Arabidopsis RabGDIs mediate Rab targeting and are crucial for male gametophytic function.

Rab GTPases are key regulators of vesicular trafficking, not only switching between active and inactive forms but also cycling between donor/resident and target membranes, a process regulated by factors including guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (RabGDIs), whose function is largely unknown in plants. By reverse genetic approaches, we demonstrate that Arabidopsis RabGDIs redundantly mediate male fertility such that the functional loss of RabGDIs compromises pollen development, germination, and directional growth of pollen tubes. By combining cellular and pharmacological approaches, we demonstrate that RabGDIs are critical for the targeting of Rab GTPases not only in secretory but also in vacuolar pathways.

OsCPK9-mediated Thr105 phosphorylation activates OsCATC to enhance drought tolerance in rice.

Introduction: Drought poses a significant environmental challenge, disrupting plant growth and reducing crop productivity. As sensors and effectors in calcium signaling, calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) regulate plant development and environmental adaptation. However, the specific roles and molecular networks of many OsCPKs in rice adaptation to abiotic stress remain to be elucidated.

TaPP2C-a6 interacts with TaDOG1Ls and regulates seed dormancy and germination in wheat.

Modern wheat cultivation requires seed to germinate rapidly and uniformly with weak dormancy. However, such varieties tend to undergo pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) if the harvest overlaps with the rainy season, causing substantial yield losses. Knowledge regarding the mechanisms of seed dormancy in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.

TaPP2C-a5 fine-tunes wheat seed dormancy and germination with a Triticeae-specific, alternatively spliced transcript.

Introduction: The sessile plants often experience environmental conditions not ideal for growth, and therefore have evolved strategies to survive and adapt to stress conditions. Abscisic acid (ABA) regulates plant development and abiotic stress response. Clade A type 2C protein phosphatases (PP2Cs), act as co-receptors of ABA, negatively regulate ABA signalling.

Development of a chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA) for quantitating L1 protein in HPV vaccines.

The L1 protein serves as the principal capsid component of human papillomavirus (HPV). All globally commercialized HPV vaccines utilize virus-like particles (VLPs) formed through L1 protein self-assembly. Quantitative analysis of L1 protein concentration constitutes a critical parameter for evaluating the antigenic potency of HPV vaccines.

Respirator-inspired shielding and catalytic oxidation strategies for smoke-suppression polymers, enhancing fire safety.

Polymeric materials pose potential fire hazards to both humans and property because of their intrinsic flammability and the toxic smoke generated by them upon burning. Lowering the risk by relying on traditional firefighting approaches is not timely and sufficient. Herein, analogous to wearing intelligent and responsive respirators, we introduced a universal smoke-suppression and flame-retardant strategy for flammable materials by forming a shield for protection and catalytic oxidation of smoke.

The Histone Lysine Demethylase KDM7A Contributes to Reward Memory via Fscn1-Induced Synaptic Plasticity in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex.

Lysine demethylase 7A (KDM7A) catalyzes the removal of dimethylation from histone H3 lysine 9 and lysine 27, both of which are associated with transcription repression. Previous study indicates that Kdm7a mRNA in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) increases after drug exposure, yet its role in drug-related behaviors is largely unknown. In a morphine-conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm, these findings reveal a specific increase of Kdm7a expression in the mPFC 7 days after drug withdrawal.

Clinical features and prognosis analysis of stage III/IV patients with lung cancer after treatment with toripalimab: A real-world retrospective.

Aim: Toripalimab is the first antitumor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) antibody approved in China. For better patient management, it is important to understand the real-world outcomes of toripalimab in treating patients with lung cancer in the real world outside of clinical trials to improve patient care.

Methods: We retrospectively examined the clinical data of 80 patients with lung cancer who received the PD-1 inhibitor (toripalimab).

Glutamic-acid grafted hyaluronic acid inhibits inflammatory factors via fibroblast and skin model tests.

Background: Excessive inflammation may cause tissue damage and disrupt the function of the skin barrier. Hyaluronic acid (HA), an endogenous component, was found to regulate multiple inflammatory factors for skin health. This work aims to further enhance its efficacy by grafting amino acid onto its molecule.

