Controlling Nosocomial Transmission of Respiratory Infections in Neurological Wards: Insights from COVID-19 Pandemic Data.

Background: Transmissible diseases pose significant risks within healthcare facilities, which can lead to accelerated viral spread and exacerbate healthcare burdens, particularly for patients with severe conditions. During the COVID-19 pandemic, numerous cases of nosocomial infections were reported, underscoring the shortcomings of current in-hospital management strategies for controlling such outbreaks. This study aims to provide insights for developing improved in-hospital management strategies for future infectious disease outbreaks.

A conjugated pyridine diimine fluorene-based polymer for the detection of furaltadone.

The potential risks posed by antibiotics to human health and the ecological environment have long been a major public concern. Consequently, developing probe technologies capable of efficiently detecting trace levels of antibiotics in environments has emerged as a critical research priority. In this study, a conjugated fluorene-based pyridine diimine polymeric probe (FPD) was employed as a fluorescent probe for the specific recognition and detection of furaltadone.

Association of altitude and eosinophil with the one-year mortality of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a cohort study.

Background: Altitude and eosinophil (EOS) are closely related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There are limited studies on the association of altitude and EOS with mortality of COPD patients. Our aim was to explore the association of altitude and EOS with one-year all-cause mortality of patients hospitalized for acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD).

Uncertain Interruptibility Multiobjective Flexible Job Shop via Deep Reinforcement Learning Based on Heterogeneous Graph Self-Attention.

Although an increasing number of studies have focused on the flexible job shop problem, there has been insufficient consideration of realistic constraints, such as the working hours of employees and the noninterruptible nature of certain operations. To address this issue, here an improved deep reinforcement learning (DRL) approach is presented that utilizes end-to-end multidecision-intelligent body proximal policy optimization (m-PPO). In the proposed framework, a heterogeneous graph self-attention neural network (HGAN) model is embedded, which efficiently extracts valuable features from the original state in heterogeneous graphs to capture intricate relationships.

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion following extensively drug-resistant associated with complicated urinary tract infection: a case report.

Hyponatremia is strongly associated with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). We present an 82-year-old male with refractory hyponatremia unresponsive to the discontinuation of hydrochlorothiazide and comprehensive treatment (fluid restriction, sodium supplementation, and tolvaptan). Two consecutive urine cultures identified extensively drug-resistant (XDRKP).

The oncogenic role of CCDC34 in lower-grade gliomas: prognostic significance and therapeutic potential.

Purpose: To investigate the prognostic significance, molecular mechanisms, and therapeutic potential of CCDC34 in lower-grade gliomas (LGG).

Methods: Data from TCGA, CGGA, and GEO databases, comprising 1,064 LGG patient samples, were analyzed to evaluate the correlation between CCDC34 expression and clinical outcomes. Kaplan-Meier analysis, Cox regression, PPI, Virtual screening and meta-analysis were conducted to assess its prognostic significance.

A dual self-reinforcement strategy for enhancing the mechanical strength and hydrophobicity of biocompatible thermoplastic starch.

Enhancing the mechanical strength and hydrophobicity of thermoplastic starch (TPS) while maintaining its biocompatibility remains a key challenge for starch-based food packaging materials. In this study, a dual self-reinforcement strategy is proposed, involving the initial blending of glycerol with self-prepared carboxymethyl starch (CMS) with a high degree of substitution (1.05) to form TPCMS, followed by the incorporation of self-fabricated starch micro-particles (MP) featuring micro-nano surface structures to produce TPCMS@MP.

XSBR-mediated biomass polymers: A new strategy to solve the low toughness and high hydrophilicity of sodium alginate based films and use in food packaging.

