Multi-scale design of the structure and mechanical performance of the deep-sea hydrothermal mussel (Bathymodiolus aduloides) shell.

Deep-sea hydrothermal vents are renowned for being among the most extreme environments on Earth. However, the mussel shells found in these vent sites demonstrate remarkable productivity, despite being subjected to high pressure as well as unusual levels of heavy metals, pH, temperature, CO, and sulphides. To comprehend how these mussels endure such extreme conditions, a systematic comparative study was conducted, focusing on the unique chemical composition, structural designs, and mechanical properties of hydrothermal vent mussels (Bathymodiolus aduloides) in comparison to shallow-water mussels (Mytilus edulis).

Dynamic mechanisms and targeted interventions in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury: pathological cascade from ischemia to reperfusion and promising therapeutic strategies.

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CI/RI) is a critical event causing secondary neurological deterioration following vascular recanalization in patients with ischemic stroke (IS), involving multiple interrelated pathological processes that synergistically aggravate brain injury. However, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely elucidated, necessitating systematic investigation. This review systematically elucidates the dynamic pathological mechanisms underlying CI/RI during ischemic and reperfusion phases.

Peptide codes for organ-selective mRNA delivery.

Organ-selective delivery of messenger RNA (mRNA) is critical for fulfilling the therapeutic potential of mRNA-based gene and protein replacement technologies. Despite clinical advances in the hepatic delivery of mRNA using lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), current strategies for extrahepatic-organ-selective mRNA delivery still have limitations. Here we report a peptide-encoded organ-selective targeting (POST) method for the delivery of mRNA to extrahepatic organs after systemic administration, which is based on the modular tuning of LNPs through surface engineering with specific amino acid sequences (POST codes).

Engineered for the Enhancement of Glucosamine Accumulation by the Consumption of Glucose and Ammonium Based on Synthetic Biological Pathways.

Glucosamine (GlcN) is a high-value compound with significant health applications. GlcN is widely used in the food and health industry as a food additive or functional food. The development of a green, efficient, and safe method for GlcN production is of great significance due to the complexity of traditional production methods, environmental pollution, and sensitization of raw materials.

Case Report: Endovascular thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke with bilateral internal carotid artery fibromuscular dysplasia.

Background: Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD) is a rare, idiopathic, non-inflammatory, and non-atherosclerotic disease that often presents with stenosis of medium or small arteries, potentially leading to acute cerebral infarction. Due to its atypical symptoms, FMD is prone to being missed or misdiagnosed, and the optimal treatment strategy for patients with acute cerebral infarction accompanied by FMD remains unclear.

Case Description: A 41-year-old male patient presented to the emergency department with right-sided limb weakness and slurred speech for 4 h.

Comorbidity of common psychiatric disorders and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Chinese adults.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the comorbidity and influencing factors of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with other psychiatric disorders in Chinese adults.

Methods: Adult patients (n = 3772) diagnosed with schizophrenia (SCZ), major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), and general anxiety disorder (GAD) were enrolled in 29 sites from Oct 2022 to Jan 2024. A custom questionnaire including demographics, the Adult ADHD Symptoms Rating Scale v1.

Sequence variant of POU5F1 as risk factor for premature ovarian insufficiency by mis-regulating transcription.

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a severe disease that leads to female infertility. Previous studies have suggested that genetic mutations are one of the causes of POI. In order to explore novel pathogenic genes associated with POI, we performed whole-exome sequencing on 111 patients with POI.

Copy number amplification of TTPAL promotes cholesterol biosynthesis and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression via elevating NSUN2-mediated m5C modification of SREBP2 mRNA.

Alterations in copy number are crucial genetic events in the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Here, we show that Tocopherol alpha transfer protein-like (TTPAL) is highly amplified and frequently overexpressed in human ESCC. Using Ttpal-KO mouse mode, we demonstrate that TTPAL promotes ESCC cell proliferation and accelerates tumor development by driving cholesterol biosynthesis.

A Self-Adaptive Rhodium(I) Complex-Based Nanoplatform with Type II Immunogenic Cell Death for Near-Infrared Phosphorescence Imaging and Cancer Immunotherapy.

