Mesenchymal stem cells for lung diseases: focus on immunomodulatory action.

In recent years, the morbidity and mortality caused by acute and chronic lung diseases have gradually increased, becoming a global public health burden. However, modern medicine has yet to determine the exact treatment for lung diseases associated with inflammation. Alleviating lung diseases and repairing injured lung tissue are urgent issues that need to be resolved.

Multi-omics reveals Fuyuan Xingnao Decoction's therapeutic mechanism in cerebral infararction via gut microbiota and JAK2-STAT3 pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Cerebral infarction is a cerebrovascular disorder characterized by ischemic and hypoxic necrosis of brain tissue resulting from vascular occlusion, leading to subsequent neurological deficits. Fuyuan Xingnao Decoction (FYXN) has been traditionally used for the prevention and treatment of cerebral infarction at Longhua Hospital, affiliated with Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. However, its targeted intervention in the brain remains to be fully elucidated.

Dietary Interventions with Polysaccharides and/or Composite Polysaccharides Remodel Liver Lipid Profiles and Ameliorate Gut Metabolic Disturbances in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice.

The global obesity epidemic and associated metabolic disorders present urgent public health challenges. This study employed a multi-omics approach (lipidomics, metabolomics, and gut microbiome analysis) to investigate how polysaccharides (BSPs) and composite polysaccharides modulate liver lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. HFD elevated hepatic phosphatidylcholines, cholesteryl esters (CEs), and acylcarnitines (CARs), alongside increased cecal choline and trimethylamine.

IFN-γ2 enhances proliferation and differentiation of muscle cells: a novel target of natural grass feeding mode improving muscle quality in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella).

Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), as the highest-yielding freshwater species in China, has become a focus of muscle quality research. Previous studies have shown that natural grass feeding (GF) mode can improve the muscle quality of grass carp compared with artificial feeding (AF) mode, but its mechanism has not been revealed. In this study, we identified that interferon-γ2 (IFN-γ2) can be induced in the muscle tissues under GF mode.

Analysis of Pharmacological Activities and Mechanisms of Essential Oil in Flowers of 'Tomentosa' by GC-MS/MS and Network Pharmacology.

According to our research, the flowers from 'Tomentosa' contain rich biologically active essential oil components, but the chemical components and relative pharmacological properties have not been systematically studied. Therefore, the study aimed to identify the essential oil components by GC-MS/MS and explore the pharmacological activity and mechanism of these essential oil components by a network pharmacology approach. Finally, GC-MS/MS analysis identified 43 essential oil components, which corresponded to 739 potential targets.

Hyaluronidase: structure, mechanism of action, diseases and therapeutic targets.

Hyaluronidase (HAase), a family of enzymes critical for regulating physiological and pathological states, catalyzes the degradation of hyaluronic acid (HA), a key component of the extracellular matrix (ECM). By modulating ECM composition and cellular signaling pathways, HAase plays a pivotal role in diverse biological processes, including wound healing, tissue regeneration, and tumor progression. This review systematically elucidates the classification, biological sources, structural diversity, and catalytic mechanisms of HAase, emphasizing its dynamic involvement in disease pathogenesis and diagnostic potential.

Multi-omics decodes host-specific and environmental microbiome interactions in sepsis.

Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, and its pathogenesis involves complex interactions between the host and the microbiome. The integration of multi-omics has important value in revealing the mechanism of host-microbiome interaction. It is a key tool for promoting accurate diagnosis and guiding dynamic treatment strategies in sepsis.

Bibliometric analysis of sepsis and gut microbiota: Trends from 2014 to 2024.

Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening condition characterized by organ dysfunction resulting from a dysregulated host response to infection, with pathological mechanisms closely linked to imbalances in the intestinal flora. While the gut microbiota influences sepsis progression through metabolic and immune regulation, systematic analyses of research trends remain limited. This bibliometric study comprehensively evaluates the sepsis and gut microbiota field from 2014 to 2024.

Differential Causal Associations of Chronic Gastritis and Ulcerative Colitis with Melanoma Risk: A Mendelian Randomization Study Using Large-Sample GWAS Data.

Purpose: Chronic inflammatory diseases are thought to influence cancer development through systemic inflammation and immune dysregulation. However, the causal relationship between chronic gastrointestinal inflammation and cutaneous melanoma remains unclear. This study employed Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the potential causal link between chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases and melanoma risk.

Transcriptome analysis of MRNA after different induction time of induced schwann-like cells from adipose-derived stem cells.

Objectives: To compare the differences in protein coding transcripts before and after different induction times of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs)-induced Schwann-like cells (iSCs).

Methods: ADSCs were isolated from healthy adult female rats. In addition, the iSCs of 7 and 19 days after induction were chosen for ribonucleic acid (RNA)-sequencing (RNA-seq).

Epitaxial induction driven charge vector Steering in ZnCdS/CuWS S-scheme heterojunctions for superior photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

Enhancing the spatial vector separation of photogenerated charge carriers has emerged as a promising strategy to improve the efficiency of photocatalytic hydrogen production. In this study, we designed a 3D/2D ZnCdS/CuWS S-scheme heterojunction with an intimate interface, leveraging the one-dimensional transport properties of photogenerated carriers in the rod-like structure of ZnCdS. This structural design facilitates the efficient spatial transfer of photogenerated carriers at the interface, significantly boosting the photoreduction capability of the catalyst.

