major depressive disorder with somatic symptoms: a resting-state fMRI study.

Background: Somatic symptoms are common in adolescent major depressive disorder (MDD) and related to severity of depression and clinical outcomes. However, the neurological mechanism of somatic symptoms in adolescent MDD remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to explore the functional alterations of intrinsic brain local connectivity in adolescent MDD with somatic symptoms based on static and dynamic reginal homogeneity (ReHo).

Role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of early-onset preeclampsia: a narrative review.

Early-onset Preeclampsia (EOPE) is a severe pregnancy complication that poses significant risks to both maternal and fetal health, often leading to fetal growth restriction and maternal morbidity. Despite extensive research, the etiology of EOPE remains unclear, though emerging evidence suggests that vitamin D (VD) may play an important role in placental development and function. Recent studies associate VD deficiency with adverse pregnancy outcomes, including EOPE, through mechanisms such as impaired trophoblast invasion and immune dysregulation at the maternal-fetal interface.

Efficacy and safety of HRS-5965 monotherapy in complement inhibitor-naïve patients with paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria.

Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare, life-threatening disorder characterized by complement-mediated haemolysis, leading to anaemia and thrombosis. HRS-5965 is a novel, oral, selective complement factor B inhibitor targeting the alternative pathway, potentially reducing both intra- and extravascular haemolysis. In this randomized, open-label phase II study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of HRS-5965 monotherapy in complement inhibitor-naïve adult PNH patients.

Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Modeling for the Use of Recaticimab in Healthy Volunteers and Patients with Hypercholesterolemia.

Introduction: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a protein secreted by the liver that binds to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors, which leads to a decreased ability of the liver to clear LDL-C from circulation. By inhibiting PCSK9, it is possible to provide early intervention to achieve clinical benefits.

Methods: The database was built using data derived from seven clinical studies, population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PopPK/PD) and PK/PD analyses were conducted via nonlinear mixed effects analysis with NONMEM software.