OsCPK9-mediated Thr105 phosphorylation activates OsCATC to enhance drought tolerance in rice.

Introduction: Drought poses a significant environmental challenge, disrupting plant growth and reducing crop productivity. As sensors and effectors in calcium signaling, calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) regulate plant development and environmental adaptation. However, the specific roles and molecular networks of many OsCPKs in rice adaptation to abiotic stress remain to be elucidated.

Trypsin-instructed bioactive peptide nanodrugs with cascading transformations to improve chemotherapy against colon cancer.

Chemotherapy remains an effective treatment for colon cancer but is hampered by its limited response rate. Bioactive peptides, marked with intracellular transformations, have been reported as an effective approach to boosting chemotherapeutic activity. Herein, a promising trypsin-responsive bioactive peptide-based nanodrug is constructed, which could significantly prolong the drug retention time in vivo by cascading transformations and improve chemotherapeutic efficacy.

A broad neutralizing nanobody against SARS-CoV-2 engineered from an approved drug.

SARS-CoV-2 infection is initiated by Spike glycoprotein binding to the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor via its receptor binding domain. Blocking this interaction has been proven to be an effective approach to inhibit virus infection. Here we report the discovery of a neutralizing nanobody named VHH60, which was directly produced from an engineering nanobody library based on a commercialized nanobody within a very short period.

[Preparation and characterization of co-loaded indocyanine green and elemene nano-emulsion in situ gel and its effect on proliferation of breast cancer MCF-7 cells].

This study aims to prepare co-loaded indocyanine green(ICG) and elemene(ELE) nano-emulsion(NE) in situ gel(ICG-ELE-NE-gel) and evaluate its physicochemical properties and antitumor activity in vitro. ICG-ELE-NE-gel was prepared by aqueous phase titration and cold solution methods, followed by characterization of the morphology, particle size, corrosion, and photothermal conversion characteristics. The human breast cancer MCF-7 cells were taken as the model, combined with 808 nm laser irradia-tion.

Peptide-drug co-assembling: A potent armament against cancer.

Cancer is still one of the major problems threatening human health and the therapeutical efficacies of available treatment choices are often rather low. Due to their favorable biocompatibility, simplicity of modification, and improved therapeutic efficacy, peptide-based self-assembled delivery systems have undergone significant evolution. Physical encapsulation and covalent conjugation are two common approaches to load drugs for peptide assembly-based delivery, which are always associated with drug leaks in the blood circulation system or changed pharmacological activities, respectively.

Comprehensive Analyses of Breads Supplemented with Tannic Acids.

Tannic acid (TA) has been recently considered as a new dough additive for improving the bread-making quality of wheat. However, the effects of TA supplementation on the sensory quality parameters (color, crumb grain structure, and sensory properties) of bread have not been studied. Further, the potential of TA supplementation in bread-making quality improvement has not been evaluated by using commercial flour.

Integrative gene duplication and genome-wide analysis as an approach to facilitate wheat reverse genetics: An example in the TaCIPK family.

Introduction: Reverse genetic studies conducted in the plant with a complex or polyploidy genome enriched with large gene families (like wheat) often meet challenges in identifying the key candidate genes related to important traits and prioritizing the genes for functional experiments.

Objective: To overcome the above-mentioned challenges of reverse genetics, this work aims to establish an efficient multi-species strategy for genome-wide gene identification and prioritization of the key candidate genes.

Methods: We established the integrative gene duplication and genome-wide analysis (iGG analysis) as a strategy for pinpointing key candidate genes deserving functional research.

The additive interactions between high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits and tannic acid improve the wheat quality.

Wheat gluten proteins, especially high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS), are the main contributor to flour processing quality. Tannic acid (TA) consisting of a central glucose unit and ten gallic acid molecules is a phenolic acid that improves the processing quality. However, the underlying mechanism of TA's improvement remains largely unknown.

Thermo-sensitive injectable hydrogel loading with elemene-loaded liposomes for enhanced anti-tumor effect.

Due to the heterogeneity and the complexity of the tumor microenvironment, combination therapy, especially the combination of chemotherapy and photothermal therapy (PTT), had received increasing attention. However, the co-delivery of small molecule drugs for chemotherapy and photothermal agents was a key issue. Herein, we prepared a novel thermo-sensitive hydrogel loading with elemene (ELE)-loaded and nano graphene oxide (NGO)-based liposomes for enhanced combined therapy.

Injectable intelligent thermo-responsive hydrogel with glycyrrhetinic acid-conjugated nano graphene oxide for chemo-photothermal therapy of malignant hepatocellular tumor.

Malignant tumor is one of the major diseases with high morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study is to prepare berberine hydrochloride (BH) thermo-sensitive hydrogel based on glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) modified nano graphene oxide (NGO) (GA-BH-NGO-gel). NGO was taken as the photosensitizer, GA was taken as the target molecule, and BH was taken as the model drug.

Conservation and Divergence of () Gene Family between Wheat and Rice.

The () gene family affects plant architecture, panicle structure, and grain development, representing key genes for crop improvements. The objective of the present study is to utilize the well characterized s' functions in rice to facilitate the functional genomics of genes. To achieve these goals, we combined several approaches, including genome-wide analysis of s, comparative genomic analysis, expression profiling, and functional study of in rice.

TRPM2-AS Promotes Bladder Cancer by Targeting miR-22-3p and Regulating GINS2 mRNA Expression.

Background: Bladder cancer (BLCA) refers to the malignancy growth that spreads from the bladder linings to the bladder muscles. However, the impact of miR-22-3p and lncRNA TRPM2-AS on this tumor has generated divergent views in the literature. This research aimed to study the effects of lncRNA TRPM2-AS on BLCA and its interaction with miR-22-3p and GINS2 mRNA.

