Evaluating the role of Kasai portoenterostomy in biliary atresia older than 90 days.

Purpose: Biliary atresia (BA) patients presenting after 90 days of age face contentious treatment decisions between Kasai portoenterostomy and direct liver transplantation. This study evaluated outcomes of Kasai portoenterostomy in older BA patients to inform therapeutic decision-making.

Methods: A retrospective multicenter study analyzed 32 BA patients who underwent Kasai portoenterostomy beyond 90 days of age.

Differential placebo effect of sham acupuncture for chronic pain: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: The clinical effects of acupuncture are often underestimated due to the placebo effect of sham acupuncture. While multiple sham acupuncture methods have been used in clinical practice, it is challenging to select the appropriate sham acupuncture technique due to the lack of head-to-head trials.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the differential placebo effects of diverse sham acupuncture interventions, providing evidence-based guidance for selecting optimal placebo controls in clinical practice.

Lateral Molar Approach-Driven Transoral Endoscopic Procedure for Benign Infratemporal Fossa Tumor Resection.

Benign infratemporal fossa tumors necessitate complete resection while preserving neurovascular integrity. Conventional open approaches risk delayed bone healing, occlusal dysfunction, severe facial scarring, and iatrogenic neurovascular injury. We propose an endoscopic-assisted plasma ablation technique via a lateral molar transoral approach to address these limitations.

Clinical guideline on the open arthrolysis for posttraumatic elbow stiffness in adult patients.

Background: Posttraumatic elbow stiffness poses significant clinical challenges for upper limb surgeons and severely impairs patients' ability to perform essential daily activities, including eating, dressing, and personal hygiene, thereby imposing substantial socioeconomic burdens. Open arthrolysis is widely employed when conservative therapies fail, yet current literatures demonstrate considerable heterogeneity in treatment concepts, surgical techniques, and perioperative management. This evidence-based clinical practice guideline aims to standardize treatment profiles and improve surgical outcomes for open arthrolysis of posttraumatic elbow stiffness in adult patients globally.

Observation of Kibble-Zurek Behavior across Topological Transitions of a Chern Band in Ultracold Atoms.

The Kibble-Zurek (KZ) mechanism renders a theoretical framework for elucidating the formation of topological defects across continuous phase transitions. Nevertheless, it is not immediately clear whether the KZ mechanism applies to topological phase transitions. The direct experimental study for such a topic is hindered by quenching a certain parameter over orders of magnitude in topological materials.

Research on the impact of climate change on food security in Africa.

Global warming and the rising frequency of extreme climate events pose significant threats to food security. We examine the influence of climate change on food security in Sub-Saharan Africa, with a specific emphasis on four key crops: maize, rice, wheat, and soybeans. We employ a random forest model to estimate spatial and temporal yield trends based on climate variables, land‑use patterns, and irrigation ratios.

Pathophysiological Insights Into the Role of Osteoclasts in Osteoarthritis: Mechanisms, Therapeutic Targets, and Future Directions.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent musculoskeletal issue. In the absence of effective pharmacological interventions, advanced stages of this disease frequently necessitate joint replacement surgery, thereby imposing a substantial socioeconomic burden. An increasing number of studies suggest that subchondral bone osteoclasts are crucial for the onset of arthritis, even before the formation of cartilage lesions.

Potential Benefit with Acupuncture in Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Many patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) seek complementary and alternative therapies to improve gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. Research on the use of acupuncture to improve GI symptoms has been growing, but the results have been inconsistent.

Objective: To provide a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of acupuncture-based treatment for FGIDs using the latest data and a rigorous evaluation system.

Effects of dietary supplementation with periplaneta americana-derived antimicrobial peptides on (PA-AMPs) growth performance, immune function, and gut health in yellow-feathered broilers.