Despite immunogenic cell death (ICD) has garnered significant attention in cancer therapy, achieving precise in vivo immunity activation and simultaneous visualization of immunotherapy processes remain significant challenges due to the difficulties in facile integration of multifunctionalities in a single nanomedicine. For this purpose, herein a self-adaptive rhodium(I) complex-based nanoplatform driven by metallophilic interactions is reported not only for near-infrared (NIR) imaging-guided cancer immunotherapy, but also as the first example of a rhodium(I)-based ICD inducer. Specifically, this nanoplatform enables high tumor enrichment by utilizing homologous targeting capability camouflaged by cancer cell membranes and facilitates enhanced in vivo NIR phosphorescence imaging.

Association of timing of initial breastfeeding and neonatal outcome in very preterm infants: a multicentre cohort study in China.

Objective: To evaluate the association between the timing of initial breastfeeding and the risk of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) and other neonatal outcomes in very preterm infants (VPIs, <32 weeks' gestation).

Design: Multicentre observational cohort study.

Setting: Data were collected from 102 tertiary neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in China between 2019 and 2023 through the Chinese Neonatal Network.

Targeting complement C3/C3aR pathway restores rejuvenation factor PF4 and mitigates neurocognitive impairments in age-related perioperative neurocognitive disorders.

Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND), including postoperative delirium (POD), delayed neurocognitive recovery (dNCR) and postoperative neurocognitive disorder (PNCD), affect up to 10% of surgical patients older than 60 years, and currently there are no effective therapies to prevent PND. The gut microbiota is linked to PND through the gut-brain axis, promoting neuroinflammation via activation and proliferation of microglia and astrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS). In this study, we show that perioperative use of ceftriaxone, a long-acting β-lactam antibiotic, can prevent the development of PND in elderly surgical patients.

Comprehensive Understanding of Closed Pores in Hard Carbon Anode for High-Energy Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Hard carbon (HC) is considered the most promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to its high cost-effectiveness and outstanding overall performance. However, the amorphous and intricate microstructure of HC poses significant challenges in elucidating the structure-performance relationship, which has led to persistent misinterpretations regarding the intrinsic characteristics of closed pores. An irrational construction methodology of closed pores inevitably results in diminished plateau capacity, which severely restricts the practical application of HC in high-energy-density scenarios.

Inhaled nitric oxide therapy in preterm infants born before 34 weeks of gestation: a nationwide multicenter study.

Background: Despite the lack of consensus, the use of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) in preterm infants with a gestational age (GA) of less than 34 weeks has been increasing in recent years. At present, there are no multi-center studies in China on the use of iNO in this population. This study aims to investigate the use of iNO in preterm infants under 34 weeks of gestation over the past 10 years in China, and provides evidence-based medical proof for the use of iNO in these neonates.

Investigating correlations between mental disorders and fundus imaging data using deep learning: A study from the UK Biobank.

Purpose: To automatically identify mental and behavioral disorders using fundus imaging data and interpret the potential associations between mental diseases and fundus biomarkers.

Methods: In this study, a deep learning-based multimodality training method is introduced primarily to explore the relationship between fundus imaging features and mental disorders. The methodology is carefully trained and evaluated using a dataset containing fundus images and optical coherence tomography (OCT) measured features from 1,494 participants in the UK Biobank database.

Efficient GPT-4V level multimodal large language model for deployment on edge devices.

Multimodal large language models have revolutionized AI research and industry, paving the way toward the next milestone. However, their large sizes and high computational costs restrict deployment to cloud servers, limiting use in mobile, offline, energy-sensitive, or privacy-critical scenarios. We present MiniCPM-V, efficient models for edge devices that integrate advancements in architecture, training, and data.

Evolving Perceptions and Attitudes to Adopting Generative AI in Professional Settings: Multicenter Longitudinal Qualitative Study of Senior Chinese Hospital Leaders.

Background: The rapid evolution of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) is transforming health care globally. In China, hospitals are rapidly embracing digital transformation. Senior leaders are pivotal in influencing and deciding the adoption of GenAI technologies in professional settings.

Childhood obesity directly increases age-related macular degeneration risk: the role of physiobiological and immune-metabolic function.

