gen. et sp. nov. (Platyhelminthes: Rhabdocoela), a Terrestrial Ascophorine Flatworm from China and Its Biological Characteristics.

Rhabdocoel flatworms of the family Typhloplanidae are predominantly found in freshwater and limnoterrestrial environments, with only a few species inhabiting marine and brackish water ecosystems. In this study, a flatworm was discovered in moist soil containing nematodes in the Guizhou plateau of southwest China for the first time. A new species, Zuo, gen.

TRIM29 promotes bladder cancer invasion by regulating the intermediate filament network and focal adhesion.

Bladder cancer is a common malignancy whose lethality is determined by invasive potential. We have previously shown that TRIM29, also known as ATDC, is transcriptionally regulated by TP63 in basal bladder cancers where it promotes invasive progression and metastasis, but the molecular events which promote invasion and metastasis downstream of TRIM29 remained poorly understood. Here we identify stimulation of bladder cancer migration as the specific role of TRIM29 during invasion.

Development and validation of machine learning models to predict esophagogastric variceal rebleeding risk in HBV-related cirrhosis after endoscopic treatment: a prospective multicenter study.

Background: Rebleeding after initial endoscopic therapy is associated with high mortality in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related liver cirrhosis complicated by esophagogastric variceal bleeding (EGVB), imposing a substantial public health burden. Spontaneous portosystemic shunts (SPSS), a compensatory mechanism for portal hypertension, are closely associated with disease progression. This study aimed to develop and validate machine learning (ML) models incorporating clinical and imaging features to predict the risk and frequency of rebleeding following initial endoscopic treatment.

Urban soil health improves with green infrastructure and reduced pathogen risks.

Urban land-use change significantly alters soil microbial communities, with consequences for ecosystem functionality and public health. However, the ecological and health-related outcomes of converting cropland into urban green infrastructure remain poorly characterized. In this study, we examined how three land-use types, afforestation, constructed wetlands, and urban infrastructure, affect soil bacterial diversity, community assembly, and pathogen risk over a three-year period (2019-2023).

Growth differentiation factor 11 attenuates sepsis-associated acute kidney injury by reducing inflammation and coagulation via PGC-1α/Nrf2 activation.

Background: Patients with sepsis commonly endure severe renal dysfunction and damage, hastening to end-stage renal failure with high mortality, and effective treatment options are currently lacking. Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11), belonging to the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily, has shown therapeutic potential for numerous acute and chronic inflammatory conditions. Nevertheless, its function in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SAKI) remains unclear.

Soil Salinity Drives the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Generalists and Specialists Subcommunity Assembly in Extremely Dryland Forest in China.

AM fungi play a pivotal role in regulating ecosystem functioning and processes. However, the assembly of soil AM fungal communities and its drivers across forests in extremely arid regions remain largely unclear. Here, we explored the composition and assembly processes of AM fungal communities in the soil of forests in northwest China.

Screening for MASLD and Advanced Fibrosis Among Patients With Obesity: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.

Objective: The study aimed to compare the cost-effectiveness of various strategies for screening for MASLD-related advanced hepatic fibrosis (fibrosis stage > 2) using the fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by transient elastography (TE) in persons with obesity.

Methods: We created a decision-analytic model comparing three screening strategies: no screening, TE, and FIB-4 followed by TE. We used a Markov transition model to track liver state, with prevalence and transition probabilities specific to the population with obesity.

An Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus Expressing Aphrocallistes Vastus Lectin Modulates Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metabolism via ACSS2/TFEB-Mediated Autophagy and Lipid Accumulation.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a therapeutic challenge due to metabolic plasticity and drug resistance. Oncolytic viruses (OVs), such as thymidine kinase-deleted vaccinia virus (oncoVV), selectively lyse tumors while stimulating antitumor immunity, however, their metabolic interplay with cancer cells is poorly understood. Here, we engineered an oncoVV-expressing Aphrocallistes vastus lectin (oncoVV-AVL) and uncovered its unique ability to exploit the ACSS2/TFEB axis, driving metabolic competition in HCC.

S-9-PAHSA ameliorates cognitive decline in a type 2 diabetes mouse model by inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis via CAIII modulation.