This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the effects of American cockroach antimicrobial peptide (PA-AMPs) on yellow-feathered broilers. Three hundred one-day-old yellow-feathered broilers were randomly divided into five groups: the control group (CON) fed a basal diet, three PA-AMPs treatment groups with 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 300 mg/kg PA-AMPs added to the basal diet respectively, and the ARY group with 20 mg/kg chlortetracycline in the basal diet. Each group had six replicates of 10 chickens each, and the experiment lasted for 70 days.

gene from two-component system is essential for caries pathogenicity in dual-species biofilms of and .

Introduction: This study elucidated the critical role of the gene in the () two-component signal (TCS) transduction system during cross-kingdom interactions with (). This gene governs the cariogenic potential of dual-species biofilms.

Methods: Gene expression analysis of cocultured samples was performed.

Modulating the electronic state of Ni active sites in medium-entropy borides for enhanced water oxidation performance.

Medium-entropy materials (MEMs) have attracted significant attention for electrocatalytic water oxidation due to their exceptional physicochemical properties. However, limited efforts have been made to elucidate the origins of their extraordinary activity and the intricacies of their atomic arrangements. Herein, we present a novel magnetic field-assisted interface co-assembly approach for synthesizing CoFeNiMnB nanochains (Mn-MEB), effectively overcoming the immiscibility challenges associated with combining multiple metal elements.

Poor Collateralization in T2DM: Role of SLC4A10+ MAIT Cells.

Background: Type 2 diabetes is strongly associated with impaired collateralization, which increases the risk of cardiovascular complications, such as myocardial infarction and heart failure. This study explored the immune cell dynamics in patients with type 2 diabetes with chronic total occlusion and their impact on collateralization.

Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were extracted from patients with type 2 diabetes with chronic total occlusion, exhibiting either good or poor collateralization.

Research on non-destructive detection of chilled meat quality based on hyperspectral technology combined with different data processing methods.

This study utilized hyperspectral technology in conjunction with chemometric methods for the non-destructive assessment of chilled meat quality. Average spectra were extracted from regions of interest within hyperspectral images and further optimized using seven preprocessing techniques: S-G, SNV, MSC, 1st DER, 2nd DER, S-G combined with SNV, and S-G combined with MSC. These optimized spectra were then incorporated into PLSR and BPNN models to predict TVB-N and TVC.

Integrated Analysis of Single-Cell and Bulk RNA Sequencing Data Reveals Cellular Senescence-Related Signatures Predicting New Potential Therapeutic Drugs in Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Three human bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) datasets from the GEO database, comprising liver tissues from 76 patients with hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and 80 controls, were analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes related to cellular senescence (DEG-CSRGs). A total of 19 DEG-CSRGs were identified out of 866 cellular senescence-related genes, and key hub genes (e.g.

Threat-related attentional bias in individuals with different looming cognitive styles: An ERP study.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of looming cognitive styles (LCS) on threat-related attentional bias by comparing the characteristics of threatening and neutral images in subjects with different LCS.

Methods: The Looming Maladaptive Style Questionnaire (LMSQ) was administered to 200 college students to assess their anxiety vulnerability. Based on their scores, participants were categorized into high looming cognitive style (high-LCS) and low looming cognitive style (low-LCS) groups.

Reed biochar by microwave-assisted pyrolysis for the removal of tetracycline in water.

This study uses reed straw and phosphoric acid to synthesize reed biochar and modified reed biochar through tubular furnace pyrolysis and microwave-assisted pyrolysis, respectively. The effects of pyrolysis temperature and phosphorous acid on the structure, composition, porosity, and adsorption performance of tetracycline (TC) were further investigated. The results showed that the modified biochar prepared by microwave-assisted pyrolysis had better performance.

Intelligent excitation adaptability for full-spectrum real-time vibration isolation.

Vibration isolation systems frequently face challenges in varying environments due to their inherent resonance effects and responsive delays. Here, we report an intelligent excitation-adaptative vibration isolation (IEA-VI) architecture that mimics the biological adaptive mechanism of human muscle, enabling real-time stiffness adjustment to mitigate variable environmental impacts through sensing, processing, and controlling modules. The IEA-VI system operates in high-static-low-dynamic-stiffness and high-dynamic-stiffness modes, capable of intelligent on-demand mode switching.