In response to the problems of poor mechanical ductility and high hydrophilicity of natural polysaccharide films, we propose to introduce rubber material (carboxystyrene styrene-butadiene latex, XSBR) into natural polysaccharides (sodium alginate, SA) to enhance the mechanical properties of SA and reduce its hydrophilicity. In addition, dispersing ZnO in SA through the mediating effect of XSBR can further reduce its hydrophilicity and endow the composite film with antibacterial activity. The tensile strength and strain of the composite film reached 16.

A completely bio-based corn starch/sodium carboxymethyl cellulose film with antibacterial and antioxidant performance modified by a natural alcohol ester of amino acid and curcumin.

To address the ecological pollution caused by synthetic antimicrobial agents in conventional food packaging films, we have successfully developed a fully bio-based and sustainable food packaging film that exhibits exceptional antibacterial and antioxidant properties. In this study, we designed and synthesized two novel natural alcohol esters of amino acid (NAEAAs)-L-Trp-Men and L-Trp-Bor-through esterification reactions involving L-tryptophan (L-Trp) and L-Menthol or Borneol, respectively. A multifunctional composite film system was constructed using natural corn starch (CS) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as the matrix materials, with NAEAAs serving as the antimicrobial active components and curcumin (Cur) as the antioxidant.

Prediction of Actinide-Ligand Complex Stability Constants by Machine Learning.

Sustainable application of nuclear energy requires efficient sequestration of actinides, which relies on extensive understanding of actinide-ligand interactions to guide rational design of ligands. Currently, the design of novel ligands adopts mainly the time-consuming and labor-intensive trial-and-error strategy and is impeded by the heavy-metal toxicity and radioactivity of actinides. The advancement of machine learning techniques brings new opportunities given a sensible choice of appropriate descriptors.

Development and validation of machine learning models for predicting post-cesarean pain and individualized pain management strategies: a multicenter study.

Background: Effective management of postoperative pain remains a significant challenge in obstetric care due to the variability in pain perception and response influenced by physical, medical, and psychosocial factors. Current standardized pain management protocols often fail to accommodate this variability, necessitating more tailored approaches.

Objective: This study aims to improve postoperative pain management following cesarean sections by developing personalized protocols using machine learning (ML) models.

Mechanistic Insights into Glycerol Oxidation to High-Value Chemicals via Metal-Based Catalysts.

The oxidation of glycerol offers a valuable route for producing high-value chemicals. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the current advancements and mechanistic insights into novel metal-based catalysts for glycerol oxidation. We discuss the catalytic roles of both precious metals (e.

An Investigation of the Saccharides Profile and Metabolic Gene Expression in Muskrat Scented Glands in Different Secretion Seasons.

The adult male muskrat has a pair of scented glands, which show clear seasonal changes in their developmental status between the secretion season and non-secretion season. During the secretion season, the scented glands are much larger than in the non-secretion season, with the metabolism of glandular cells increasing and a large amount of musk being produced. In this work, the blood, musk, and scented gland tissue were collected from three healthy adult male muskrats during secretion season (September).

Clinical features and prognostic risk factors of different sex with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and the outcomes of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) patients between different sex. We aimed to collect the first hospitalization patients who were diagnosed as AECOPD between 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2021 from the general ward and intensive care unit in the hole hospital, Shanghai the Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University. Demographic data, initial clinical symptoms, on-admission vital signs, comorbidities, laboratory tests and imaging examination, treatment, and follow-up were compared between the two groups.

Bifunctional Electrospun Nanocomposite Dressing: Integrating Antibacterial Efficacy and Controllable Antioxidant Properties for Expedited Wound Healing.

Current wound dressings are insufficient in simultaneously addressing bacterial infections and oxidative stress, which severely affects wound healing outcomes. To solve this problem, we introduced poly(ionic liquid) (PIL) with strong antibacterial properties and cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeONPs) with excellent antioxidant capabilities into polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber membranes to prepare a novel composite dressing. The PIL-CeONPs-PAN nanofiber membrane provides sustained antibacterial activity through stably embedded PIL, while the uniformly distributed CeONPs achieve controlled release, avoiding safety issues caused by the rapid release of active substances.