Background: Childhood obesity is a growing global concern and is associated with cardiometabolic comorbidities in adulthood. However, the association between childhood body size and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in late life remains to be investigated. We aimed to explore the association between childhood obesity and incident AMD and the underlying anatomical and physiobiological mechanisms.

sp/sp-Hybridized nitrogen-mediated electrochemical CO capture and utilization.

Electrochemical carbon dioxide (CO) capture and utilization, powered by renewable energy, are essential to achieving net-zero emissions and CO valorization. While remarkable progress has been made in catalysts, solution design, and system engineering, recent breakthroughs reveal that nitrogen-containing molecules-specifically sp-hybridized structures (e.g.

Infrared radiation and subsequent hot-air drying increased lipid concomitant contents and improved storage stability of fresh camellia seeds.

Background: Camellia oleifera is a woody oil-bearing crop, and the quality of its seeds and pressed oil is affected by the postharvest drying. In order to find a suitable drying method for camellia seeds maintaining their good qualities, effects of three drying methods, including room temperature (RT) drying, 60 °C hot-air (HA) drying, as well as 600-800 W infrared pre-drying and sequential 60 °C hot-air (IR-HA) drying, on the drying efficiency, qualities and storage stabilities of camellia seeds were compared.

Results: Compared with HA drying, IR-HA drying shortened the drying time of fresh camellia seeds by 42-47%.

Terrestrial locomotion of microscopic robots enabled by 3D nanomembranes with nonreciprocal shape morphing.

Microscopic robots exhibit efficient locomotion in liquids by leveraging fluid dynamics and chemical reactions to generate force asymmetry, thereby enabling critical applications in photonics and biomedicine. However, achieving controllable locomotion of such robots on terrestrial surfaces remains challenging because fluctuating adhesion on nonideal surfaces disrupts the necessary asymmetry for propulsion. Here, we present a microscopic robot composed of three-dimensional nanomembranes, which navigate diverse terrestrial surfaces with omnidirectional motion.

Rice glutelin fibrils fabricated with natural deep eutectic solvents: Physicochemical characteristics, microstructure, and rheological properties.

To enhance the properties of rice glutelin through effective and safe fibrillation, rice glutelin fibrils (RGFs) were fabricated using natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES, prepared by citric acid and choline chloride). Effects of three NADES concentrations (L (1.4 M), M (2.

Electrocatalytic degradation of norfloxacin using La-Sb co-doped Ti/SnO electrodes.

Electrocatalytic degradation of antibiotics in wastewater is limited by challenges in achieving stable electrode materials with high degradation efficiency. This study developed a one-step solvothermal method to synthesize La-Sb co-doped Ti/SnO anodes and optimized the La ratio to enhance the electrocatalytic oxidation performance. The electrode with La ratio of 7.

Serum GP73, Nrf2, CHE in early pregnancy-related liver injury detection via RCS model.

Background: This study assessed serum GP73, Nrf2, and CHE levels in pregnancy-associated liver injury and explored their nonlinear risk relationships using restricted cubic spline (RCS) models to establish diagnostic thresholds for early screening.

Methods: Conducted from December 2022 to December 2024, 105 pregnant women with liver injury (research group) and 187 healthy controls were retrospectively analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression, ROC curves, RCS models, and decision curve analysis (DCA) evaluated associations, predictive efficacy, dose-response relationships, and clinical utility of these biomarkers.

Identification and Validation of Key Genes Involved in the Coupling of Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane in Hemorrhoidal Disease.

Background: Hemorrhoidal disease (HD) is the most prevalent rectal disorder, with various cellular processes influenced by the mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAM). Potential therapeutic mechanisms for HD may be associated with MAM. This study aims to identify key genes linked to MAM in HD and to provide novel therapeutic targets.

Nitric oxide regulates spindle dynamics to modulate the maturation of goat oocytes.

Oocyte maturation is a complex and tightly regulated process. Nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated in the regulation of oocyte maturation, but its precise mechanism of action remains unclear. In this study, the inhibition of NO synthase activity using L-NMMA was found to impair meiosis and inhibit the maturation of goat oocytes.