Maternal oxidative stress throughout pregnancy and early childhood neurodevelopment at different stages: insights from a prospective cohort study.

Background: Maternal oxidative stress during pregnancy plays a role as a hazardous factor of offspring neurodevelopment in animal models. However, epidemiological evidence remains limited. In this prospective cohort, we aimed to investigate the associations between maternal oxidative stress biomarkers (OSBs) across pregnancy and neurodevelopmental outcomes in different stages across early childhood.

Associations of perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate with oxidative stress, inflammatory, and lung diseases: Evidence from a nationally representative population-based study.

The relationships among exposure to perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate, oxidative stress, inflammation, and lung diseases remain unclear. This study included 6978 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2016. Survey weighted regression and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression were used to evaluate the associations of perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate exposures with the prevalence of lung diseases.

Effect of Potassium-Magnesium Sulfate on Intestinal Dissociation and Absorption Rate, Immune Function, and Expression of NLRP3 Inflammasome, Aquaporins and Ion Channels in Weaned Piglets.

This study investigated the effects of potassium magnesium sulfate (PMS) on intestinal dissociation and absorption rate, immune function, and expression of the NOD-like receptor thermal domain-associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, aquaporins (AQPs), and potassium and magnesium ion channels in weaned piglets. Experiment 1 involved the assessment of the dissociation rate of PMS in pig digestive fluid and the absorption rate of PMS in the small intestine using an Ussing chamber in vitro. In Experiment 2, 216 healthy 21-day-old weaned piglets were selected and randomly assigned to six groups (0%, 0.

Effects of Soybean Meal Substitution in Finishing Pig Diet on Carcass Traits, Meat Quality, and Muscle Antioxidant Capacity.

This study evaluated the effect of mixed meal replacement of soybean meal on growth conditions, carcass traits, and meat quality of finishing pigs by partially and entirely replacing soybean meal with equal proportions of rapeseed, cotton, and sunflower meal. A total of fifty-four pigs with an average initial weight of 97.60 ± 0.

From Chemotherapy to Targeted Therapy: Unraveling Resistance in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Through Genetic and Non-Genetic Insights.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a devastating disease characterized by extensive inter-patient and intra-patient heterogeneity. Despite the introduction of intensive chemotherapy in the 1970s as the standard treatment, the development of mechanism-based targeted therapies since 2017 has been broadening the therapeutic landscape. However, both chemotherapy and targeted therapies continue to face the challenges of primary and secondary resistance.

Impact of Low-Dose Amino Acid-Chelated Trace Minerals on Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, and Fecal Excretion in Growing-Finishing Pigs.

Our previous study has shown that replacing 100% inorganic trace minerals with 30% amino acid-chelated ones can enhance antioxidant capacity, improve nutrient digestibility, and reduce fecal excretion in growing-finishing pigs without compromising performance. This study aimed to further reduce the amino acid-chelated trace minerals content in pig diets and assess its impact. Seventy-two growing-finishing barrows (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire), with an initial average body weight of 67.

Trimester-specific associations of exposure to epoxide alkanes, alkenals, and 1,3-butadiene with preschool children's intellectual development: A birth cohort study in Wuhan, China.

The impact of prenatal exposure to contaminants with neurotoxicity like epoxide alkanes (ethylene oxide, propylene oxide), alkenals (acrolein, crotonaldehyde), and 1,3-butadiene on children's intellectual development remains underreported, and related sensitive window is of interest. In this cohort study, metabolites of these contaminants were measured in 3,081 urine samples from 1,027 pregnant women across three trimesters. Children's intelligence quotient was evaluated at 4-6 years old.

Recent advances in nucleic acid-functionalized metallic nanoparticles.

Nucleic acid-functionalized metallic nanoparticles (N-MNPs) precisely integrate the advantageous characteristics of nucleic acids and metallic nanomaterials, offering various abilities such as resistance to enzymatic degradation, penetration of physiological barriers, controllable mobility, biomolecular recognition, programmable self-assembly, and dynamic structure-function transformation. These properties demonstrate significant potential in the field of biomedical diagnostics and therapeutics. In this review, we examine recent advancements in the construction and theranostic applications of N-MNPs.