Mental Health in Early Pregnancy and Spontaneous Abortion Risk: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: This study aims to explore the relationship between maternal mental health during early pregnancy and the risk of spontaneous abortion (SA), especially in the context of the Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study involving 4088 pregnant women at a maternal-child health hospital in China from January to December 2022. During the first trimester, we assessed depression, anxiety, and stress levels using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21).

A Connected Convolutional Neutral Network Protocol for Design of Two-Dimensional Materials Based on Modified Graphdiyne.

In materials science, doping plays a crucial role in manipulating the electronic properties of materials. Conventional screening via a trial-and-error strategy is challenging owing to the enormous chemical space. We proposed a connected convolutional neutral network (CCNN) for quick screening of boron nitrogen (B-N) codoped graphdiyne in terms of band gap.

Targeting CCL2-CCR2 signaling pathway alleviates macrophage dysfunction in COPD via PI3K-AKT axis.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation. The involvement of C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) in COPD pathogenesis, particularly in macrophage regulation and activation, is poorly understood despite its recognized role in chronic inflammation. Our study aims to elucidate the regulatory role and molecular mechanisms of CCL2 in the pathogenesis of COPD, providing new insights for therapeutic strategies.

A thermodynamic model of the surface hydroxylation of γ-AlO.

Rational design of γ-alumina-based catalysts relies on an extensive understanding of the distribution of hydroxyl groups on the surface of γ-alumina and their physicochemical properties, which remain unclear and challenging to determine experimentally due to the structural complexity. In this work, by means of DFT and thermodynamic calculations, various hydroxylation modes of γ-alumina (110) and (100) surfaces at different OH coverages were evaluated, based on which a thermodynamic model to reflect the relationship between temperature and the surface structure was established and the stable hydroxylation modes under experimental conditions were predicted. This enables us to identify the experimentally measured IR spectra.

Superhydrophilic PANI/Ag/TA@PVDF Composite Membrane with Antifouling Property for Oil-Water Separation.

The current membrane materials used for oil-water separation suffer from low separation efficiency and poor durability, and membrane contamination is also a key issue that must be addressed urgently. In this paper, a superhydrophilic PANI/Ag/TA@PVDF composite membrane with PANI-Ag NPs heterojunction structure was prepared via chelation and reduction of Ag by tannic acid (TA) and in situ growth of hydrochloric acid-doped polyaniline (PANI). TA endows the prepared composite membrane with excellent superhydrophilicity and underwater oleophobicity, remarkable oil-water separation capacity (the separation efficiency of more than 97% for soybean oil), and extraordinary antifouling properties.

Apple Fruit Edge Detection Model Using a Rough Set and Convolutional Neural Network.

Accurately and effectively detecting the growth position and contour size of apple fruits is crucial for achieving intelligent picking and yield predictions. Thus, an effective fruit edge detection algorithm is necessary. In this study, a fusion edge detection model (RED) based on a convolutional neural network and rough sets was proposed.

Proteomic analysis of DEN and CCl-induced hepatocellular carcinoma mouse model.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) seriously threatens human health, mostly developed from liver fibrosis or cirrhosis. Since diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl)-induced HCC mouse model almost recapitulates the characteristic of HCC with fibrosis and inflammation, it is taken as an essential tool to investigate the pathogenesis of HCC. However, a comprehensive understanding of the protein expression profile of this model is little.

Mechanistic Study of Glycyrrhizic Acid Improving Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Modulating the SHP1/SYK Signaling Pathway in Macrophages.

Objective: To investigate glycyrrhizin's effects and molecular mechanisms on the progression of alcoholic fatty liver.

Methods: An alcoholic fatty liver model was established, followed by the administration of glycyrrhizin ammonium (20 mg/kg). Liver tissue pathological changes were observed using oil red O staining, and pyroptotic bodies were observed using transmission electron microscopy.