Dopant effect on the optical and thermal properties of the 2D organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite (HDA)PbBr.

Lead-based two-dimensional organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites (2D HOIPs) are popular materials with various optical properties, which can be tuned through metal ion doping. Due to the size and valence misfit, metal ion dopants in 2D lead-based HOIPs are still limited. In this work, Mn, Sb and Bi are doped into 2D (HDA)PbBr (HDA = protonated dopamine) successfully.

A straight-forward gene mining strategy to identify TaCIPK19 as a new regulator of drought tolerance in wheat.

Drought stress is one of the most impactful abiotic stresses to global wheat production. Therefore, identifying key regulators such as the calcineurin B-like protein interacting protein kinase (CIPK) in the signaling cascades known to coordinate developmental cues and environmental stimuli represents a useful approach to improve drought tolerance. However, functional studies have been very limited partly due to the difficulties in prioritizing candidate genes from the large TaCIPK family.

Integrative gene duplication and genome-wide analysis as an approach to facilitate wheat reverse genetics: An example in the TaCIPK family.

Introduction: Reverse genetic studies conducted in the plant with a complex or polyploidy genome enriched with large gene families (like wheat) often meet challenges in identifying the key candidate genes related to important traits and prioritizing the genes for functional experiments.

Objective: To overcome the above-mentioned challenges of reverse genetics, this work aims to establish an efficient multi-species strategy for genome-wide gene identification and prioritization of the key candidate genes.

Methods: We established the integrative gene duplication and genome-wide analysis (iGG analysis) as a strategy for pinpointing key candidate genes deserving functional research.

Signaling between sporophytic integuments and developing female gametophyte during ovule development.

Ovules are precursors of seeds and contain sporophytic integuments and gametophytic embryo sac. In Arabidopsis, embryo sac development requires highly synchronized morphogenesis of integument such that defects in integument growth often accompanies with a block in megagametogenesis, indicating that integument instructs the development of female gametophytes. In this mini review, we discuss signaling pathways through which integument cells mediate embryo sac development.

Embryo sac development relies on symplastic signals from ovular integuments in Arabidopsis.

Ovules are female reproductive organs of angiosperms, consisting of sporophytic integuments surrounding female gametophytes, that is, embryo sacs. Synchronization between integument growth and embryo sac development requires intracellular communication. However, signaling routes through which cells of the two generations communicate are unclear.

BI.:A Comprehensive Review of Its Traditional Use, Botany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Pharmacokinetics.

Materials And Methods: This article collects information from relevant documents, including scientific papers, books, and dissertations concerning BI.

Results: To date, research on BI. has identified about 100 active compounds.

Combined effects of light pollution and vegetation height on behavior and body weight in a nocturnal rodent.

At a global scale, organisms are under threat due to various kinds of environmental changes, such as artificial light at night (ALAN), noise, climatic change and vegetation destruction. Usually, these changes co-vary in time and space and may take effect simultaneously. Although impacts of ALAN on biological processes have been well documented, our knowledge on the combined effects of ALAN and other environmental changes on animals remains limited.

Mussel-Inspired Two-Dimensional Halide Perovskite Facilitated Dopamine Polymerization and Self-Adhesive Photoelectric Coating.

Polydopamine (PDA) is a good adhesion agent for lots of gels inspired by the mussel, whereas hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) usually exhibit extraordinary optoelectronic performance. Herein, mussel-inspired chemistry has been integrated with two-dimensional HOIPs first, leading to the preparation of new crystal (HDA)PbBr () (DA = dopamine). The organic cation dopamine can be introduced into PDA resulting in a thin film of (HPDA)PbBr ().

An established protocol for generating transgenic wheat for wheat functional genomics particle bombardment.

Wheat is one of the most important food crops in the world and is considered one of the top targets in crop biotechnology. With the high-quality reference genomes of wheat and its relative species and the recent burst of genomic resources in Triticeae, demands to perform gene functional studies in wheat and genetic improvement have been rapidly increasing, requiring that production of transgenic wheat should become a routine technique. While established for more than 20 years, the particle bombardment-mediated wheat transformation has not become routine yet, with only a handful of labs being proficient in this technique.