Phase behavior of nanoconfined continental shale oil and reservoir fluid phases in the Gulong shale of the Songliao basin.

The shale oil phase state is essential for assessing shale oil production, establishing development plans, and enhancing oil recovery. Previous studies on shale oil phase state mainly focused on bulk fluid phase based on fluid composition retrieved from drill holes, while nano-confined shale oil phase state based on subsurface in-situ fluid compositions is rarely discussed. In this work, we established a new workflow that used pressure-preserved shale cores and pyrolysis gas chromatogram (Py-GC) to retrieve in-situ shale oil compositions from various shales with different thermal maturities.

Development and optimization of a plant-based sand fixer: Locust bean gum and its advanced materials.

With soil wind erosion becoming an increasingly pressing issue, sand fixation technologies and approaches have advanced significantly. However, chemical sand fixers often exert detrimental effects on soil properties, necessitating efforts to research and develop a novel type of environmentally friendly sand fixer. In this study, acacia gum extracted from plants and sodium lignosulfonate from papermaking waste liquid were selected as raw materials to be co-mingled, and a biophilic plant-based sand fixer was developed.

Integrating bioinformatics and machine learning for comprehensive analysis and validation of diagnostic biomarkers and immune cell infiltration characteristics in pediatric septic shock.

This study aims to predict and diagnose pediatric septic shock through the screening of immune infiltration-related biomarkers. Three gene expression datasets were accessible from the Gene Expression Omnibus repository. The differentially expressed genes were identified using the R 4.

Associations between screen time and emotional and behavioral problems among children and adolescents in US, National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), 2022.

Background: Excessive screen time is associated with physical health, behavior, and cognitive development. Recognizing childhood and adolescence as crucial periods for mental health development, we examine the association of screen time with mental health in children and adolescents.

Method: This cross-sectional study included 4932 children and adolescents aged 6-17 years.

Glimepiride/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion compound: preparation, characterization, and evaluation.

Objective: To enhance solubility and bioavailability of GM, an inclusion compound of glimepiride/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (GM/HP-β-CD) was prepared using mechanical ball milling.

Significance: Based on response surface optimization for the ball milling preparation of the inclusion compound, this study investigates its and release and pharmacokinetics.

Methods: GM/HP-β-CD inclusion compound was prepared by optimized ball milling based on response surface methodology and characterized using powder x-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the stability of the compound was studied.

Association of ADHD and LD with vision abnormalities among the children and adolescents in US, NHANES 1999-2004.

Objective: To examine the association of ADHD and LD with visual impairment, uncorrected refractive error, and refractive error (myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism) among US children and adolescents.

Method: A population-based cross-sectional study included 3,385 participants aged 12-15 years from the large, representative sample of US NHANES. The diagnoses of ADHD and LD in children and adolescents, as reported by parents or adolescents themselves, were analyzed.

Integrative analysis of intestinal flora and untargeted metabolomics in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a clinically common neurodevelopmental disorder of the brain. In addition to genetic factors, an imbalance in gut flora may also play a role in the development of ADHD. Currently, it is critical to investigate the function of gut flora and related metabolites, which may form the fundamental basis of bidirectional cross-linking between the brain and the gut, in addition to focusing on the changed gut flora in ADHD.

Timely Application of Plasma Exchange to Correct Acute Pancreatitis Related to Serum Triglyceride Levels: A Report of 6 Cases and a Literature Review.

BACKGROUND Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is associated with circulating free fatty acids that can cause acute pancreatitis. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is a rapid and effective method of reducing triglyceride levels. This case series presents 6 cases of acute pancreatitis associated with hypertriglyceridemia with a rapid response to therapeutic plasma exchange.

Analysis of chromatin accessibility in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with early-stage breast cancer.

This study was aimed at exploring a specific open region of chromatin in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with breast cancer and evaluating its feasibility as a biomarker for diagnosing and predicting breast cancer prognosis. We obtained PBMCs from breast cancer patients and healthy people for the assay for transposase-accessible chromatin (ATAC) sequencing (n = 3) and obtained the GSE27562 chip sequencing data for secondary analyses. Through bioinformatics analysis, we mined the pattern changes for chromatin accessibility in the PBMCs of breast cancer patients.

Differences in the prevalence of allergy and asthma among US children and adolescents during and before the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The increasing prevalence of allergies and asthma has led to a growing global socioeconomic burden. Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the health and lifestyles of children and adolescents have changed dramatically. It's unclear how this shift impacted allergy and asthma, with limited studies addressing this question.

Association between inflammatory factors and melanoma: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Purpose: This study performed a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to elucidate the causal relationships of C-reactive protein and 41 inflammatory regulators with melanoma, including data from UK Biobank, Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study, and Cohorts for Inflammation Work Group.

Methods: We selected the inverse variance weighting (IVW) to merge the estimated causal effects of multiple SNPs into a weighted average. To evaluate the heterogeneities of IVW, the Cochran Q statistic, and I index were used.