Preliminary Research on Dietary Supplementation of Potassium Magnesium Sulphate on Transport Stress in Finishing Pigs Prior to Slaughter.

Transport stress prior to slaughter frequently induces a stress response, negatively affecting meat quality. This study investigated the impact of dietary potassium magnesium sulphate (PMS) supplementation during the fattening stage on the stress response and meat quality in finishing pigs subjected to transport stress. The experiment involved two phases.

Dietary steviol glycosides mixture supplementation modulates the gene expression of gut chemoreceptors and enhances the antioxidant capacity in weaned piglets.

Background: Stevia glycosides (SGs) have been widely used as an ideal sugar alternative in the food industry. However, the potential application of SGs mixture in the diets of weaned piglets remains unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary SGs mixture supplementation on growth performance, gene expression of gut chemoreceptors, and antioxidant capacity in weaned piglets.

Associations between prenatal exposure to metal mixtures and infant reproductive hormones during mini-puberty.

Background: The reproductive hormone homeostasis is crucial for child development. Exposure to metals during pregnancy may have adverse effects on offspring health. However, the association between prenatal exposure to metals and infant reproductive hormone levels remains unknown.

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) mediates the associations between maternal metals and neurodevelopment in children: A prospective cohort study.

Insufficient research has focused on the effects of metal mixtures on children's neurodevelopment and TSH's potential mediating effect. Plasma concentrations of ten metals were measured among 2887 pregnant women in a persistent Chinese birth cohort. At age two, children's neurodevelopment was assessed using mental development indexes (MDIs) and psychomotor development indexes (PDIs), defining neurodevelopmental delay as MDI≤ 79 (cognitive delay) or PDI≤ 79 (motor delay).

Development and characterization of polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan crosslinked malic acid composite films with curcumin encapsulated in β-cyclodextrin for food packaging application.

Considering that fruits are vulnerable to damage and waste during stockpiling, transport and marketing. Given this, an innovative curcumin inclusion compound (Cur@β-CD) was devised in this study to introduce oil-soluble curcumin (Cur) into water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) materials, thereby fabricating food packaging films endowed with excellent properties. DPPH test manifested that the oxidation resistance for PCOMC-Cur@β-CD film was 95 % above PVA material.

DNA-Engineered Degradable Invisibility Cloaking for Tumor-Targeting Nanoparticles.

Nanoparticle (NP) delivery systems have been actively exploited for cancer therapy and vaccine development. Nevertheless, the major obstacle to targeted delivery lies in the substantial liver sequestration of NPs. Here we report a DNA-engineered approach to circumvent liver phagocytosis for enhanced tumor-targeted delivery of nanoagents in vivo.

Urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites in Chinese pregnant women: Concentrations, variability, predictors, and association with oxidative stress biomarkers.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of pervasive contaminants having adverse health effects. Urinary monohydroxylated PAHs (OH-PAHs) are commonly employed as biomarkers to estimate PAH exposure levels in humans. However, little is understood about the variability in OH-PAHs among pregnant women across trimesters and their relationship with oxidative stress biomarkers (OSBs).

Framework nucleic acid-based nanoparticles enhance temozolomide sensitivity in glioblastoma.

O-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is a crucial determinant of temozolomide (TMZ) sensitivity in patients with glioblastoma (GBM). The therapeutic potential of small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting MGMT to enhance TMZ sensitivity has been hampered by serum nuclease degradation, off-target effects, poor accumulation at tumor sites, and low circulation in blood stream. In this study, we developed a framework nucleic acid-based nanoparticles (FNN), which is constructed from a six-helix DNA bundle, to encapsulate and protect siMGMT for improving TMZ sensitivity in GBM treatment.

Effect of Miscellaneous Meals Replacing Soybean Meal in Feed on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Parameters, and Microbiota Composition of 25-50 kg Growing Pigs.

