Comparative analyses highlight wheat TaSPL4-D as a promising candidate gene to optimize plant architecture traits in rice.

Comparative expression analyses between wheat and rice highlight that TaSPL4 is involved in plant architecture traits, and heterologous expression of TaSPL4-D in rice reduces plant height and increases tiller number.

Prognostic value of albumin-based malnutritional indices on short-term outcome in acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing reperfusion therapy.

Background: The malnutrition and inflammatory status are dependently associated with an increased risk of poor prognosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, the evidence surrounding the prognostic significance of albumin-based malnutritional indices in AIS patients receiving reperfusion therapy remains insufficient. We aimed to explore prognostic value of the controlling nutritional status score (CONUT), prognostic nutritional index score (PNI), and neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) on short-term outcome of AIS patients undergoing reperfusion therapy.

eIF2α Kinases Involve in the Regulation of VSV Replication Through CHOP in SMMC7721 Cells.

Previous studies have shown that eIF2α kinases involved in viral replication through eIF2α phosphorylation upon vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) infection. The oncotherapy approach of VSV is based on its inducing controlled apoptosis in tumor cells. In this study, we explorated the role of eIF2α kinases in VSV replication and CHOP expression in SMMC7721 cell lines.

Optimization strategies for suppressing instrumentation drift effects in measurements.

Environmental factors, such as temperature-induced drift of devices or objects under test, adversely affect measurement accuracy. To address the suppression of low-frequency disturbing in long-range surface profiler measurements, traditional forward-backward sequential scanning partially mitigates drift, since this method's drift error suppression relies on the principle of measurement averaging, it demonstrates limited suppression effectiveness against nonlinear low-frequency drift and suffers from low measurement efficiency. Inspired by the mechanism of LIA in weak signal detection-where signals outside the reference frequency are doubled in frequency through correlation detection and subsequently suppressed by LPF, we propose shifting the suppression strategy from simple mean-value cancellation to altering the frequency-domain characteristics of drift.

Impact of alkyl chain length of self-assembly of aminoalkyl cellulose.

Aminoalkyl cellulose derivatives are bioactive polymers that have demonstrated important application as nanomicelles in biomedicines. However, the self-assembly behavior of aminoalkyl cellulose into nano micelles remains unclear. In this study, aminoalkyl cellulose with different degree of substitution (0.

Mechanistic study on the alleviation of oxidative stress-induced senescence in nucleus pulposus cells by CRT and the application of its ER-targeted derivative materials.

Oxidative stress-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) plays a pivotal role in the senescence and degeneration of nucleus pulposus cells, and currently, no effective therapeutic options exist for intervertebral disc degeneration. The limited self-repair capacity of nucleus pulposus cells hampers their ability to recover, even after the removal of oxidative stressors. Consequently, the identification of cytokines capable of effectively mitigating ERS induced by cellular oxidative stress is of paramount importance for the repair of intervertebral discs.

Dual-layer spectral detector CT: a non-invasive tool for simultaneously predicting Ki-67 proliferation status and p53 mutations in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Objectives: To evaluate the value of dual-layer spectral detector CT (DLCT) for predicting Ki-67 proliferation status and p53 mutations in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Materials & Methods: This retrospective study included untreated patients with pathologically confirmed PDAC who underwent DLCT between June 2019 and September 2023. Independent relevant clinical-radiological features and quantitative parameters for predicting Ki-67 proliferation status and p53 mutations were identified using multivariate logistic regression analysis.

The Photodegradation Process of PP Plastics in Tidal Flat Environments: The Role and Mechanism of Chloride Ions.

Mudflats are sites of plastic accumulation and a source of microplastics. Moreover, light and chloride ions are important factors affecting plastic aging and microplastic formation in mudflat zones. In this study, the role and mechanism of Cl in the photodegradation process of polypropylene (PP) in the mudflat environment were investigated by laboratory simulations and field verification.

Dynamic changes of rice sheath non-structural carbohydrates and source-sink balance under elevated atmospheric CO concentration and temperature stresses.

Rising CO levels and temperatures significantly affect rice yield and quality by altering key physiological processes. As vital carbon reserves, non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) maintain the source-sink balance, directly influencing grain filling and food security. This study simulated high CO and temperature conditions using open-top chambers with four treatment groups: control (ACT, ambient CO at 415 ppm and temperature), elevated CO (EC, 600 ppm CO), elevated temperature (ET, ambient +2 °C), and combined CO and temperature elevation (ECT, 600 ppm CO +2 °C).

Metabolomic Analysis Provides Insights into Bud Paradormancy in cv. Huangdan.

Bud paradormancy has been widely studied in perennial deciduous woody species, but little attention has been paid to paradormancy set and release in perennial evergreen tree species. Here, shoot bud paradormancy in cv. Huangdan was studied by untargeted metabolomics.

OsCPK9-mediated Thr105 phosphorylation activates OsCATC to enhance drought tolerance in rice.

Introduction: Drought poses a significant environmental challenge, disrupting plant growth and reducing crop productivity. As sensors and effectors in calcium signaling, calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) regulate plant development and environmental adaptation. However, the specific roles and molecular networks of many OsCPKs in rice adaptation to abiotic stress remain to be elucidated.