MiR-582-5p Inhibits Bladder Cancer-Genesis by Suppressing TTK Expression.

Background: Bladder cancer (BC) refers to the malignant growth found in the cells and tissues of the urinary bladder. While many studies have researched the progression of BC, scientists are yet to fully understand the mechanism of BC. This research aimed to explore the role of miR-582-5p and its target gene TTK in BC pathogenesis.

TaSPL13 regulates inflorescence architecture and development in transgenic wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

The SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein-like (SPL) proteins play vital roles in plant growth and development in rice (Oryza sative L.) and Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.

Therapeutic Potential of Diosgenin and Its Major Derivatives against Neurological Diseases: Recent Advances.

Diosgenin (DG), a well-known steroidal sapogenin, is present abundantly in medicinal herbs such as , , , , and . DG is utilized as a major starting material for the production of steroidal drugs in the pharmaceutical industry. Due to its wide range of pharmacological activities and medicinal properties, it has been used in the treatment of cancers, hyperlipidemia, inflammation, and infections.

Effects of an Additional Cysteine Residue of Avenin-like b Protein by Site-Directed Mutagenesis on Dough Properties in Wheat ( L.).

Avenin-like b protein is rich in cysteine residues, providing the possibility to form intermolecular disulfide bonds and then participate in glutenin polymerization. Site-directed mutagenesis was adopted to produce mutant gene encoding mutant avenin-like b protein, in which one tyrosine codon at the C-terminal is substituted by a cysteine codon. Compared with the control lines, both transgenic lines with wild-type and mutant genes demonstrated superior dough properties.

Therapeutic effects of curcumin nanoemulsions on prostate cancer.

The therapeutic potential of curcumin (Cur) is hampered by its poor aqueous solubility and low bioavailability. The aim of this study was to determine whether Cur nanoemulsions enhance the efficacy of Cur against prostate cancer cells and increase the oral absorption of Cur. Cur nanoemulsions were developed using the self-microemulsifying method and characterized by their morphology, droplet size and zeta potential.

Survey and Risk Factors for Lower Urinary Tract Storage Symptoms in Middle-Aged and Older Stroke Patients in Urban China.

Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence and associated risk factors of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in people with stroke. This was the first study that systematically surveyed the risk factors for LUTS in people with various lengths of stroke history in urban Chinese communities.

Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional study was performed on 1404 residents aged over 40 years, randomly selected in the urban area of Zhengzhou, China.

Purity Assessment of Aryltetralin Lactone Lignans by Quantitative 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance.

In the present work, a quantitative 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (qHNMR) was established for purity assessment of six aryltetralin lactone lignans. The validation of the method was carried out, including specificity, selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, and robustness. Several experimental parameters were optimized, including relaxation delay (D1), scan numbers (NS), and pulse angle.

Chloride intracellular channel 1 regulates prostate cancer cell proliferation and migration through the MAPK/ERK pathway.

Unlabelled: Abstract Aims: To investigate the effect of chloride intracellular channel 1 (CLIC1) on the proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of prostate cancer cell lines PC-3 and DU145 and the possible molecular mechanisms.

Materials And Methods: Using the technique of RNA interference, the expression of CLIC1 was downregulated in the PC-3 and DU145 cell lines. MTT assay, Transwell chamber, and flow cytometry were used to determine the effect of CLIC1 on the proliferation, migration, and apoptosis ability of PC-3 and DU145 cells.

Isolation of two new prenylated flavonoids from Sinopodophyllum emodi fruit by silica gel column and high-speed counter-current chromatography.

Two new prenylated flavonoids, sinoflavonoids A-B, were isolated from the dried fruits of Sinopodophyllum emodi by silica gel column chromatography (SGCC) and high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC). The 95% ethanol extract was partitioned with petroleum ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol in water, respectively. The ethyl acetate fraction was pre-separated by SGCC with a petroleum ether-acetone gradient.

[Study on preparation and optimization of saikoside liposomes].

Objective: To optimize the prescription and technique for preparing saikoside (SS) liposomes and evaluate its quality.

Methods: The preparation methods of liposomes included film dispersion, ether injection, reverse phase evaporation and pH gradients were explored. The encapsulation ratio was determined by macroreticular resin method.

Effect of pluronic P123 and F127 block copolymer on P-glycoprotein transport and CYP3A metabolism.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of pluronic P123 (P123) and pluronic F127 (F127) on intestinal P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and cytochrome P450 3A using the specific substrates rhodamine-123 (R-123) and midazolam, respectively. Caco-2 cells and everted gut sacs were used as models of intestinal mucosa to assess intestinal absorption of R-123, while rat intestinal microsomes were utilized to examine the effect of P123 and F127 on in vitro midazolam metabolism. P123 and F127 were observed to increase the intracellular accumulation of R-123 in Caco-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner.

Cell adhesion and locomotion on microwell-structured glass substrates.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of microstructured material surface on cell adhesion and locomotion in real-time. ArF excimer laser direct-writing ablation was used to fabricate microwell patterns with precise control of size and spacing on glass. The influence of the ablation process parameters (laser fluence, pulse number and repetition rate) on the micromachining quality (depth, width, aspect ratio and edge effects) of the microwells was established.

Inhibitive effect of cremophor RH40 or tween 80-based self-microemulsiflying drug delivery system on cytochrome P450 3A enzymes in murine hepatocytes.

This study examined the effect of self-microemulsiflying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) containing Cremophor RH40 or Tween 80 at various dilutions on cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) enzymes in rat hepatocytes, with midazolam serving as a CYP3A substrate. The particle size and zeta potential of microemulsions were evaluated upon dilution with aqueous medium. In vitro release was detected by a dialysis method in reverse.