The present study aims to determine the effect of miscellaneous meals (rapeseed meal, cottonseed meal, and sunflower meal) replacing soybean meal in feed on growth performance, apparent digestibility of nutrients, serum biochemical parameters, serum free amino acid content, microbiota composition and SCFAs content in growing pigs (25-50 kg). A total of 72 (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) growing pigs with initial weights of 25.79 ± 0.

Trihalomethanes in global drinking water: Distributions, risk assessments, and attributable disease burden of bladder cancer.

This study aimed to assess the global spatiotemporal variations of trihalomethanes (THMs) in drinking water, evaluate their cancer and non-cancer risks, and THM-attributable bladder cancer burden. THM concentrations in drinking water around fifty years on a global scale were integrated. Health risks were assessed using Monte Carlo simulations and attributable bladder cancer burden was estimated by comparative risk assessment methodology.

Engineering Bacterial Biofilm Development and Structure via Regulation of Silver Nanoparticle Density in Graphene Oxide Composite Coating.

Graphene-based composites have shown significant potential in the treatment of biofilm infections in clinical settings due to their exceptional antimicrobial properties and specific mechanisms. Nevertheless, a comprehensive understanding of the influence exerted by nanoparticles embedded in the composites on the development and structure of biofilms is still lacking. Here, we fabricate different graphene oxide-silver nanoparticle (GAg) composite-modified substrates (GAgS) with varying densities of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and investigate their effects on planktonic bacterial adhesion, subsequent biofilm formation, and mature biofilm structure.

Effect of mixed meal replacement of soybean meal on growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility, and gut microbiota of finishing pigs.

Introduction: This study was carried out to investigate the effects of mixed meal (rapeseed meal, cotton meal, and sunflower meal) replacement soybean meal on growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility, serum inflammatory factors and immunoglobulins, serum biochemical parameters, intestinal permeability, short-chain fatty acid content, and gut microbiota of finishing pigs.

Methods: A total of 54 pigs with an average initial weight of 97.60 ± 0.

Accurate models and nutritional strategies for specific oxidative stress factors: Does the dose matter in swine production?

Oxidative stress has been associated with a number of physiological problems in swine, including reduced production efficiency. Recently, although there has been increased research into regulatory mechanisms and antioxidant strategies in relation to oxidative stress-induced pig production, it remains so far largely unsuccessful to develop accurate models and nutritional strategies for specific oxidative stress factors. Here, we discuss the dose and dose intensity of the causes of oxidative stress involving physiological, environmental and dietary factors, recent research models and the antioxidant strategies to provide theoretical guidance for future oxidative stress research in swine.

Associations between maternal urinary rare earth elements during pregnancy and birth weight-for-gestational age: Roles of cord blood vitamin D levels.

Prenatal exposure to rare earth elements (REEs) may contribute to adverse birth outcomes in previous studies. Cord blood vitamin D has been suggested to modify or mediate the effects of environmental exposures. However, none has investigated these roles of cord blood vitamin D in the associations of prenatal exposure to REEs with fetal growth.

Effect of Miscellaneous Meal Replacements for Soybean Meal on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Parameters, and Gut Microbiota of 50-75 kg Growing Pigs.

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of miscellaneous meal (rapeseed meal, cottonseed meal, and sunflower seed meal) as a replacement for soybean meal on growth performance, apparent nutrient digestibility, serum biochemical parameters, serum free amino acid contents, and gut microbiota of 50-75 kg growing pigs. A total of 54 healthy growing pigs (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) with initial body weights (BWs) of 50.64 ± 2.

Association and interactions between mixed exposure to trace elements and the prevalence of kidney stones: a study of NHANES 2017-2018.

Background: The association between exposure to trace elements mixture and the prevalence of kidney stones and the interactions between elements are unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the association between exposure to trace elements mixture and the prevalence of kidney stones and the interactions between the elements.

Methods: A total of 1,244 participants (139 kidney stone formers and 1,105 non-stone former participants) in NHANES 2017-2018 were included.