Genus-Wide Pan-Genome Analysis of Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase Genes and Their Related Kinases Highlights the Complexity of Protein Domain Architectures and Expression Dynamics.

The genus serves not only as a gene pool for rice improvement but also as a model system for plant evolutionary research. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) function as both effectors and sensors in calcium signaling and play versatile roles in plant development and stress responses. Four kinase families, namely CPK-related kinases (CRKs), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase kinases (PPCKs), PPCK-related kinases (PEPRKs), and calcium- and calmodulin-dependent kinases (CCaMKs), are frequently called CPK-related kinases.

TaPP2C-a6 interacts with TaDOG1Ls and regulates seed dormancy and germination in wheat.

Modern wheat cultivation requires seed to germinate rapidly and uniformly with weak dormancy. However, such varieties tend to undergo pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) if the harvest overlaps with the rainy season, causing substantial yield losses. Knowledge regarding the mechanisms of seed dormancy in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.

Effects of photobiomodulation on the sleep quality and quality of life of night-shift nurses.

Quality of life (QoL) and sleep quality are critical to the well-being of night-shift nurses. This study evaluates the therapeutic effects of an 830 nm laser array on QoL and sleep quality among this population. A total of 60 night-shift nurses participated in the study.

TaPP2C-a5 fine-tunes wheat seed dormancy and germination with a Triticeae-specific, alternatively spliced transcript.

Introduction: The sessile plants often experience environmental conditions not ideal for growth, and therefore have evolved strategies to survive and adapt to stress conditions. Abscisic acid (ABA) regulates plant development and abiotic stress response. Clade A type 2C protein phosphatases (PP2Cs), act as co-receptors of ABA, negatively regulate ABA signalling.

The Purification and Characterization of a Novel Neutral Protease from Fruiting Bodies and the Enzymatic Digestion of Soybean Isolates.

A novel protease was isolated from the fruiting bodies of the straw mushroom . The protease was purified 13.48-fold using a series of techniques, including ammonium sulfate precipitation, ultrafiltration, diethylaminoethyl fast-flow (DEAE FF) ion-exchange chromatography, and Superdex 75 gel filtration chromatography, resulting in a specific enzyme activity of 286.

Comparison of the Bacterial and Fungal Communities and Metabolic Functions of Cottonseed Hull Waste Compost Associated with High and Low Yields of Straw Mushroom .

was grown on cottonseed hull waste compost and divided into high-yield (HBE) and low-yield (LBE) conditions. Gene sequencing was used to examine bacterial and fungal populations during cottonseed husk waste composting. At the end of fermentation, the dominant bacterial genera in the HBE compost were and while and were more abundant in the LBE compost.

Hybrid deep learning downscaling of GCMs for climate impact assessment and future projections in Oman.

Accurate downscaling of global circulation models (GCMs) is critical for assessing the impacts of climate change and water resources management. In this research, Fourteen GCMs were evaluated through a Taylor diagram, including EC-Earth3-CC, ACCESS-CM2, AWI-ESM-1-1-LR, BCC-ESM1, CanESM5, IITM-ESM, MPI ESM1-2HR, INM-CM5-0, IPSL-CM5A2-INCA, KIOST-ESM, NorCPM1, NorESM2-MM, TaiESM1, and ACCESS-ESM1-5. IITM-ESM showed the best performance, making it the preferred model for future climate studies.

Influence and mechanism of NaOH concentration on the dissolution of cellulose and extraction of CNF in alkaline solvents at 15 °C.

Alkaline aqueous solutions facilitate the rapid extraction of high-performance cellulose nanofiber (CNF) at 15 °C. However, the role and mechanism of NaOH in this process remain unclear. This study investigated the dissolution process of cellulose by controlling the NaOH concentration (1-7 wt%) at 15 °C and explored the effect and underlying mechanism of the NaOH concentration on cellulose dissolution in alkaline solvents.

Lignin and copper nanocomposite coating for antibacterial mask.

Lignin is a natural phenolic polymer characterized with renewable, sustainable and biocompatible, but yet remain underutilized. In the post-pandemic era, people are conventionally reusing mask but without any disinfections to prevent infection of virus in public places, which could lead to accumulation of bacteria and secondary infections. The development of antibacterial mask from lignin would simultaneously address the hygiene issues of used mask due to microbe accumulation and provide novel approach for lignin valorization.

ATRA-induced NEAT1 upregulation promotes autophagy during APL cell granulocytic differentiation.

Aims: Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) progresses quickly and often leads to early hemorrhagic death. Treatment with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) promotes differentiation of APL cells and clinical remission, making APL a potentially curable malignancy. Understanding how ATRA works may lead to new treatments for other types of leukemia.

Mechanism of Cu Ion Targeting Combined with an Organic Depressant To Enhance the Flotation Depression of Pyrite.

In this study, pyrite was used as the research object, and the behavior and mechanism of a copper-ion-enhanced organic depressant in depressing pyrite flotation were studied. Microflotation experiments showed that, after the addition of CuSO and ,-dimethyldithiocarbamate (,-DDS), the floating collection efficiency of pyrite declined from 82.37 to 21.