Purpose: S-palmitic acid-9-hydroxy stearic acid (SP), a newly characterized endogenous lipid with multifaceted biological activities, is poised to shed light on its potential in diabetes-related cognitive disorder (DRCD). This study aims to uncover the effects of SP on DRCD and the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: C57BL/6 mice were fed with high-fat diet for 5 months to induce type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Synergistic tumor microenvironment modulation enabled by a nanozyme-boosted biomimetic macrophage-derived nanovesicle for highly efficient antitumor therapy.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in cancer progression, with tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) serving as key contributors. Immunosuppressive M2-type TAMs are associated with poor prognosis and treatment resistance, highlighting the need for strategies to reprogram these cells into pro-inflammatory M1 phenotypes. To address this, we developed a TME-reshaping nanoplatform combining the tumor-targeting capability of M1 macrophage-derived nanovesicles (M1NVs) with the immunomodulatory and catalytic properties of hollow, virus-spiky hMnO nanozymes.

A simple approach of nuclei isolation for single nucleus multiome sequencing.

The emergence of single nucleus multiome sequencing (snMultiome-seq) technology has greatly advanced our understanding of various biological processes. However, existing experimental protocols fail to isolate high-quality nuclei from cryopreserved fibrous tissues, such as the heart, leading to low-quality downstream sequencing data. Here, we develop a simple and inexpensive approach for nuclei isolation from frozen tissues, named douncer-filter-gradient-centrifugation (DFGC).

Topography regulates soil extracellular enzyme activities through soil properties, and affects microbial resource limitations through hydroclimate in arid riparian forests.

Arid riparian forests are vital yet vulnerable transition zones linking aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, representing key areas for biodiversity enrichment in arid regions. However, they are affected by multiple environmental stressors that influence soil microbial functionality. Soil enzyme activities and microbial resource limitation have been widely reported to reflect the nutrient demands and metabolic activities of microorganisms and affect microbial biosynthesis processes, but little is known about their characteristics in riparian forest ecosystems.

Sliding ferroelectricity and alterpiezoelectricity in a two-dimensional heterobilayer from the in-plane hole of g-CN.

It is well known that two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) heterobilayers may undergo symmetry breaking in some specific stacking configurations, thus presenting three states (AA, AB, BA) with different out-of-plane (OOP) polarization, which is electrically switchable interlayer sliding. Here, we find that in two vdW heterobilayers (S-g-CN/graphene and T-g-CN/graphene) formed by a g-CN (S-g-CN and T-g-CN) monolayer and graphene monolayer, interlayer sliding can not only switch the OOP polarization, but also change the in-plane (IP) piezoelectric properties of the T-g-CN/graphene heterobilayer, between positive and negative piezoelectricity, which we call . We show first-principles evidence that the strong charge transfer of graphene contributes to the charge redistribution in graphene induced by the in-plane holes of g-CN, so that stacking configurations with different piezoelectric properties appear in the switching process of interlayer sliding.

Assessment of Restaurant Beverage Offerings on Children's Menus in New Orleans and Baton Rouge, Louisiana.

Introduction: Childhood obesity and related health consequences are associated with sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and present significant health challenges in the U.S., particularly among minoritized and low-income populations.

Ovarian hemangioma: A rare case report.

Ovarian hemangioma is an extremely rare benign tumor in clinical practice. We report the case of a postmenopausal woman presenting with vaginal bleeding, in whom imaging revealed a right adnexal mass. Surgical excision of the adnexa was performed, and pathological examination confirmed a right ovarian hemangioma.

Calpain2-mediated downregulation of apoptosis-inducing factors impairs mitochondrial function in noise-induced spiral ganglion neuron degeneration.

Noise-induced hearing loss can lead to degeneration of spiral ganglion neurons (SGN), resulting in impairment of auditory signalling. However, the specific mechanism is unclear. In our study, we investigated the function of mitochondrial activity following noise exposure.

COVID-19: a vascular nightmare unfolding.