Diagnostic accuracy evaluation of individual or combinational fecal immunochemical test, M3 gene, KRAS mutation and tumor methylation burden in colorectal carcinoma.

Objective: This study is aimed to develop multivariate prediction method in colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis.

Methodology: M3 gene expression was determined using Fecal DNA extraction kits and performed by qRT-PCR. Methylation-burden and KRAS-mutation were detected by using the corresponding kits.

Dy-Cu-Sn Triple-Doped Yttrium Iron Garnet: Enhanced Magnetism and Dielectrics for Microwave Devices.

Yttrium iron garnet (YIG), a typical ferrimagnetic oxide with unique spin-wave properties, is widely used in microwave and optoelectronic applications due to its strong Faraday rotation, low optical loss, and high Curie temperature. In this work, Dy-Sn-Cu tridoped YIG ceramics with the composition Y Dy FeCuSnO ( = 0.05-0.

Lignosus rhinocerotis polysaccharides degraded by ultrasound assisted HO/Vc treatment enhances gut health in mice by promoting the proliferation of beneficial bacteria.

The current study aimed to investigate the effect of ultrasound assisted HO/Vc degradation on the digestive characteristics of Lignosus rhinocerotis polysaccharide (LRP) and gut microbiota regulation. Results showed that during in vitro digestion, no changes were observed in molecular weight (M) of LRP and its antitumor activity remains stable. However, M of degraded LRP (DLRP) slightly decreased from 45.

Association of serum urea-to-creatinine and creatinine-to-cystatin C ratios with bone mineral density and osteoporosis: a cross-sectional study.

Sarcopenia and osteoporosis are two closely related degenerative diseases, and the urea-to-creatinine ratio (UCR) and creatinine-to-cystatin C ratio (CCR) have been reported as recognized muscle markers. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between muscle indicators (UCR and CCR) and bone mineral density (BMD), and osteoporosis prevalence. This cross-sectional study included 1,146 participants, of whom 363 were diagnosed with osteoporosis.

Regulation of goat whey protein complex interfacial structures by gum Arabic to improve emulsion performance for curcumin delivery and application.

Hydrophobic bioactive ingredients are often encapsulated within emulsion-based delivery systems to enhance their dispersibility, stability, and nutritional impact. Designing appropriate interfacial structures around the oil droplets in these systems is crucial for achieving these objectives. In this study, the effects of the interfacial structures regulated by gum Arabic on the properties of oil-in-water emulsions were investigated, including their physicochemical properties, physical stability, delivery properties, and potential practical applications.

Transumbilical single-site laparoscopic resection of splenic papillary angioendothelioma in a pediatric patient: a rare case report and review of literature.

Background: Splenic papillary angioendothelioma (PILA) is a rare borderline vascular tumor that is often asymptomatic and typically identified incidentally during imaging studies. Owing to its nonspecific clinical presentation and diagnostic complexity, optimal management strategies, particularly in pediatric patients, remain understudied. This report describes a case of pediatric splenic PILA managed with spleen-preserving minimally invasive surgery.

Integrin β3E726 Regulates the Switch Between Platelet Spreading and Clot Retraction by Interfering Gα13/RhoA Pathway.

Platelet spreading and clot retraction, albeit both mediated by integrin outside-in signaling, lead to platelet shape changes in two opposite directions. The mechanisms by which these processes are regulated are not fully understood. Our previous study found that E726Q mutation in β3 integrin caused impaired spreading in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells on immobilized fibrinogen.

Evaluating the risk of osteoporosis-related adverse events with proton pump inhibitors: a pharmacovigilance study.

Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the most effective antacids and are widely used in the treatment of acid-related diseases. However, the impact of PPIs on bone remains controversial. This study aimed to explore the association between PPIs and osteoporosis-related adverse events in the real world.