Trap-loss fluorescence spectroscopy of cesium magneto-optical trap with single-photon Rydberg excitation and the background electric field measurement and regulation.

Calibration and compensation of the background electric fields in the vicinity of the cold atomic ensemble are critically vital, for achieving quantum computing, quantum simulation, and precision measurement. Here the work presents and demonstrates a straightforward method for measuring and compensation of the background electric field by means of the trap-loss fluorescence spectroscopy (TLFS) of cesium (Cs) magneto-optical trap (MOT) with the Rydberg P states with principal quantum numbers from 71 to 85. In our experiment, TLFS is induced by single-photon Rydberg excitation with a Cs MOT, utilizing a 319 nm ultraviolet (UV) laser characterized by narrow linewidth (less than 6 kHz), continuous fine-tuning of 1 GHZ, and ultra-low-intensity noise (the intensity fluctuates approximately ±0.

Histopathological and ultrastructural changes in different cell types during ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.

Stroke is a disease of the central nervous system that leads to high rates of morbidity and mortality, along with limited treatment options. This condition is frequently linked to pathologic alterations at the ultrastructural level within diverse neuronal components, including cell bodies, neurites, and synapses, as well as in glial cells like astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes. These changes include alterations in the shape and size of cell bodies, disruption of neurites, and changes in the density and distribution of synapses.

Rev‑erbα: The circadian guardian against NLRP3‑driven liver fibrosis.

Liver fibrosis is a pivotal pathological process in the progression of various chronic liver diseases toward cirrhosis, primarily driven by the activation of hepatic stellate cells. Recent studies have implicated dysregulation of circadian clock genes in the pathogenesis of hepatic disorders. The present investigation focused on the role of the circadian regulator nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1 (Rev‑erbα) in liver fibrosis and its mechanistic interplay with the NLR family domain containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome.

Dynamic changes in chromatin accessibility within one month of mouse intracerebral hemorrhage.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe stroke subtype associated with high mortality and disability. Understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms behind ICH is vital for developing effective therapeutic interventions. We utilized a single-nucleus assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (snATAC-seq) to profile changes in chromatin accessibility over the first month following ICH in murine models.

Association between serum carotenoid levels and gallstones in adults: a cross-sectional study using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Background: Carotenoids, known for their antioxidant properties and potential health benefits, have attracted considerable attention. Nonetheless, the association between carotenoid levels and gallstone prevalence has not been adequately explored. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum carotenoid levels and gallstone risk in an adult population.

Discovery of Indole-3-acetamide Derivatives as Potent Transketolase-Inhibiting-Based Herbicidal Leads.

Transketolase (TKL; EC 2.2.1.

DOSE-L1000-Viz: an interactive Shiny application for dose-response transcriptomic analysis, target-centric exploration, and signature search.

Summary: Understanding how small molecules perturb gene expression is critical for guiding drug discovery. We present DOSE-L1000-Viz, a Shiny application that facilitates comprehensive exploration of compound-induced transcriptomic responses across doses, time points, and cell types. Powered by a dose-response database, DOSE-L1000-Viz features interactive visualization, target-centric compound ranking based on efficacy and potency, and a signature search module using reference gene sets derived from generalized additive models.

Engineering gene expression dynamics via self-amplifying RNA with drug-responsive non-structural proteins.

The design of gene therapies with drug-regulatable expression of therapeutic payloads is of interest for diverse applications. We hypothesized that a regulated expression system based on alphavirus-derived self-amplifying RNAs (saRNAs), which encode 4 non-structural proteins (nsPs) that copy the RNA backbone to enable sustained expression, would have advantages in safety and simplicity of delivery. Here we designed saRNAs where payload expression is regulated by the FDA-approved drug trimethoprim (TMP), by fusing TMP-responsive degradation domains (DDs) to nsPs to regulate RNA self-amplification.

The game theory analysis of homestead use right circulation income distribution under the context of the separation of three powers.

Reasonable distribution of income from the circulation of homestead is the foundation for revitalizing idle rural homesteads. This study constructs a game relationship among villagers, village collectives, and intended parties, with the help of game theory, and discusses the issues about generation logic of circulation income distribution, the bargaining power and so on. It reveals the reasons and conditions for emergence of income distribution, appropriate way of distribution, and the mechanism by which bargaining power affects income distribution.

Spatiotemporal transcriptomic maps of mouse intracerebral hemorrhage at single-cell resolution.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a prevalent disease with high mortality. Despite advances in clinical care, the prognosis of ICH remains poor due to an incomplete understanding of the complex pathological processes. To address this challenge, we generated single-cell-resolution spatiotemporal transcriptomic maps of the mouse brain following ICH.

A Nomogram Predicts the Risk Factors for Post-Traumatic Cerebral Infarction in Polytrauma Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury.

Post-traumatic cerebral infarction (PTCI) is a significant complication in polytrauma patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Identifying high-risk patients for early intervention is crucial. This study aims to investigate the independent risk factors for PTCI in polytrauma patients with TBI to establish and validate a prediction model.

ComBat-met: adjusting batch effects in DNA methylation data.

Integration of genomics data is routinely hindered by unwanted technical variations known as batch effects. Despite wide availability, existing batch correction methods often fall short in capturing the unique characteristics of DNA methylation data. We present ComBat-met, a beta regression framework to adjust batch effects in DNA methylation studies.

Camellia Japonica Radix modulates gut microbiota and 9(S)-HpODE-mediated ferroptosis to alleviate oxidative stress against MASLD.

Background: Camellia japonica radix (CJR), derived from the root of Camellia japonica L., has the potential to function as an herbal tea substitute for the prevention and intervention of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). It can provide systemic therapeutic benefits, boast a favorable safety profile, facilitate convenient consumption, and support long-term applicability.

Distribution of Intranasally Administered rIL-10 Along the Olfactory Nerve and Perivascular Space After Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Rationale: The utilization of anti-inflammatory therapy for treating brain diseases holds promise; however, research on intranasal administration of drug compounds remains limited. Quantitative data, particularly pharmacokinetics, are scant, and direct evidence of the distribution of intranasally administered recombinant interleukin 10 (rIL-10) within the brain is lacking.

Methods: Employing fluorescent labeling, in vivo imaging, and confocal microscopy, we meticulously monitored the distribution and delivery pathways of intranasally administered rIL-10 in the brain.

Ursolic Acid Modulates Estrogen Conversion to Relieve Inflammation in Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease via HSD17B14.

Background And Aims: The incidence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has been escalating annually, positioning it as the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Ursolic acid has demonstrated promising therapeutic efficacy in managing MASLD, thereby justifying the need for an in-depth exploration of its pharmacological mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate elucidate the therapeutic mechanisms by which ursolic acid modulates estrogen conversion in the treatment of MASLD.

Saikosaponin D, a triterpene saponin from , restores circadian rhythm and attenuates hepatic fibrosis via Esr1-Per2 axis.

Hepatic fibrosis, a precursor to chronic liver diseases, is linked to circadian rhythm disruptions. This study investigates the anti-fibrotic effects of saikosaponin D (SSd) from . and its regulation of circadian genes.

AX-024 Inhibits Antigen-Specific T-Cell Response and Improves Intracerebral Hemorrhage Outcomes in Mice.

Background: Stroke-induced opposite T-cell responses in the peri-lesion area and periphery worsen stroke outcomes by aggravating brain injury or increasing infectious complications, respectively. Despite their well-known role in T lymphocyte activation, the impact of TCRs (T-cell receptors) on stroke remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the causal link between TCRs and the opposite T-cell responses observed in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Spin alignment based Rb-87 magnetometry with free spin precession.

Spin alignment based Rb-87 magnetometry with free spin precession has been proposed. A 795-nm linearly polarized laser beam, serving as the pump beam and the probe beam, propagates through a cylindrical Rb-87 enriched atomic vapor cell along the Z axis, with the polarization orientation aligned along the Y axis. Simultaneously, the static magnetic field B0⃗ is applied along the Y axis, and the π/2 pulse radio-frequency (RF) magnetic field BRF⃗ is applied along the Z axis.

MTFR2 promotes endometrial carcinoma cell proliferation and growth via the miR-132-3p/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Objective: Understanding the mechanisms underlying endometrial cancer progression is crucial for the development of effective targeted therapies. In this study, we investigated the role of MTFR2 in endometrial cancer cell.

Methods: The expression of MTFR2 in endometrial cancer was analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset and detected in endometrial cancer tissues and cells, respectively.

Humanized rodent models of neurodegenerative diseases and other brain disorders.

Central Nervous System (CNS) diseases significantly affect human health. However, replicating the onset, progression, and pathology of these diseases in rodents is challenging. To address this issue, researchers have developed humanized animal models.

Hippocampal sclerosis: A review on current research status and its mechanisms.

Hippocampal sclerosis (HS) is a pathological condition characterized by significant loss of hippocampal neurons and gliosis. This condition represents the most common neuropathological change observed in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and is also found in aging individuals. TLE related to HS is the most prevalent type of drug-resistant epilepsy in adults, and its underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood.

Comparison of lignin degradation and flavor compound formation in roasted tobacco by two strains.

Two strains of designated YY-10 and BY-2, were isolated from the surface of tobacco and found to be capable of significant lignin degradation. The predominant lignin-degrading enzymes produced by these strains were lignin peroxidase (LiP) and manganese peroxidase (MnP), respectively. A notable distinction was observed in the organoleptic evaluation and volatile flavor compounds, as determined by sensory evaluation and GC-MS analysis.

Adropin: a key player in immune cell homeostasis and regulation of inflammation in several diseases.

Adropin is a secreted peptide encoded by the energy homeostasis-associated gene (ENHO), located chromosome 9p13.3, with a conserved amino acid sequence across humans and mice. Its expression is regulated by various factors, including fat, LXRα, ERα, ROR, and STAT3.

NTHi killing activity is reduced in COPD patients and is associated with a differential microbiome.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic lung disease characterized by airway obstruction and inflammation. Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) lung infections are common in COPD, promoting frequent exacerbations and accelerated lung function decline. The relationship with immune responses and NTHi are poorly understood.

Safety and Efficacy of Remote Ischemic Conditioning in Patients With Intravenous Thrombolysis: The SERIC-IVT Trial.

Background: Approximately half of the patients with acute ischemic stroke who receive intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) do not achieve an excellent outcome. Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) as a promising neuroprotective treatment may improve clinical outcomes in this population. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of RIC in patients with IVT.