The emergence of COVID-19 has been associated with an increased risk of arteriovenous thrombosis, with immune inflammation playing a significant role in the pathogenesis of thrombosis. Numerous drug-related clinical trials have been undertaken to prevent thrombosis, and guidelines for its prevention and treatment are continuously evolving as our understanding of the disease progresses. This article provides a comprehensive review of the mechanisms underlying thrombosis in COVID-19 patients, as well as the advancements in clinical trials and guidelines for thrombosis prevention with pharmacological interventions.

The association between core number and complications in ultrasound-guided percutaneous lung core needle biopsy for subpleural primary lung cancer: a retrospective study.

Background: With advances in lung cancer management, there is a growing need for larger tissue samples to enable tumor genomic analysis and characterization.This study aims to determine whether the core number obtained during Ultrasound-guided percutaneous lung core needle biopsy(US-PLCNB) is associated with post-procedural complications.

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled consecutive patients who underwent US-PLCNB for subpleural primary lung cancer at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital between July 2019 and September 2021.

Multi-omic Profiling of Senescence Following Myocardial Infarction Reveals Dynamic Characteristics in Cardiac Remodeling.

Premature senescence is essential for tissue remodeling. Myocardial infarction (MI) induces pathological cardiac remodeling through fibroblast-driven extracellular matrix (ECM) production. The role of senescence in MI-induced remodeling process remains elusive.

Engineering molecular switches of CRISPR/Cas12a for biosensing applications.

Benefiting from high specificity, excellent programmability, and efficient signal amplification capability, the CRISPR/Cas12a system has emerged as a crucial tool in the field of molecular diagnostics. To fully realize the application potential of Cas12a, many molecular switches of CRISPR/Cas12a have been recently developed to convert the activity of Cas12a from an inactive state to an active state in response to external stimuli, which significantly improves the biosensing performance in terms of the sensitivity, selectivity, and accuracy. This review summarizes recent progress in the development and application of Cas12a-based molecular switches, with a focus on their conditional activation mechanisms and biosensing applications.

Safety and Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Transthoracic Needle Biopsy: A Retrospective Analysis of 3043 Consecutive Patients.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the procedural safety and diagnostic efficacy of ultrasound-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy (US-PTNB), and to identify modifiable risk factors for associated complications.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 3043 consecutive US-PTNB procedures performed between July 2019 and September 2021. The pathological diagnostic yield and postprocedural complication rates were documented and analyzed for all 3043 patients.

IFN-γ2 enhances proliferation and differentiation of muscle cells: a novel target of natural grass feeding mode improving muscle quality in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella).

Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), as the highest-yielding freshwater species in China, has become a focus of muscle quality research. Previous studies have shown that natural grass feeding (GF) mode can improve the muscle quality of grass carp compared with artificial feeding (AF) mode, but its mechanism has not been revealed. In this study, we identified that interferon-γ2 (IFN-γ2) can be induced in the muscle tissues under GF mode.

Maternal oxidative stress throughout pregnancy and early childhood neurodevelopment at different stages: insights from a prospective cohort study.

Background: Maternal oxidative stress during pregnancy plays a role as a hazardous factor of offspring neurodevelopment in animal models. However, epidemiological evidence remains limited. In this prospective cohort, we aimed to investigate the associations between maternal oxidative stress biomarkers (OSBs) across pregnancy and neurodevelopmental outcomes in different stages across early childhood.

MUC1-C auto-regulatory complex with EBNA1 is responsible for latent Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer progression.

Latent Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection promotes cancers derived from B-lymphocytes and epithelial cells by mechanisms that largely remain unclear. EBV-encoded nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) is uniformly expressed in EBV-associated cancers; however, how EBNA1 contributes to cancer progression is not known. The MUC1 gene evolved in mammals to protect barrier tissues from viral infections.

A lethal juvenile mouse model for the evaluation of antiviral reagents against coxsackievirus A4.

Coxsackievirus A4 (CVA4) as a pathogen causing severe herpangina has become global outbreak epidemics during the past 5 years. However, there is currently no effective vaccines and drugs available. Here, one mouse-adapted CVA4 virus (YZ08) was cultivated by repeatedly cross-passaging between human RD cells and 11-day-old juvenile mice.