Modification of starch traits in commercial wheat through TaWaxy gene editing.

Amylose content (AC) is a key determinant of wheat quality, and the TaWaxy gene determined amylose synthesis with a dose-dependent effect on AC. In this study, the TaWOX5 gene, which significantly enhances wheat transformation efficiency, was combined with CRISPR/SpCas9 system to generate TaWaxy mutants in a commercial winter wheat Jimai 22. Seven transgene-free mutant types were produced, compared to only three transgene-free mutants in the spring wheat variety Ningchun 4.

TaPPR13, a Pentatricopeptide Repeat Protein Gene Activated by TaBZR2, Confers Drought Stress Tolerance by Enhancing the Antioxidant Defense System and Promoting Retrograde Signaling in Wheat (Triticum aestivum).

The wheat (Triticum aestivum) brassinazole-resistant 2 (TaBZR2) gene is identified as significantly associated with drought tolerance by genome-wide association study (GWAS), and a chloroplast pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein gene TaPPR13 functioned as a positive drought stress regulator downstream of TaBZR2. Overexpression of TaPPR13 enhanced the antioxidative defense system, whereas knockdown of TaPPR13 led to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and caused abnormalities in chloroplast thylakoids under drought stress conditions. RNA-seq analysis showed that overexpression of TaPPR13 significantly upregulated the expression of nuclear-encoded genes involved in ROS scavenging and the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway.

Mapping the groundwater potential zones in mountainous areas of Southern China using GIS, AHP, and fuzzy AHP.

Rapid identification of groundwater sources is crucial for emergency water supplies. Yudu County (YDC) in Southern China serves as a case study due to its typical mountainous terrain and pressing groundwater demands. To address the limitations of conventional groundwater mapping methods in large-scale areas with sparse data, this study integrates remote sensing (RS), geographic information systems (GIS), and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) techniques to delineate groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) in YDC.

Direct vibration waveform extraction based on synthetic wavelength amplitude modulation in an SMI system.

This paper proposes an amplitude modulation method based on synthetic wavelength to directly acquire the vibration waveform of targets in a self-mixing interferometry (SMI) system. The vibration waveform of the target is directly extracted from the envelope of the amplitude-modulated SMI signal, which arises from the synthetic differential wavelength. Experimentally, targets with different vibration frequencies were measured, demonstrating an average frequency measurement error of 0.

New insights into CNL-mediated immunity through recognition of Ralstonia solanacearum RipP1 by NbZAR1.

Nicotiana benthamiana requires the coiled-coil nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptor protein NbZAR1 to recognize the type III effector RipP1 from Ralstonia solanacearum. Moreover, RipP1-induced cell death and immunity relies on EDS1 and NRG1, two core components of the Toll-interleukin 1-like receptor nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptor signaling pathway.

RIN4 immunity regulators mediate recognition of the core effector RipE1 of Ralstonia solanacearum by the receptor Ptr1.

Ralstonia solanacearum causes lethal bacterial wilt diseases in numerous crops, resulting in considerable yield losses. Harnessing genetic resistance is desirable for safeguarding plants against phytopathogens. However, genetic resources resistant to bacterial wilt are limited in crops.

TaMYB-CC5 gene specifically expressed in root improve tolerance of phosphorus deficiency and drought stress in wheat.

Phosphate deficiency and drought are significant environmental constraints that impact both the productivity and quality of wheat. The interaction between phosphorus and water facilitates their mutual absorption processes in plants. Under conditions of both phosphorus deficiency and drought stress, we observed a significant upregulation in the expression of wheat MYB-CC transcription factors through the transcriptome analysis.

Corrigendum: Expression profiling of ALOG family genes during inflorescence development and abiotic stress responses in rice ().

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.

Expression profiling of ALOG family genes during inflorescence development and abiotic stress responses in rice ( L.).

The ALOG ( LSH1 and G1) family proteins, namely, DUF640 domain-containing proteins, have been reported to function as transcription factors in various plants. However, the understanding of the response and function of ALOG family genes during reproductive development and under abiotic stress is still largely limited. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the structural characteristics of ALOG family proteins and their expression profiles during inflorescence development and under abiotic stress in rice.

A robust high-throughput functional screening assay for plant pathogen effectors using the TMV-GFP vector.

Uncovering the function of phytopathogen effectors is crucial for understanding mechanisms of pathogen pathogenicity and for improving our ability to protect plants from diseases. An increasing number of effectors have been predicted in various plant pathogens. Functional characterization of these effectors has become a major focus in the study of plant-pathogen interactions.

Effects of Aegilops longissima chromosome 1S on wheat bread-making quality in two types of translocation lines.

Two wheat-Ae. longissima translocation chromosomes (1BS·1SL and 1SS·1BL) were transferred into three commercial wheat varieties, and the new advanced lines showed improved bread-making quality compared to their recurrent parents. Aegilops longissima chromosome 1S encodes specific types of gluten subunits that may positively affect wheat bread-making quality.

Rastonia solanacearum type Ⅲ effectors target host 14-3-3 proteins to suppress plant immunity.

14-3-3 proteins play important roles in plant metabolism and stress response. Tomato 14-3-3 proteins, SlTFT4 and SlTFT7, serve as hubs of plant immunity and are targeted by some pathogen effectors. Ralstonia solanacearum with more than 70 type Ⅲ effectors (T3Es) is one of the most destructive plant pathogens.

Heat shock protein TaHSP17.4, a TaHOP interactor in wheat, improves plant stress tolerance.

Adaptation to drought and salt stresses is a fundamental part of plant cell physiology and is of great significance for crop production under environmental stress. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are molecular chaperones that play a crucial role in folding, assembling, translocating, and degrading proteins. However, their underlying mechanisms and functions in stress tolerance remain elusive.

Thinned young apple polyphenols may prevent neuronal apoptosis by up-regulating 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in the cerebral cortex of high-fat diet-induced diabetic mice.

Apple polyphenols exert neuroprotective effects by improving the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle function, but the details of their mechanisms are still not fully understood. TCA cycle metabolites regulate the level of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) by affecting the ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzyme activity. Therefore, we hypothesized that thinned young apple polyphenols (TYAPs) inhibit neuronal apoptosis by up-regulating the level of 5hmC in the cerebral cortex of high-fat diet-induced diabetic mice.

A conserved type III effector RipB is recognized in tobacco and contributes to Ralstonia solanacearum virulence in susceptible host plants.

Ralstonia solanacearum, the causal agent of bacterial wilt, causes devastating diseases in a wide range of plants including potato, tomato, pepper and tobacco. The pathogen delivers approximately 70 type III effectors (T3Es) into plant cells during infection. In this study, we confirmed that a T3E RipB is recognized in tobacco.

Genome-Wide Analysis of C2H2 Zinc Finger Gene Family and Its Response to Cold and Drought Stress in Sorghum [ (L.) Moench].

C2H2 zinc finger protein (C2H2-ZFP) is one of the most important transcription factor families in higher plants. In this study, a total of 145 was identified in and randomly distributed on 10 chromosomes. Based on the phylogenetic tree, these zinc finger gene family members were divided into 11 clades, and the gene structure and motif composition of in the same clade were similar.

Daphnetin ameliorates Aβ pathogenesis via STAT3/GFAP signaling in an APP/PS1 double-transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) has become a major public health problem that affects the elderly population. Therapeutic compounds with curative effects are not available due to the complex pathogenesis of AD. Daphnetin, a natural coumarin derivative and inhibitor of various kinases, has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities.